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DRUGS & SUPPLEMENTS
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Active ingredient: Ampicillin
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Ampicillin uses
Pharmacological action
ampicillin is an antibiotic of semisynthetic broad-spectrum penicillin group. This medication has a bactericidal effect by suppressing the synthesis of bacterial cell walls. ampicillin is active against aerobic gram-positive bacteria: Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus spp., Enterococcus spp., Listeria monocytogenes; aerobic gram-negative bacteria: Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Neisseria meningitidis, Escherichia coli, Shigella spp., Salmonella spp., Bordetella pertussis, some strains of Haemophilus influenzae. ampicillin destroyed by penicillinase. This drug is acid-resistant.
Pharmacokinetics
After oral administration ampicillin is well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. This medicine is distributed in most organs and tissues; crosses the placental barrier, poorly penetrates the BBB. When inflammation of the meninges, BBB permeability increases dramatically. 30% of ampicillin is metabolized in the liver. This medication is excreted in the urine and bile.
Why is ampicillin prescribed?
Infectious-inflammatory diseases caused by organisms susceptible to ampicillin: including ear infections, throat, nose, odontogenic infections, bronchopulmonary infections, acute and chronic urinary tract infections, gastrointestinal infections, gynecological infections, meningitis, endocarditis, septicemia, sepsis, rheumatic fever, erysipelas, scarlet fever, infections of skin and soft tissues.
Dosage and administration
The dosing regimen of ampicillin is set individually depending on the severity, localization of infection and sensitivity of the pathogen.
For adults for oral administration a single dose of this medication is 250-500 mg, the multiplicity of the reception is 4 times / day. The dose for children weighing up to 20 kg is 12.5-25 mg / kg every 6 hours.
For IV and IM using the single dose for adults is 250-500 mg every 4-6 hours; for children the single dose is 25-50 mg / kg.
The duration of treatment depends on the localization of infection and features of the disease.
The maximum oral daily dose for adults is 4 g, for IM and IV administration - 14 g.
ampicillin side effects, adverse reactions
Allergic reactions: urticaria, erythema, angioedema, rhinitis, conjunctivitis, rarely - fever, joint pain, eosinophilia, extremely rare - anaphylactic shock.
Digestive system: nausea, vomiting.
The effects caused by chemotherapeutic action: oral candidiasis, vaginal candidiasis, intestinal dysbiosis, colitis caused by Clostridium difficile.
ampicillin contraindications
Infectious mononucleosis, lymphatic leukemia, increased sensitivity to ampicillin and other penicillins, abnormal liver function.
Using during pregnancy and breastfeeding
Perhaps the use of ampicillin during pregnancy if it may be needed. ampicillin is excreted in breast milk in low concentrations. If necessary to use ampicillin in the lactation period it should be solved the issue of termination of breastfeeding.
Category effects on the fetus by FDA - B.
Special instructions
In the course of treatment with ampicillin there is need the regular control of renal function, liver and peripheral blood picture. Patients with impaired renal function requires correction dosing regimen in accordance with the values of CCr.
When used in high doses in patients with renal insufficiency it may be toxic effects on the CNS.
For using of ampicillin in patients with bacteremia it can be bacteriolysis reaction (Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction).
ampicillin drug interactions
Simultaneous administration of ampicillin with bactericidal antibiotics (including aminoglycosides, cephalosporins, cycloserine, vancomycin, rifampicin) there is manifested synergism; with bacteriostatic antibiotics (including macrolides, chloramphenicol, lincosamides, tetracyclines, sulfonamides) - antagonism.
ampicillin enhances the effect of indirect anticoagulants by inhibiting the intestinal microflora, reduces the synthesis of vitamin K and prothrombin index.
ampicillin decreases the effect of drugs in the process of metabolism which produce PABA.
Probenecid, diuretics, allopurinol, phenylbutazone, NSAIDs decrease the tubular secretion of ampicillin which may be accompanied by an increase in its concentration in blood plasma.
Antacids, glucosamine, laxatives, aminoglycosides slow down and reduce the absorption of ampicillin Upha Corporation. Ascorbic acid increases the absorption of ampicillin.
ampicillin decreases the effectiveness of oral contraceptives.
ampicillin in case of emergency / overdose
Symptoms: the toxic effect on the central nervous system (especially in patients with renal insufficiency), nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, impaired water and electrolyte balance (as a consequence of vomiting and diarrhea).
Treatment: gastric lavage, activated charcoal, saline laxatives, a maintain of water and electrolyte balance, symptomatic therapy. This drug is derived by means of hemodialysis.
Ampicillin available forms, composition, doses:
| Price | |
| Ampicillin 1 gm vial | 8.64 USD |
| Ampicillin 10 gm vial | 107.77 USD |
| Ampicillin 2 gm vial | 16.75 USD |
| Ampicillin 250 mg capsule | 0.44 USD |
| Ampicillin 500 mg capsule | 0.5 USD |
| Ampicillin Sodium 1 g/vial | 3.78 USD |
| Ampicillin Sodium 2 g/vial | 7.56 USD |
| Ampicillin Sodium 250 mg/vial | 2.15 USD |
| Ampicillin Sodium 500 mg/vial | 2.26 USD |
| Ampicillin tr 250 mg capsule | 3.53 USD |
| Ampicillin tr 500 mg capsule | 0.61 USD |
| Capsules; Oral; Ampicillin 250 mg | |
| Capsules; Oral; Ampicillin 500 mg | |
| Capsules; Oral; Ampicillin Sodium 250 mg | |
| Capsules; Oral; Ampicillin Sodium 500 mg | |
| Capsules; Oral; Ampicillin Trihydrate 250 mg | |
| Capsules; Oral; Ampicillin Trihydrate 500 mg | |
| For Suspension; Oral; Ampicillin Sodium 125 mg / 5 ml | |
| For Suspension; Oral; Ampicillin Sodium 250 mg / 5 ml | |
| Granules for Suspension; Oral; Ampicillin Trihydrate 250 mg / 5 ml | |
| Injectable; Injection; Ampicillin 1 g | |
| Injectable; Injection; Ampicillin 100 mg | |
| Injectable; Injection; Ampicillin 250 mg | |
| Injectable; Injection; Ampicillin 500 mg | |
| Injectable; Injection; Ampicillin Sodium 1 g | |
| Injectable; Injection; Ampicillin Sodium 10 g | |
| Injectable; Injection; Ampicillin Sodium 125 mg | |
| Injectable; Injection; Ampicillin Sodium 2 g | |
| Injectable; Injection; Ampicillin Sodium 250 mg | |
| Injectable; Injection; Ampicillin Sodium 5 g | |
| Injectable; Injection; Ampicillin Sodium 500 mg | |
| Powder for Suspension; Oral; Ampicillin Trihydrate 125 mg / 5 ml | |
| Powder for Suspension; Oral; Ampicillin Trihydrate 250 mg / 5 ml | |
| Powder for Syrup; Oral; Ampicillin Trihydrate 125 mg / 5 ml | |
| Powder; Oral; Ampicillin Sodium 100% | |
| Principen 250 mg/5ml Suspension 100ml Bottle | 7.99 USD |
| Principen 250 mg/5ml Suspension 200ml Bottle | 16.27 USD |
| Syrup; Oral; Ampicillin 125 mg / 5 ml | |
| Tablets, Film-Coated; Oral; Ampicillin Trihydrate 1000 mg | |
| Tablets; Oral; Ampicillin 250 mg | |
| Tablets; Oral; Ampicillin Trihydrate 1000 mg | |
| Tablets; Oral; Ampicillin Trihydrate 250 mg |
Indications and Usages:
ATC codes:
ICD-10 codes:
Ampicillin destination | category:
Drugs with same active ingredients (Pharmaceutical companies):
References
- Dailymed."AMPICILLIN INJECTION, POWDER, FOR SUSPENSION [GC HANFORD MANUFACTURING COMPANY]". https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailym... (accessed August 28, 2018).
- Dailymed."AMPICILLIN SODIUM: DailyMed provides trustworthy information about marketed drugs in the United States. DailyMed is the official provider of FDA label information (package inserts).". https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailym... (accessed August 28, 2018).
- "ampicillin". https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/co... (accessed August 28, 2018).
Frequently asked Questions
Can i drive or operate heavy machine after consuming Ampicillin?Depending on the reaction of the Ampicillin after taken, if you are feeling dizziness, drowsiness or any weakness as a reaction on your body, Then consider Ampicillin not safe to drive or operate heavy machine after consumption. Meaning that, do not drive or operate heavy duty machines after taking the capsule if the capsule has a strange reaction on your body like dizziness, drowsiness. As prescribed by a pharmacist, it is dangerous to take alcohol while taking medicines as it exposed patients to drowsiness and health risk. Please take note of such effect most especially when taking Primosa capsule. It's advisable to consult your doctor on time for a proper recommendation and medical consultations.
Is Ampicillin addictive or habit forming?Medicines are not designed with the mind of creating an addiction or abuse on the health of the users. Addictive Medicine is categorically called Controlled substances by the government. For instance, Schedule H or X in India and schedule II-V in the US are controlled substances.
Please consult the medicine instruction manual on how to use and ensure it is not a controlled substance.In conclusion, self medication is a killer to your health. Consult your doctor for a proper prescription, recommendation, and guidiance.
Review
sdrugs.com conducted a study on Ampicillin, and the result of the survey is set out below. It is noteworthy that the product of the survey is based on the perception and impressions of the visitors of the website as well as the views of Ampicillin consumers. We, as a result of this, advice that you do not base your therapeutic or medical decisions on this result, but rather consult your certified medical experts for their recommendations.Visitor reports
Visitor reported useful
No survey data has been collected yetVisitor reported side effects
No survey data has been collected yetVisitor reported price estimates
No survey data has been collected yetVisitor reported frequency of use
No survey data has been collected yetOne visitor reported doses
What is the dose of Ampicillin drug you are taking?According to the survey conducted among sdrugs.com website users, the maximum number of people are using the following dose 501mg-1g. Few medications come in only one or two doses. Few are specific for adult dose and child dose. The dose of the medicine given to the patient depends on the severity of the symptom/disease. There can be dose adjustments made by the doctor, based on the progression of the disease. Follow-up is important.
| Visitors | % | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 501mg-1g | 1 | 100.0% | |
Visitor reported time for results
No survey data has been collected yetOne visitor reported administration
The drugs are administered in various routes, like oral or injection form. They are administered before food or after food. How are you taking Ampicillin drug, before food or after food?Click here to find out how other users of our website are taking it. For any doubts or queries on how and when the medicine is administered, contact your health care provider immediately.
| Visitors | % | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Empty stomach | 1 | 100.0% | |
Four visitors reported age
| Visitors | % | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| < 1 | 1 | 25.0% | |
| 16-29 | 1 | 25.0% | |
| > 60 | 1 | 25.0% | |
| 1-5 | 1 | 25.0% | |
Visitor reviews
There are no reviews yet. Be the first to write one! |
The information was verified by Dr. Rachana Salvi, MD Pharmacology