Toose

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Toose uses

• Pharmacological action
• Pharmacokinetics
• Why is Toose Pharmaniaga prescribed?
• Dosage and administration
• Toose Pharmaniaga side effects, adverse reactions
• Toose Pharmaniaga contraindications
• Using during pregnancy and breastfeeding
• Special instructions
• Toose Pharmaniaga drug interactions
• Toose Pharmaniaga in case of emergency / overdose
• Toose reviews

Pharmacological action

Toose Pharmaniaga is a synthetic antimicrobial drug with broad spectrum bactericidal action. Toose has a bacteriostatic action, which is associated with inhibition of recycling process of PABA and a violation dihydrofolic acid's synthesis in bacterial cells. Trimethoprim inhibits the enzyme that is involved in the metabolism of folic acid converting dihydrofolate to tetrahydrofolate. Thus it is blocked two successive stages of the biosynthesis of purines and therefore nucleic acids that are essential for growth and reproduction of bacteria. High concentrations created in the tissues of the lung, kidney, prostate, cerebrospinal fluid, bile, bones.

Toose is active against gram-positive bacteria: Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus spp. (including Streptococcus pneumoniae), Corynebacterium diphtheriae; gram-negative bacteria: Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Escherichia coli, Shigella spp., Salmonella spp., Proteus spp., Enterobacter spp., Klebsiella spp., Yersinia spp., Vibrio cholerae, Haemophilus influenzae; anaerobic asporogenous bacteria - Bacteroides spp. Toose is active also against Chlamydia spp.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Treponema spp., Mycoplasma spp., Mycobacterium tuberculosis and also viruses and fungi are resistant to Toose.

Pharmacokinetics

After oral administration Toose Pharmaniaga is rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Meal slows their absorption. Widely distributed in tissues and body fluids. The binding of trimethoprim to plasma proteins is 50%, Toose - 66%. T1/2 of trimethoprim is 8.6-17 hours, Toose - 9-11 hours. Trimethoprim is excreted in the urine in unchanged form (50%) and as metabolites. Toose also excreted in the urine, mainly unchanged.

Why is Toose Pharmaniaga prescribed?

Infectious-inflammatory diseases caused by sensitive to Toose microorganisms: respiratory tract infections ; urinary tract infections (including gonococcal urethritis), cystitis, pyelonephritis, prostatitis; gastrointestinal infections (including enteritis, typhoid, paratyphoid, dysentery, cholecystitis, cholangitis); infections of skin and soft tissue (including pyoderma, furunculosis, wound infection), septicemia, brucellosis.

Dosage and administration

Individual. Doses of Toose Pharmaniaga are given on the basis of Toose. For oral administration for adults and children older than 12 years the average dose is 0.4-2 g every 12 hours (2 times / day), course of treatment - 5-14 days. Orally for children aged 2-5 months - 100 mg 2 times / day; 1-2 years - 100 mg 2 times / day; 3-6 years - 200 mg 2 times / day; 6-12 years at 200-400 mg 2 times / day.

Parenterally administered only in the absence of the possibility of oral administration. IM for adults and children over 12 years - 800 mg every 12 hours; for children aged 6-12 years - 30 mg / kg / day, interval between each dose - 12 hours.

If necessary prescribed IV as drops at 0.8-1.6 g every 12 hours (2 times / day) within 5 days. For children aged 6-12 years are prescribed at 15 mg / kg every 12 hours. Average duration of Toose Pharmaniaga injection - 30-60 minutes but no more than 1.5 hours. The course of treatment is average 5 days, then if necessary go to oral administration. The maximum oral daily dose for adults is 3.6 g.

Toose Pharmaniaga side effects, adverse reactions

Digestive system: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, glossitis, pseudomembranous colitis, cholestatic hepatitis.

Allergic reactions: skin rash, angioedema, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, Lyell's syndrome.

Hemopoietic system: leukopenia, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, agranulocytosis, megaloblastic anemia.

Urinary system: crystalluria, hematuria, interstitial nephritis.

Local reactions: phlebitis.

Other: purpura, impaired thyroid function.

Toose Pharmaniaga contraindications

Expressed disorders of liver and kidney function, blood diseases, deficiency of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, pregnancy, lactation (breastfeeding), hypersensitivity to sulfonamides and trimethoprim.

Using during pregnancy and breastfeeding

Sulfonamides and trimethoprim cross the placenta and excreted in breast milk. They can cause the development of kernicterus and hemolytic anemia in the fetus and newborn. In addition increases the risk of fatty liver in pregnant women. Therefore the use of Toose in pregnancy is contraindicated. If necessary using of Toose during lactation breastfeeding should be discontinued.

Special instructions

With careful use of Toose in patients with a possible deficiency of folic acid, in allergic reactions in anamnesis, bronchial asthma, disorders of liver, kidney, thyroid gland. When long treatment should be systematically study the peripheral blood, the functional state of liver and kidney.

Elderly patients are recommended the appointment of additional folic acid. During Toose treatment should be ensured adequate water pressure.

If the kidney function disorders the dose should be reduced and the intervals between doses increased.

The risk of adverse reactions is increased in elderly patients and patients with AIDS.

When parenteral administration of Toose Pharmaniaga in patients with renal insufficiency should determine the concentration of Toose in blood plasma every 2-3 days before the regular IM injection. In concentration of 150 ug / ml the treatment should be discontinued until the concentration drops to 120 mcg / ml.

Toose Pharmaniaga drug interactions

With the simultaneous application of Toose effect of anticoagulants of indirect action is greatly enhanced due to slow inactivation of the latter, as well as their release from binding with plasma proteins.

In an application with some sulfonylureas may increase hypoglycemic effect which is associated with an increased concentration of free fraction of Toose.

The simultaneous use of Toose and methotrexate may increase the toxicity of the latter (in particular to the appearance of pancytopenia) due to its release from binding to plasma proteins.

Influenced butadion, indomethacin, naproxen, salicylates and other NSAIDs may increase the action Toose with the development of undesirable effects, since there release of active substances from binding with blood proteins and increase their concentration.

Simultaneous treatment with diuretics and Toose increases the risk of thrombocytopenia caused by the latter especially in elderly patients.

In the case of co-administration chloridine with Toose Pharmaniaga antimicrobial effect is enhanced because chloridine inhibits the formation of tetrahydrofolic acid required for the synthesis of nucleic acids and proteins. In turn sulfonamides inhibit the formation of dihydrofolic acid, a precursor of tetrahydrofolic acid. This combination is widely used in the treatment of toxoplasmosis.

Absorption of Toose at their joint reception with cholestyramine decreases the formation of insoluble complexes, which leads to a decrease in their concentration in the blood.

Toose Pharmaniaga in case of emergency / overdose

Symptoms: anorexia, nausea, vomiting, weakness, abdominal pain, headache, drowsiness, hematuria and crystalluria.

Treatment: gastric lavage, fluid management, correction of electrolyte imbalance. If necessary - hemodialysis.

For chronic overdosage is characterized bone marrow suppression (pancytopenia). Treatment and prevention: the appointment of folic acid (5-15 mg daily).

Toose pharmaceutical active ingredients containing related brand and generic drugs:

• Sulfamethoxazole
• Trimethoprim

Toose available forms, composition, doses:

• N/A

Toose destination | category:

• Human:
• Antibacterial combinations
• Sulfonamides
• Topical sulfonamides used in the treatment of dermatological diseases
• Urinary anti-infectives

Toose Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical codes:

• J01EE01 - Sulfamethoxazole and Trimethoprim

Toose pharmaceutical companies:

• Juventus

References

1. Dailymed."TRIMETHOPRIM TABLET [TEVA PHARMACEUTICALS USA, INC.]". https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailym... (accessed August 28, 2018).
2. Dailymed."SULFAMETHOXAZOLE: DailyMed provides trustworthy information about marketed drugs in the United States. DailyMed is the official provider of FDA label information (package inserts).". https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailym... (accessed August 28, 2018).
3. Dailymed."POLYMYXIN B SULFATE; TRIMETHOPRIM SULFATE: DailyMed provides trustworthy information about marketed drugs in the United States. DailyMed is the official provider of FDA label information (package inserts).". https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailym... (accessed August 28, 2018).

Frequently asked Questions

Can i drive or operate heavy machine after consuming Toose?

Depending on the reaction of the Toose after taken, if you are feeling dizziness, drowsiness or any weakness as a reaction on your body, Then consider Toose not safe to drive or operate heavy machine after consumption. Meaning that, do not drive or operate heavy duty machines after taking the capsule if the capsule has a strange reaction on your body like dizziness, drowsiness. As prescribed by a pharmacist, it is dangerous to take alcohol while taking medicines as it exposed patients to drowsiness and health risk. Please take note of such effect most especially when taking Primosa capsule. It's advisable to consult your doctor on time for a proper recommendation and medical consultations.

Is Toose addictive or habit forming?

Medicines are not designed with the mind of creating an addiction or abuse on the health of the users. Addictive Medicine is categorically called Controlled substances by the government. For instance, Schedule H or X in India and schedule II-V in the US are controlled substances.

Please consult the medicine instruction manual on how to use and ensure it is not a controlled substance.In conclusion, self medication is a killer to your health. Consult your doctor for a proper prescription, recommendation, and guidiance.

Review

sdrugs.com conducted a study on Toose, and the result of the survey is set out below. It is noteworthy that the product of the survey is based on the perception and impressions of the visitors of the website as well as the views of Toose consumers. We, as a result of this, advice that you do not base your therapeutic or medical decisions on this result, but rather consult your certified medical experts for their recommendations.

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The information was verified by Dr. Rachana Salvi, MD Pharmacology