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DRUGS & SUPPLEMENTS
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Torfan
What is the dose of the medication you are taking? |
Torfan uses
Torfan consists of Carbinoxamine Maleate, Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide, Guaifenesin.Carbinoxamine Maleate:
Torfan (Carbinoxamine Maleate) is a first generation antihistamine that competes with free histamine for binding at HA-receptor sites. This antagonizes the effects of histamine on HA-receptors, leading to a reduction of the negative symptoms brought on by histamine HA-receptor binding. The product label for Torfan (Carbinoxamine Maleate) as an over the counter cough and cold medicine is being modified to state “do not use” in children under 4 years of age in order to prevent and reduce misuse, as many unapproved carbinoxamine-containing preparations contained inappropriate labeling, which promoted unapproved uses (including management of congestion, cough, the common cold, and the use in children under 2 years of age), which can potentially cause serious health risks.
Indication: For symptomatic relief of seasonal and perennial allergic rhinitis and vasomotor rhinitis, as well as allergic conjunctivitis caused by foods and inhaled allergens. Also for the relief of allergic reactions to blood or plasma, and the symptomatic management of mild, uncomplicated allergic skin manifestations of urticaria and angioedema.
Torfan (Carbinoxamine Maleate) is a first generation antihistamine of the ethanolamine class. Ethanolamine antihistamines have significant antimuscarinic activity and produce marked sedation in most patients. In addition to the usual allergic symptoms, the drug also treats irritant cough and nausea, vomiting, and vertigo associated with motion sickness. It also is used commonly to treat drug-induced extrapyramidal symptoms as well as to treat mild cases of Parkinson's disease. Rather than preventing the release of histamine, as do cromolyn and nedocromil, Torfan (Carbinoxamine Maleate) competes with free histamine for binding at HA-receptor sites. Torfan (Carbinoxamine Maleate) competitively antagonizes the effects of histamine on HA-receptors in the GI tract, uterus, large blood vessels, and bronchial muscle. Ethanolamine derivatives have greater anticholinergic activity than do other antihistamines, which probably accounts for the antidyskinetic action of Torfan (Carbinoxamine Maleate).
Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide:
Pharmacological action
Torfan is an antitussive medication. Inhibiting the excitability of the cough center this medicine suppresses the cough of any origin. Torfan (Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide) has not addiction effects and it has no analgesic and hypnotic action. Torfan (Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide) starts to act after 10-30 minutes after oral administration, the duration of therapeutic action: 5-6 hours for adults and 6-9 hours for children. Torfan (Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide) is an optical isomer of levomethorphan which is similar to morphine. Due to optical isomerism this drug has no opioid effects. Torfan (Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide) used mainly for replacement of codeine as a cough suppressant. In addition to the cough suppressant this medication is used in medicine for diagnostic purposes and may be useful in various cases - from seizures to heroin addiction treatment, some chronic neurodegenerative diseases. These include amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) (Charcot's disease), disease of "mad cow and other prion diseases. Torfan (Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide) has also been used for the treatment of mental retardation, Parkinson's disease, in the treatment of lung and other cancers and to prevent tissue rejection in transplantation because of the (poorly known) effects of sigma ligands on tumor cells and immune system.
Pharmacokinetics
After oral administration Torfan (Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide) is completely absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Cmax of Torfan (Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide) in plasma is reached after 2 h. This medication biotransformes in the liver. Up to 45% of this drug is excreted by kidneys and there was considerable individual variation in rates of excretion of individual metabolites.
Why is Torfan prescribed?
Dry cough of different etiology.
Dosage and administration
For adults and children over 12 years Torfan prescribed on 15 mg 4 times / day, children aged 6 years - 7.5 mg 4 times / day.
Torfan (Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide) side effects, adverse reactions
Drowsiness, nausea, dizziness.
Torfan contraindications
Bronchial asthma, bronchitis, simultaneous reception of mucolytic.
Using during pregnancy and breastfeeding
During pregnancy and lactation (breastfeeding) Torfan (Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide) prescribed with caution, only in cases where the expected therapeutic effect for the mother outweighs the potential risk to the fetus or child.
Special instructions
With carefully administered Torfan (Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide) with impaired liver function.
Torfan drug interactions
MAO inhibitors (including furazolidone, procarbazine, selegiline) when administered simultaneous with Torfan (Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide) may cause adrenergic crisis, collapse, coma, dizziness, agitation, increased blood pressure, hyperpyrexia, intracranial hemorrhage, lethargy, nausea, cramps, tremor. In combination with tricyclic antidepressants (amitriptyline, etc.) Torfan (Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide) may appeal serotonin syndrome and possible subsequent death. Amiodarone, fluoxetine, quinidine, inhibiting system cytochrome P450, may increase the drug concentration in the blood. Tobacco smoke can lead to increased secretion of glands in the background of inhibition of cough reflex. Some inhibitors of CYP450 (such as quinidine) increase and extended effects of this medicine.
Torfan in case of emergency / overdose
Symptoms: excitement, dizziness, respiratory depression, impaired consciousness, decreased blood pressure, tachycardia, muscle hypertonicity, ataxia.
Treatment: mechanical ventilation, symptomatic agents.
Guaifenesin:
An expectorant that also has some muscle relaxing action. It is used in many cough preparations.
Indication: Used to assist the expectoration of phlegm from the airways in acute respiratory tract infections.
Torfan (Guaifenesin) is an expectorant which increases the output of phlegm (sputum) and bronchial secretions by reducing adhesiveness and surface tension. The increased flow of less viscous secretions promotes ciliary action and changes a dry, unproductive cough to one that is more productive and less frequent. By reducing the viscosity and adhesiveness of secretions, Torfan (Guaifenesin) increases the efficacy of the mucociliary mechanism in removing accumulated secretions from the upper and lower airway.
Torfan pharmaceutical active ingredients containing related brand and generic drugs:
Torfan available forms, composition, doses:
Composition is the list of ingredients which combinedly form a medicine. Both active ingredients and inactive ingredients form the composition. The active ingredient gives the desired therapeutic effect whereas the inactive ingredient helps in making the medicine stable.
Doses are various strengths of the medicine like 10mg, 20mg, 30mg and so on. Each medicine comes in various doses which is decided by the manufacturer, that is, pharmaceutical company. The dose is decided on the severity of the symptom or disease.