Xergic

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Xergic uses


1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE

Xergic is an H1-receptor antagonist indicated for:

- Relief of symptoms associated with seasonal allergic rhinitis in patients 6 years of age and older

- Treatment of uncomplicated skin manifestations of chronic idiopathic urticaria in patients 6 years of age and older (1.2)

1.1 Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis

Xergic tablets are indicated for the relief of symptoms associated with seasonal allergic rhinitis in adults and children 6 years of age and older.

1.2 Chronic Idiopathic Urticaria

Xergic tablets are indicated for treatment of uncomplicated skin manifestations of chronic idiopathic urticaria in adults and children 6 of age and older.

2 DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION

Patient Population Xergic tablets
Adults and children ≥ 12 years 60 mg twice daily1, or 180 mg once daily2
Children 6 to 11 years 30 mg twice daily1
Children 2 to 5 years N/A
Children 6 months to less than 2 years N/A

1starting dose in patients with decrease renal function should be the recommended dose indicated above but administered once daily

2dose not for use in patients with decreased renal function

- Xergic tablets: take with water (2.1)

2.1 Xergic Tablets

Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis and Chronic Idiopathic Urticaria

Adults and Children 12 Years and Older: The recommended dose of Xergic tablets is 60 mg twice daily or 180 mg once daily with water. A dose of 60 mg once daily is recommended as the starting dose in patients with decreased renal function.

Children 6 to 11 Years: The recommended dose of Xergic tablets is 30 mg twice daily with water. A dose of 30 mg once daily is recommended as the starting dose in pediatric patients with decreased renal function.

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3 DOSAGE FORMS AND STRENGTHS

Xergic tablets are available as:

30 mg are pink colored, oval shaped tablets embossed with "192" on one side and "R" on the other side.

60 mg are pink colored, oval shaped tablets embossed with "193" on one side and "R" on the other side.

180 mg are pink colored, oval, beveled edged, biconvex tablets debossed "194" on one side and "R" on the other side.

- Xergic tablets: 30 mg, 60 mg, and 180 mg (3)

4 CONTRAINDICATIONS

Xergic tablets are contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to fexofenadine and any of the ingredients of Xergic. Rare cases of hypersensitivity reactions with manifestations such as angioedema, chest tightness, dyspnea, flushing and systemic anaphylaxis have been reported.

Patients with known hypersensitivity to fexofenadine and any of the ingredients of Xergic tablets. (4)

5 WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS

Xergic tablets do not contain phenylalanine.

5.1 Phenylketonurics

Xergic tablets do not contain phenylalanine

6 ADVERSE REACTIONS

The most common adverse reactions in subjects age 12 years and older were headache, back pain, dizziness, stomach discomfort, and pain in extremity. In subjects aged 6 to 11 years, cough, upper respiratory tract infection, pyrexia and otitis media were more frequently reported. In subjects aged 6 months to 5 years, vomiting, diarrhea, somnolence/fatigue and rhinorrhea were more frequently reported (6.1). Other adverse reactions have been reported. (6)

To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact Dr. Reddy's Laboratories, Inc. at 1-888-375-3784 or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch

6.1 Clinical Studies Experience

Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice.

The safety data described below reflect exposure to Xergic in 5083 patients in trials for allergic rhinitis and chronic idiopathic urticaria. In these trials, 3010 patients 12 years of age and older with seasonal allergic rhinitis were exposed to Xergic at doses of 20 to 240 mg twice daily or 120 to 180 mg once daily. A total of 646 patients 6 to 11 years of age with seasonal allergic rhinitis were exposed to Xergic at doses of 15 to 60 mg twice daily. The duration of treatment in these trials was 2 weeks. A total of 534 patients 6 months to 5 years of age with allergic rhinitis were exposed to Xergic at doses of 15 to 30 mg twice daily. The duration of treatment in these trials ranged from 1 day to 2 weeks. There were 893 patients 12 years of age and older with chronic idiopathic urticaria exposed to Xergic at doses of 20 to 240 mg twice daily or 180 mg once daily. The duration of treatment in these trials was 4 weeks.

Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis

Adults and Adolescents: In placebo-controlled seasonal allergic rhinitis clinical trials in subjects 12 years of age and older, 2439 subjects received Xergic capsules at doses of 20 mg to 240 mg twice daily. All adverse reactions that were reported by greater than 1% of subjects who received the recommended daily dose of Xergic (60 mg capsules twice daily) are listed in Table 1.

In another placebo-controlled clinical study in the United States, 571 subjects aged 12 years and older received Xergic tablets at doses of 120 or 180 mg once daily. Table 1 also lists adverse reactions that were reported by greater than 2% of subjects treated with Xergic tablets at doses of 180 mg once daily.

The incidence of adverse reactions, including somnolence/fatigue, was not dose-related and was similar across subgroups defined by age, gender, and race.

Table 1 Adverse reactions in subjects aged 12 years and older reported in placebo-controlled seasonal allergic rhinitis clinical trials in the United States
Twice-daily dosing with fexofenadine capsules at rates of greater than 1%
Adverse reaction Fexofenadine 60 mg Twice Daily

(n=680)

Placebo Twice Daily

(n=674)

Frequency Frequency
Dysmenorrhea 1.5% 0.3%
Once-daily dosing with Xergic tablets at rates of greater than 2%
Adverse reaction Fexofenadine 180 mg Once Daily

(n=283)

Placebo

(n=293)

Frequency Frequency
Headache 10.3% 7.2%
Back Pain 2.5% 1.4%

The frequency and magnitude of laboratory abnormalities were similar in fexofenadine hydrochloride- and placebo-treated subjects.

Pediatrics: Table 2 lists adverse reactions in subjects aged 6 years to 11 years of age which were reported by greater than 2% of subjects treated with Xergic tablets at a dose of 30 mg twice daily in placebo-controlled seasonal allergic rhinitis studies in the United States and Canada.

Table 2 Adverse reactions reported in placebo-controlled seasonal allergic rhinitis studies in pediatric subjects aged 6 years to 11 years in the United States and Canada at rates of greater than 2%
Adverse reaction Fexofenadine 30 mg Twice Daily

(n=209)

Placebo

(n=229)

Frequency Frequency
Cough 3.8% 1.3%
Upper Respiratory Tract Infection 2.9% 0.9%
Pyrexia 2.4% 0.9%
Otitis Media 2.4% 0.0%

Table 3 lists adverse reactions in subjects 6 months to 5 years of age which were reported by greater than 2% of subjects treated with Xergic in 3 open single- and multiple-dose pharmacokinetic studies and 3 placebo-controlled safety studies with Xergic capsule content (484 subjects) and suspension (50 subjects) at doses of 15 mg (108 subjects) and 30 mg (426 subjects) given twice a day.

Table 3 Adverse reactions reported in placebo-controlled studies in pediatric subjects with allergic rhinitis aged 6 months to 5 years of age at rates greater than 2%
Adverse reaction Fexofenadine 15 mg

Twice Daily

Fexofenadine 30 mg

Twice Daily

Fexofenadine Total

Twice Daily

Placebo
(n=108)

Frequency

(n=426)

Frequency

(n=534)

Frequency

(n=430)

Frequency

Vomiting 12.0% 4.2% 5.8% 8.6%
Diarrhea 3.7% 2.8% 3.0% 2.6%
Somnolence/Fatigue 2.8% 0.9% 1.3% 0.2%
Rhinorrhea 0.9% 2.1% 1.9% 0.9%

Chronic Idiopathic Urticaria

Adverse reactions reported by subjects 12 years of age and older in placebo-controlled chronic idiopathic urticaria studies were similar to those reported in placebo-controlled seasonal allergic rhinitis studies.

In placebo-controlled chronic idiopathic urticaria clinical trials, 726 subjects 12 years of age and older received Xergic tablets at doses of 20 to 240 mg twice daily. Table 4 lists adverse reactions in subjects aged 12 years and older which were reported by greater than 2% of subjects treated with Xergic 60 mg tablets twice daily in controlled clinical studies in the United States and Canada.

In a placebo-controlled clinical study in the United States, 167 subjects aged 12 years and older received Xergic 180 mg tablets. Table 4 also lists adverse reactions that were reported by greater than 2% of subjects treated with Xergic tablets at doses of 180 mg once daily.

Table 4 Adverse reactions reported in subjects 12 years of age and older in placebo-controlled chronic idiopathic urticaria studies
Twice-daily dosing with Xergic in studies in the United States and Canada at rates of greater than 2%
Adverse reaction Fexofenadine 60 mg Twice Daily (n=191)

Frequency

Placebo (n=183)

Frequency

Dizziness 2.1% 1.1%
Back Pain 2.1% 1.1%
Stomach discomfort 2.1% 0.6%
Pain in extremity 2.1% 0.0%
Once-daily dosing with Xergic in a study in the United States at rates of greater than 2%
Adverse reaction Fexofenadine 180 mg Once Daily

(n=167)

Frequency

Placebo

(n=92)

Frequency

Headache 4.8% 3.3%

The safety of Xergic in the treatment of chronic idiopathic urticaria in pediatric patients 6 months to 11 years of age is based on the safety profile of Xergic in adults and pediatric patients at doses equal to or higher than the recommended dose.

6.2 Postmarketing Experience

In addition to the adverse reactions reported during clinical studies and listed above, the following adverse events have been identified during post-approval use of Xergic. Because these events are reported voluntarily from a population of uncertain size, it is not always possible to reliably estimate their frequency or establish a causal relationship to drug exposure. Events that have been reported rarely during postmarketing experience include: insomnia, nervousness, sleep disorders or paroniria, and hypersensitivity reactions (including anaphylaxis, urticaria, angioedema, chest tightness, dyspnea, flushing, pruritus, and rash).

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7 DRUG INTERACTIONS

- Antacids: Do not take at the same time as aluminum and magnesium containing antacids

- Fruit juice: Take with water, not fruit juice.

7.1 Antacids

Xergic should not be taken closely in time with aluminum and magnesium containing antacids. In healthy adult subjects, administration of 120 mg of Xergic (2 × 60 mg capsule) within 15 minutes of an aluminum and magnesium containing antacid (Maalox®) decreased fexofenadine AUC by 41% and Cmax by 43%.

7.2 Erythromycin and Ketoconazole

Fexofenadine has been shown to exhibit minimal metabolism. However, co–administration of Xergic with either ketoconazole or erythromycin led to increased plasma concentrations of fexofenadine in healthy adult subjects. Fexofenadine had no effect on the pharmacokinetics of either erythromycin or ketoconazole. In 2 separate studies in healthy adult subjects, Xergic 120 mg twice daily (240 mg total daily dose) was co-administered with either erythromycin 500 mg every 8 hours or ketoconazole 400 mg once daily under steady-state conditions to healthy adult subjects (n=24, each study). No differences in adverse events or QTc interval were observed when subjects were administered Xergic alone or in combination with either erythromycin or ketoconazole. The findings of these studies are summarized in the following table:

Table 5 Effects on steady-state fexofenadine pharmacokinetics after 7 days of co-administration with Xergic 120 mg every 12 hours in healthy adult subjects (n=24)
Concomitant Drug CmaxSS

(Peak plasma concentration)

AUCss(0-12h)

(Extent of systemic exposure)

Erythromycin

(500 mg every 8 hrs)

+82% +109%
Ketoconazole

(400 mg once daily)

+135% +164%

The changes in plasma levels were within the range of plasma levels achieved in adequate and well-controlled clinical trials.

The mechanism of these interactions has been evaluated in in vitro, in situ, and in vivo animal models. These studies indicate that ketoconazole or erythromycin co-administration enhances fexofenadine gastrointestinal absorption. This observed increase in the bioavailability of fexofenadine may be due to transport-related effects, such as p-glycoprotein. In vivo animal studies also suggest that in addition to enhancing absorption, ketoconazole decreases fexofenadine gastrointestinal secretion, while erythromycin may also decrease biliary excretion.

7.3 Fruit Juices

Fruit juices such as grapefruit, orange and apple may reduce the bioavailability and exposure of fexofenadine. This is based on the results from 3 clinical studies using histamine induced skin wheals and flares coupled with population pharmacokinetic analysis. The size of wheal and flare were significantly larger when Xergic was administered with either grapefruit or orange juices compared to water. Based on the literature reports, the same effects may be extrapolated to other fruit juices such as apple juice. The clinical significance of these observations is unknown. In addition, based on the population pharmacokinetics analysis of the combined data from grapefruit and orange juices studies with the data from a bioequivalence study, the bioavailability of fexofenadine was reduced by 36%. Therefore, to maximize the effects of fexofenadine, it is recommended that Xergic tablets should be taken with water.

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8 USE IN SPECIFIC POPULATIONS

- Pregnancy: Use only if benefit justifies risk to fetus

- Nursing Mothers: Use with caution(8.3)

8.1 Pregnancy

Teratogenic Effects: Pregnancy Category C. There was no evidence of teratogenicity in rats or rabbits at oral doses of terfenadine up to 300 mg/kg (which led to fexofenadine exposures that were approximately 4 and 30 times, respectively, the exposure at the maximum recommended human daily oral dose of 180 mg of Xergic based on comparison of AUCs).

In mice, no adverse effects and no teratogenic effects during gestation were observed with Xergic at oral doses up to 3730 mg/kg (which led to fexofenadine exposures that were approximately 15 times the exposure at the maximum recommended human daily oral dose of 180 mg of Xergic based on comparison of AUCs).

There are no adequate and well controlled studies in pregnant women. Xergic should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus.

Nonteratogenic Effects: Dose-related decreases in pup weight gain and survival were observed in rats exposed to an oral dose of 150 mg/kg of terfenadine (which led to fexofenadine exposures that were approximately 3 times the exposure at the maximum recommended human daily oral dose of 180 mg of Xergic based on comparison of AUCs).

8.3 Nursing Mothers

It is not known if fexofenadine is excreted in human milk. There are no adequate and well-controlled studies in women during lactation. Because many drugs are excreted in human milk, caution should be exercised when Xergic is administered to a nursing woman.

8.4 Pediatric Use

The recommended doses of Xergic in pediatric patients 6 months to 11 years of age are based on cross-study comparison of the pharmacokinetics of fexofenadine in adults and pediatric subjects and on the safety profile of Xergic in both adult and pediatric subjects at doses equal to or higher than the recommended doses. The safety and effectiveness of Xergic in pediatric patients under 6 months of age have not been established.

The safety of Xergic is based on the administration of Xergic tablets at a dose of 30 mg twice daily demonstrated in 438 pediatric subjects 6 years to 11 years of age in 2 placebo-controlled 2-week seasonal allergic rhinitis trials. The safety of Xergic at doses of 15 mg and 30 mg given once and twice a day has been demonstrated in 969 pediatric subjects with allergic rhinitis in 3 pharmacokinetic studies and 3 safety studies. The safety of Xergic for the treatment of chronic idiopathic urticaria in subjects 6 months to 11 years of age is based on cross-study comparison of the pharmacokinetics of Xergic in adult and pediatric subjects and on the safety profile of fexofenadine in both adult and pediatric subjects at doses equal to or higher than the recommended dose.

The effectiveness of Xergic for the treatment of seasonal allergic rhinitis in subjects 6 to 11 years of age was demonstrated in 1 trial (n=411) in which Xergic tablets 30 mg twice daily significantly reduced total symptom scores compared to placebo, along with extrapolation of demonstrated efficacy in subjects aged 12 years and above, and the pharmacokinetic comparisons in adults and children. The effectiveness of Xergic 30 mg twice daily for the treatment of seasonal allergic rhinitis in patients 2 to 5 years of age is based on the pharmacokinetic comparisons in adult and pediatric subjects and an extrapolation of the demonstrated efficacy of Xergic in adult subjects with this condition and the likelihood that the disease course, pathophysiology, and the drug's effect are substantially similar in pediatric patients to those in adult patients. The effectiveness of Xergic for the treatment of chronic idiopathic urticaria in patients 6 months to 11 years of age is based on the pharmacokinetic comparisons in adults and children and an extrapolation of the demonstrated efficacy of Xergic in adults with this condition and the likelihood that the disease course, pathophysiology and the drug's effect are substantially similar in children to that of adult patients. Administration of a 15 mg dose of Xergic to pediatric subjects 6 months to less than 2 years of age and a 30 mg dose to pediatric subjects 2 to 11 years of age produced exposures comparable to those seen with a dose of 60 mg administered to adults.

8.5 Geriatric Use

Clinical studies of Xergic tablets and capsules did not include sufficient numbers of subjects aged 65 years and over to determine whether this population responds differently from younger subjects. Other reported clinical experience has not identified differences in responses between the geriatric and younger subjects. This drug is known to be substantially excreted by the kidney, and the risk of toxic reactions to this drug may be greater in patients with impaired renal function. Because elderly patients are more likely to have decreased renal function, care should be taken in dose selection, and it may be useful to monitor renal function.

8.6 Renal Impairment

Based on increases in bioavailability and half-life, a dose of 60 mg once daily is recommended as the starting dose in adult patients with decreased renal function. For pediatric patients with decreased renal function (mild, moderate or severe renal impairment), the recommended starting dose of fexofenadine is 30 mg once daily for patients 2 to 11 years of age and 15 mg once daily for patients 6 months to less than 2 years of age.

8.7 Hepatic Impairment

The pharmacokinetics of Xergic in subjects with hepatic impairment did not differ substantially from that observed in healthy subjects.

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10 OVERDOSAGE

Dizziness, drowsiness, and dry mouth have been reported with Xergic overdose. Single doses of Xergic up to 800 mg (6 healthy subjects at this dose level), and doses up to 690 mg twice daily for 1 month (3 healthy subjects at this dose level) or 240 mg once daily for 1 year (234 healthy subjects at this dose level) were administered without the development of clinically significant adverse events as compared to placebo.

In the event of overdose, consider standard measures to remove any unabsorbed drug. Symptomatic and supportive treatment is recommended. Following administration of terfenadine, hemodialysis did not effectively remove fexofenadine, the major active metabolite of terfenadine, from blood (up to 1.7% removed).

No deaths occurred at oral doses of Xergic up to 5000 mg/kg in mice (110 times the maximum recommended daily oral dose in adults and children based on mg/m2) and up to 5000 mg/kg in rats (230 times the maximum recommended daily oral dose in adults and 210 times the maximum recommended daily oral dose in children based on mg/m2). Additionally, no clinical signs of toxicity or gross pathological findings were observed. In dogs, no evidence of toxicity was observed at oral doses up to 2000 mg/kg (300 times the maximum recommended daily oral dose in adults and 280 times the maximum recommended daily oral dose in children based on mg/m2).

11 DESCRIPTION

Xergic, the active ingredient of Xergic tablets, is a histamine H1-receptor antagonist with the chemical name (±)-4-[1 hydroxy-4-[4-(hydroxydiphenylmethyl)-1-piperidinyl]-butyl]-α, α-dimethyl benzeneacetic acid hydrochloride. It has the following chemical structure

The molecular weight is 538.13 and the empirical formula is C32H39NO4-HCl.

Xergic is a white to off-white crystalline powder. It is freely soluble in methanol and ethanol, slightly soluble in chloroform and water, and insoluble in hexane. Xergic is a racemate and exists as a zwitterion in aqueous media at physiological pH.

Xergic is formulated as a tablet for oral administration. Each tablet contains 30, 60, or 180 mg Xergic (depending on the dosage strength) and the following excipients: colloidal silicon dioxide, corn starch, croscarmellose sodium, magnesium stearate, mannitol, and powder cellulose. The aqueous tablet film coating is made from (Opadry Pink 03B54504) containing FD&C Red no. 40, hypromellose 2910 6cP, iron oxide black, polyethylene glycol 400 and titanium dioxide.

Xergic structural formula Chemical Structure

12 CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY

12.1 Mechanism of Action

Xergic, the major active metabolite of terfenadine, is an antihistamine with selective H1-receptor antagonist activity. Both enantiomers of Xergic displayed approximately equipotent antihistaminic effects. Xergic inhibited antigen-induced bronchospasm in sensitized guinea pigs and histamine release from peritoneal mast cells in rats. The clinical significance of these findings is unknown. In laboratory animals, no anticholinergic or alpha1-adrenergic blocking effects were observed. Moreover, no sedative or other central nervous system effects were observed. Radiolabeled tissue distribution studies in rats indicated that fexofenadine does not cross the blood-brain barrier.

12.2 Pharmacodynamics

Wheal and Flare: Human histamine skin wheal and flare studies in adults following single and twice daily doses of 20 and 40 mg Xergic demonstrated that the drug exhibits an antihistamine effect by 1 hour, achieves maximum effect at 2 to 3 hours, and an effect is still seen at 12 hours. There was no evidence of tolerance to these effects after 28 days of dosing. The clinical significance of these observations is unknown.

Histamine skin wheal and flare studies in 7 to 12 year old subjects showed that following a single dose of 30 or 60 mg, antihistamine effect was observed at 1 hour and reached a maximum by 3 hours. Greater than 49% inhibition of wheal area, and 74% inhibition of flare area were maintained for 8 hours following the 30 and 60 mg dose.

No statistically significant increase in mean QTc interval compared to placebo was observed in 714 adult subjects with seasonal allergic rhinitis given Xergic capsules in doses of 60 to 240 mg twice daily for 2 weeks. Pediatric subjects from 2 placebo- controlled trials treated with up to 60 mg Xergic twice daily demonstrated no significant treatment- or dose-related increases in QTc. In addition, no statistically significant increase in mean QTc interval compared to placebo was observed in 40 healthy adult subjects given Xergic as an oral solution at doses up to 400 mg twice daily for 6 days, or in 230 healthy adult subjects given Xergic 240 mg once daily for 1 year. In subjects with chronic idiopathic urticaria, there were no clinically relevant differences for any ECG intervals, including QTc, between those treated with Xergic 180 mg once daily (n = 163) and those treated with placebo (n = 91) for 4 weeks.

12.3 Pharmacokinetics

The pharmacokinetics of Xergic in subjects with seasonal allergic rhinitis and subjects with chronic urticaria were similar to those in healthy subjects.

Absorption:

Xergic Tablets: Xergic was absorbed following oral administration of a single dose of two 60 mg capsules to healthy male subjects with a mean time to maximum plasma concentration occurring at 2.6 hours post-dose. After administration of a single 60 mg capsule to healthy adult subjects, the mean maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) was 131 ng/mL. Following single dose oral administrations of either the 60 and 180 mg tablet to healthy adult male subjects, mean Cmax were 142 and 494 ng/mL, respectively. The tablet formulations are bioequivalent to the capsule when administered at equal doses. Xergic pharmacokinetics are linear for oral doses up to a total daily dose of 240 mg (120 mg twice daily). The administration of the 60 mg capsule contents mixed with applesauce did not have a significant effect on the pharmacokinetics of fexofenadine in adults. Co-administration of 180 mg Xergic tablet with a high fat meal decreased the mean area under the curve (AUC) and (Cmax) of fexofenadine by 21 and 20% respectively.

Distribution:

Xergic is 60% to 70% bound to plasma proteins, primarily albumin and α1-acid glycoprotein.

Metabolism:

Approximately 5% of the total dose of Xergic was eliminated by hepatic metabolism.

Elimination:

The mean elimination half-life of fexofenadine was 14.4 hours following administration of 60 mg twice daily in healthy adult subjects. Human mass balance studies documented a recovery of approximately 80% and 11% of the [14C] Xergic dose in the feces and urine, respectively. Because the absolute bioavailability of Xergic has not been established, it is unknown if the fecal component represents primarily unabsorbed drug or is the result of biliary excretion.

Special Populations:

Pharmacokinetics in renally and hepatically impaired subjects and geriatric subjects, obtained after a single dose of 80 mg Xergic, were compared to those from healthy subjects in a separate study of similar design.

Renally Impaired:

In subjects with mild to moderate (creatinine clearance 41-80 mL/min) and severe (creatinine clearance 11-40 mL/min) renal impairment, peak plasma concentrations of fexofenadine were 87% and 111% greater, respectively, and mean elimination half-lives were 59% and 72% longer, respectively, than observed in healthy subjects. Peak plasma concentrations in subjects on dialysis (creatinine clearance ≤10 mL/min) were 82% greater and half-life was 31% longer than observed in healthy subjects. Based on increases in bioavailability and half-life, a dose of 60 mg once daily is recommended as the starting dose in adult patients with decreased renal function. For pediatric patients with decreased renal function, the recommended starting dose of fexofenadine is 30 mg once daily for patients 2 to 11 years of age and 15 mg once daily for patients 6 months to less than 2 years of age.

Hepatically Impaired:

The pharmacokinetics of Xergic in subjects with hepatic impairment did not differ substantially from that observed in healthy subjects.

Geriatric Subjects:

In older subjects (≥65 years old), peak plasma levels of fexofenadine were 99% greater than those observed in younger subjects (<65 years old). Mean fexofenadine elimination half-lives were similar to those observed in younger subjects.

Pediatric Subjects:

A population pharmacokinetic analysis was performed with data from 77 pediatric subjects (6 months to 12 years of age) with allergic rhinitis and 136 adult subjects. The individual apparent oral clearance estimates of fexofenadine were on average 44% and 36% lower in pediatric subjects 6 to 12 years (n=14) and 2 to 5 years of age (n=21), respectively, compared to adult subjects.

Administration of a 15 mg dose of Xergic to pediatric subjects 6 months to less than 2 years of age and a 30 mg dose to pediatric subjects 2 to 11 years of age produced exposures comparable to those seen with a dose of 60 mg administered to adults.

Effect of Gender:

Across several trials, no clinically significant gender-related differences were observed in the pharmacokinetics of Xergic.

13 NONCLINICAL TOXICOLOGY

13.1 Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment of Fertility

The carcinogenic potential of fexofenadine was assessed using terfenadine studies with adequate fexofenadine exposure. No evidence of carcinogenicity was observed in an 18-month study in mice and in a 24-month study in rats at oral doses up to 150 mg/kg of terfenadine (which led to fexofenadine exposures that were approximately 3 and 5 times the exposure at the maximum recommended daily oral dose of Xergic in adults [180 mg] and children [60 mg] respectively).

In in vitro (Bacterial Reverse Mutation, CHO/HGPRT Forward Mutation, and Rat Lymphocyte Chromosomal Aberration assays) and in vivo (Mouse Bone Marrow Micronucleus assay) tests, Xergic revealed no evidence of mutagenicity.

In rat fertility studies, dose-related reductions in implants and increases in postimplantation losses were observed at an oral dose of 150 mg/kg of terfenadine (which led to fexofenadine exposures that were approximately 3 times the exposure at the maximum recommended human daily oral dose of 180 mg of Xergic based on comparison of AUCs). In mice, Xergic produced no effect on male or female fertility at average oral doses up to 4438 mg/kg (which led to fexofenadine exposures that were approximately 13 times the exposure at the maximum recommended human daily oral dose of 180 mg of Xergic based on comparison of AUCs).

13.2 Animal Toxicology and/or Pharmacology

In dogs (30 mg/kg/orally twice daily for 5 days) and rabbits (10 mg/kg, intravenously over 1 hour), Xergic did not prolong QTc. In dogs, the plasma fexofenadine concentration was approximately 9 times the therapeutic plasma concentrations in adults receiving the maximum recommended human daily oral dose of 180 mg. In rabbits, the plasma fexofenadine concentration was approximately 20 times the therapeutic plasma concentration in adults receiving the maximum recommended human daily oral dose of 180 mg. No effect was observed on calcium channel current, delayed K+ channel current, or action potential duration in guinea pig myocytes, or on the delayed rectifier K+ channel cloned from human heart at concentrations up to 1 × 10-5 M of fexofenadine.

14 CLINICAL STUDIES

14.1 Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis

Adults: In three 2-week, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials in subjects 12 to 68 years of age with seasonal allergic rhinitis, Xergic 60 mg twice daily significantly reduced total symptom scores (the sum of the individual scores for sneezing, rhinorrhea, itchy nose/palate/throat, itchy/watery/red eyes) compared to placebo. Statistically significant reductions in symptom scores were observed following the first 60 mg dose, with the effect maintained throughout the 12-hour interval. In these studies, there was no additional reduction in total symptom scores with higher doses of Xergic up to 240 mg twice daily.

In one 2-week, multicenter, randomized, double-blind clinical trial in subjects 12 to 65 years of age with seasonal allergic rhinitis (n=863), Xergic 180 mg once daily significantly reduced total symptom scores (the sum of the individual scores for sneezing, rhinorrhea, itchy nose/palate/throat, itchy/watery/red eyes) compared to placebo. Although the number of subjects in some of the subgroups was small, there were no significant differences in the effect of Xergic across subgroups of subjects defined by gender, age, and race. Onset of action for reduction in total symptom scores, excluding nasal congestion, was observed at 60 minutes compared to placebo following a single 60 mg Xergic dose administered to subjects with seasonal allergic rhinitis who were exposed to ragweed pollen in an environmental exposure unit. In 1 clinical trial conducted with Xergic 60 mg capsules, and in 1 clinical trial conducted with fexofenadine hydrochloride-D 12 Hour extended release tablets, onset of action was seen within 1 to 3 hours.

Pediatrics: Two 2-week, multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trials in 877 pediatric subjects 6 to 11 years of age with seasonal allergic rhinitis were conducted at doses of 15, 30, and 60 mg (tablets) twice daily. In 1 of these 2 studies, conducted in 411 pediatric subjects, all 3 doses of Xergic significantly reduced total symptom scores (the sum of the individual scores for sneezing, rhinorrhea, itchy nose/palate/throat, itchy/watery/red eyes) compared to placebo, however, a dose-response relationship was not seen. The 60 mg twice daily dose did not provide any additional benefit over the 30 mg twice daily dose in pediatric subjects 6 to 11 years of age. Administration of a 30 mg dose to pediatric subjects 2 to 11 years of age produced exposures comparable to those seen with a dose of 60 mg administered to adults..

14.2 Chronic Idiopathic Urticaria

Two 4-week, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trials compared four different doses of Xergic tablet (20, 60, 120, and 240 mg twice daily) to placebo in subjects aged 12 to 70 years with chronic idiopathic urticaria (n=726). Efficacy was demonstrated by a significant reduction in mean pruritus scores (MPS), mean number of wheals (MNW), and mean total symptom scores (MTSS, the sum of the MPS and MNW score). Although all 4 doses were significantly superior to placebo, symptom reduction was greater and efficacy was maintained over the entire 4-week treatment period with Xergic doses of ≥60 mg twice daily. However, no additional benefit of the 120 or 240 mg Xergic twice daily dose was seen over the 60 mg twice daily dose in reducing symptom scores. There were no significant differences in the effect of Xergic across subgroups of subjects defined by gender, age, weight, and race.

In one 4-week, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial in subjects 12 years of age and older with chronic idiopathic urticaria (n=259), Xergic 180 mg once daily significantly reduced the mean number of wheals (MNW), the mean pruritus score (MPS), and the mean total symptom score (MTSS, the sum of the MPS and MNW scores). Similar reductions were observed for mean number of wheals and mean pruritus score at the end of the 24-hour dosing interval. Symptom reduction was greater with fexofenadine hydrochloride180 mg than with placebo. Improvement was demonstrated within 1 day of treatment with Xergic 180 mg and was maintained over the entire 4week treatment period. There were no significant differences in the effect of Xergic across subgroups of subjects defined by gender, age, and race.

16 HOW SUPPLIED/STORAGE AND HANDLING

16.1 Xergic tablets

Xergic tablets, 180 mg are pink colored, oval, beveled edged, biconvex tablets debossed “194” on one side and “R” on the other side, and are supplied in bottles of 20 (49999-0771-20) 30 (49999-0771-30) 90 (49999-0771-90).

Store Xergic tablets at controlled room temperature 20° to 25°C (68°-77°F). Foil-backed blister packs containing Xergic tablets should be protected from excessive moisture.

17 PATIENT COUNSELING INFORMATION

Provide the following information to patients and parents/caregivers of pediatric patients taking Xergic tablets:


For Xergic tablets: Advise patients to take the Xergic tablets with water.

Rx only

Manufactured by:

Dr. Reddy's Laboratories Limited

Bachepalli – 502 325 INDIA

Repackaged by

Quality Care Products, LLC

Xergic pharmaceutical active ingredients containing related brand and generic drugs:

Active ingredient is the part of the drug or medicine which is biologically active. This portion of the drug is responsible for the main action of the drug which is intended to cure or reduce the symptom or disease. The other portions of the drug which are inactive are called excipients; there role is to act as vehicle or binder. In contrast to active ingredient, the inactive ingredient's role is not significant in the cure or treatment of the disease. There can be one or more active ingredients in a drug.


Xergic available forms, composition, doses:

Form of the medicine is the form in which the medicine is marketed in the market, for example, a medicine X can be in the form of capsule or the form of chewable tablet or the form of tablet. Sometimes same medicine can be available as injection form. Each medicine cannot be in all forms but can be marketed in 1, 2, or 3 forms which the pharmaceutical company decided based on various background research results.
Composition is the list of ingredients which combinedly form a medicine. Both active ingredients and inactive ingredients form the composition. The active ingredient gives the desired therapeutic effect whereas the inactive ingredient helps in making the medicine stable.
Doses are various strengths of the medicine like 10mg, 20mg, 30mg and so on. Each medicine comes in various doses which is decided by the manufacturer, that is, pharmaceutical company. The dose is decided on the severity of the symptom or disease.


Xergic destination | category:

Destination is defined as the organism to which the drug or medicine is targeted. For most of the drugs what we discuss, human is the drug destination.
Drug category can be defined as major classification of the drug. For example, an antihistaminic or an antipyretic or anti anginal or pain killer, anti-inflammatory or so.


Xergic Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical codes:

A medicine is classified depending on the organ or system it acts [Anatomical], based on what result it gives on what disease, symptom [Therapeutical], based on chemical composition [Chemical]. It is called as ATC code. The code is based on Active ingredients of the medicine. A medicine can have different codes as sometimes it acts on different organs for different indications. Same way, different brands with same active ingredients and same indications can have same ATC code.


Xergic pharmaceutical companies:

Pharmaceutical companies are drug manufacturing companies that help in complete development of the drug from the background research to formation, clinical trials, release of the drug into the market and marketing of the drug.
Researchers are the persons who are responsible for the scientific research and is responsible for all the background clinical trials that resulted in the development of the drug.


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References

  1. Dailymed."FEXOFENADINE HYDROCHLORIDE TABLET [LAKE ERIE MEDICAL & SURGICAL SUPPLY DBA QUALITY CARE PRODUCTS LLC]". https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailym... (accessed August 28, 2018).
  2. "fexofenadine". https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/co... (accessed August 28, 2018).
  3. "fexofenadine". http://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB0095... (accessed August 28, 2018).

Frequently asked Questions

Can i drive or operate heavy machine after consuming Xergic?

Depending on the reaction of the Xergic after taken, if you are feeling dizziness, drowsiness or any weakness as a reaction on your body, Then consider Xergic not safe to drive or operate heavy machine after consumption. Meaning that, do not drive or operate heavy duty machines after taking the capsule if the capsule has a strange reaction on your body like dizziness, drowsiness. As prescribed by a pharmacist, it is dangerous to take alcohol while taking medicines as it exposed patients to drowsiness and health risk. Please take note of such effect most especially when taking Primosa capsule. It's advisable to consult your doctor on time for a proper recommendation and medical consultations.

Is Xergic addictive or habit forming?

Medicines are not designed with the mind of creating an addiction or abuse on the health of the users. Addictive Medicine is categorically called Controlled substances by the government. For instance, Schedule H or X in India and schedule II-V in the US are controlled substances.

Please consult the medicine instruction manual on how to use and ensure it is not a controlled substance.In conclusion, self medication is a killer to your health. Consult your doctor for a proper prescription, recommendation, and guidiance.

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Review

sdrugs.com conducted a study on Xergic, and the result of the survey is set out below. It is noteworthy that the product of the survey is based on the perception and impressions of the visitors of the website as well as the views of Xergic consumers. We, as a result of this, advice that you do not base your therapeutic or medical decisions on this result, but rather consult your certified medical experts for their recommendations.

Visitor reports

Visitor reported useful

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Visitor reported side effects

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Visitor reported frequency of use

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Visitor reported doses

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Visitor reported time for results

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Visitor reported administration

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One visitor reported age

Visitors%
6-151
100.0%

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The information was verified by Dr. Rachana Salvi, MD Pharmacology

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