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DRUGS & SUPPLEMENTS
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How often in a day do you take medicine? How many times? |
Acetaminophen:
Spasmo-Bilgast is an analgesic-antipyretic. It has analgesic, antipyretic and weak anti-inflammatory action. The mechanism of action is associated with inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis, the predominant influence on the thermoregulation center in the hypothalamus, enhances heat transfer.
Pain weak and moderate intensity of different genesis (including headache, migraine, toothache, neuralgia, myalgia, algomenorrhea; pain in trauma, burns). Fever in infectious and inflammatory diseases.
Oral or rectally adults and adolescents with a body weight over 60 kg is used in a single dose of 500 mg, the multiplicity of admission - up to 4 times / Maximum duration of treatment - 5-7 days.
Maximum dose: single - 1 g, daily - 4 g.
Single dose for oral administration for children aged 6-12 years - 250-500 mg, 1-5 years - 120-250 mg, from 3 months to 1 year - 60-120 mg, up to 3 months - 10 mg / kg. Single dose rectal in children aged 6-12 years - 250-500 mg, 1-5 years - 125-250 mg.
Multiplicity - 4 at intervals of not less than 4 h. The maximum duration of treatment - 3 days.
Maximum dose: 4 single dose per day.
Digestive system: rarely - dyspepsia; long-term use at high doses - hepatotoxic effects, methemoglobinemia, renal dysfunction and liver, hypochromic anemia. Hemopoietic system: rarely - thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, pancytopenia, neutropenia, agranulocytosis. Allergic reactions: rarely - skin rash, itching, hives.
Chronic active alcoholism, increased sensitivity to Spasmo-Bilgast, marked disturbances of liver function and / or kidney disease, anemia, pregnancy (I term).
Spasmo-Bilgast (Acetaminophen) crosses the placental barrier. So far, no observed adverse effects of Spasmo-Bilgast (Acetaminophen) on the fetus in humans.
Spasmo-Bilgast (Acetaminophen) is excreted in breast milk: the content in milk was 0.04-0.23% of the dose adopted mother.
If necessary, use of Spasmo-Bilgast (Acetaminophen) during pregnancy and lactation (breastfeeding) should carefully weigh the potential benefits of therapy for the mother and the potential risk to the fetus or child.
In experimental studies found no embryotoxic, teratogenic and mutagenic action of Spasmo-Bilgast (Acetaminophen).
Spasmo-Bilgast is used with caution in patients with disorders of the liver and kidneys, with benign hyperbilirubinemia, as well as in elderly patients.
With prolonged use of Spasmo-Bilgast (Acetaminophen) is necessary to monitor patterns of peripheral blood and functional state of the liver.
Used for treatment of premenstrual tension syndrome in combination with pamabrom (diuretic, a derivative of xanthine) and mepyramine (Histamine H1-receptors blocker).
With the simultaneous use with inducers of microsomal liver enzymes, means having hepatotoxic effect, increasing the risk of hepatotoxic action of Spasmo-Bilgast (Acetaminophen).
With the simultaneous use of anticoagulants may be slight to moderate increase in prothrombin time.
With the simultaneous use of anticholinergics may decrease absorption of Spasmo-Bilgast (Acetaminophen).
With the simultaneous use of oral contraceptives accelerated excretion of Spasmo-Bilgast (Acetaminophen) from the body and may reduce its analgesic action.
With the simultaneous use with urological means reduced their effectiveness.
With the simultaneous use of activated charcoal reduced bioavailability of Spasmo-Bilgast (Acetaminophen).
When Spasmo-Bilgast (Acetaminophen) applied simultaneously with diazepam may decrease excretion of diazepam.
There have been reports about the possibility of enhancing mielodepression effect of zidovudine while applying with Spasmo-Bilgast (Acetaminophen). A case of severe toxic liver injury.
Described cases of toxic effects of Spasmo-Bilgast (Acetaminophen), while the use of isoniazid.
When applied simultaneously with carbamazepine, phenytoin, phenobarbital, primidonom decreases the effectiveness of Spasmo-Bilgast (Acetaminophen), which is caused by an increase in its metabolism and excretion from the body. Cases of hepatotoxicity, while the use of Spasmo-Bilgast (Acetaminophen) and phenobarbital.
In applying cholestyramine a period of less than 1 h after administration of Spasmo-Bilgast (Acetaminophen) may decrease of its absorption.
At simultaneous application with lamotrigine moderately increased excretion of lamotrigine from the body.
With the simultaneous use of metoclopramide may increase absorption of Spasmo-Bilgast (Acetaminophen) and its increased concentration in blood plasma.
When applied simultaneously with probenecid may decrease clearance of Spasmo-Bilgast (Acetaminophen), with rifampicin, sulfinpyrazone - may increase clearance of Spasmo-Bilgast (Acetaminophen) due to increasing its metabolism in the liver.
At simultaneous application of Spasmo-Bilgast (Acetaminophen) with ethinylestradiol increases absorption of Spasmo-Bilgast (Acetaminophen) from the gut.
Enhances the effect of indirect anticoagulants (coumarin derivatives and indandione). Antipyretic and analgesic activity of caffeine increases, reduce - rifampicin, phenobarbital and alcohol (accelerated biotransformation, inducing microsomal liver enzymes).
At a reception in toxic doses (10-15 g in adults) may develop liver necrosis.
Symptoms of overdose may include: nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, sweating, extreme tiredness, unusual bleeding or bruising, pain in the upper right part of the stomach, yellowing of the skin or eyes, flu-like symptoms
Papaverine Hydrochloride:
Rx Only
This product is to be used by or under the direction of a physician.
Each vial contains a sufficient amount to permit withdrawal and administration of the volume specified on the label.
Spasmo-Bilgast (Papaverine Hydrochloride), USP, is the hydrochloride of an alkaloid obtained from opium or prepared synthetically. It belongs to the benzylisoquinoline group of alkaloids. It does not contain a phenanthrene group as do morphine and codeine.
Spasmo-Bilgast (Papaverine Hydrochloride), USP, is 6,7-dimethoxy-1- veratrylisoquinoline hydrochloride and contains, on the dried basis, not less than 98.5% of C20H21NO4-HCI. The molecular weight is 375.85. The structural formula is as shown.
Spasmo-Bilgast (Papaverine Hydrochloride) occurs as white crystals or white crystalline powder. One gram dissolves in about 30 mL of water and in 120 mL of alcohol. It is soluble in chloroform and practically insoluble in ether.
Spasmo-Bilgast (Papaverine Hydrochloride) Injection, USP, is a clear, colorless to pale-yellow solution.
Spasmo-Bilgast (Papaverine Hydrochloride), for parenteral administration, is a smooth-muscle relaxant that is available in vials containing 30 mg/mL. Each vial also contains edetate disodium 0.005%. The 10 mL vials also contain chlorobutanol 0.5% as a preservative. pH may be adjusted with sodium citrate and/or citric acid.
The most characteristic effect of papaverine is relaxation of the tonus of all smooth muscle, especially when it has been spasmodically contracted. Spasmo-Bilgast (Papaverine Hydrochloride) apparently acts directly on the muscle itself. This relaxation is noted in the vascular system and bronchial musculature and in the gastrointestinal, biliary and urinary tracts.
The main actions of papaverine are exerted on cardiac and smooth muscle. Papaverine relaxes various smooth muscles, especially those of larger arteries; this relaxation may be prominent if spasm exists. The antispasmodic effect is a direct one and unrelated to muscle innervation, and the muscle still responds to drugs and other stimuli causing contraction. Papaverine has minimal actions on the central nervous system, although very large doses tend to produce some sedation and sleepiness in some patients. In certain circumstances, mild respiratory stimulation can be observed, but this is therapeutically inconsequential. Papaverine stimulates respiration by acting on carotid and aortic body chemoreceptors.
Papaverine relaxes the smooth musculature of the larger blood vessels, including the coronary, cerebral, peripheral, and pulmonary arteries. This action is particularly evident when such vessels are in spasm, induced reflexly or by drugs, and it provides the basis for the clinical use of papaverine in peripheral or pulmonary arterial embolism.
Experimentally in dogs, the alkaloid has been shown to cause fairly marked and long-lasting coronary vasodilatation and an increase in coronary blood flow. However, it also appears to have a direct inotropic effect and, when increased mechanical activity coincides with decreased systemic pressure, increases in coronary blood flow may not be sufficient to prevent brief periods of hypoxic myocardial depression.
Papaverine is effective by all routes of administration. A considerable fraction of the drug localizes in fat deposits and in the liver, with the remainder being distributed throughout the body. It is metabolized in the liver. About 90% of the drug is bound to plasma protein. Although estimates of its biologic half-life vary widely, reasonably constant plasma levels can be maintained with oral administration at 6 hour intervals. The drug is excreted in the urine in an inactive form.
Papaverine is recommended in various conditions accompanied by spasm of smooth muscle, such as vascular spasm associated with acute myocardial infarction (coronary occlusion), angina pectoris, peripheral and pulmonary embolism, peripheral vascular disease in which there is a vasospastic element, or certain cerebral angiospastic states; and visceral spasm, as in ureteral, biliary, or gastrointestinal colic.
Intravenous injection of papaverine is contraindicated in the presence of complete atrioventricular heart block. When conduction is depressed, the drug may produce transient ectopic rhythms of ventricular origin, either premature beats or paroxysmal tachycardia.
Spasmo-Bilgast (Papaverine Hydrochloride) is not indicated for the treatment of impotence by intracorporeal injection. The intracorporeal injection of Spasmo-Bilgast (Papaverine Hydrochloride) has been reported to have resulted in persistent priapism requiring medical and surgical intervention.
Spasmo-Bilgast Injection, USP, should not be added to Lactated Ringer’s Injection, because precipitation would result.
Spasmo-Bilgast (Papaverine Hydrochloride) should be used with caution in patients with glaucoma. The medication should be discontinued if hepatic hypersensitivity with gastrointestinal symptoms, jaundice, or eosinophilia becomes evident or if liver function test values become altered.
Pregnancy Category C - No teratogenic effects were observed in rats when Spasmo-Bilgast (Papaverine Hydrochloride) was administered subcutaneously as a single agent. It is not known whether papaverine can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman or can affect reproduction capacity. Spasmo-Bilgast (Papaverine Hydrochloride) should be given to a pregnant woman only if clearly needed.
It is not known whether this drug is excreted in human milk. Because many drugs are excreted in human milk, caution should be exercised when Spasmo-Bilgast is administered to a nursing woman.
Safety and effectiveness in children have not been established.
The following side effects have been reported: general discomfort, nausea, abdominal discomfort, anorexia, constipation or diarrhea, skin rash, malaise, vertigo, headache, intensive flushing of the face, perspiration, increase in the depth of respiration, increase in heart rate, a slight rise in blood pressure, and excessive sedation.
Hepatitis, probably related to an immune mechanism, has been reported infrequently. Rarely, this has progressed to cirrhosis.
Drug dependence resulting from the abuse of many of the selective depressants, including Spasmo-Bilgast (Papaverine Hydrochloride), has been reported.
The symptoms of toxicity from Spasmo-Bilgast often result from vasomotor instability and include nausea, vomiting, weakness, central nervous system depression, nystagmus, diplopia, diaphoresis, flushing, dizziness, and sinus tachycardia. In large overdoses, papaverine is a potent inhibitor of cellular respiration and a weak calcium antagonist. Following an oral overdose of 15 g, metabolic acidosis with hyperventilation, hyperglycemia, and hypokalemia have been reported. No information on toxic serum concentrations is available.
Following intravenous overdosing in animals, seizures, tachyarrhythmias, and ventricular fibrillation have been reported. The oral median lethal dose in rats is 360 mg/kg.
To obtain up-to-date information about the treatment of overdose, a good resource is your certified Regional Poison Control Center. Telephone numbers of certified poison control centers are listed in the Physician’s Desk Reference (PDR). In managing overdosage, consider the possibility of multiple drug overdoses, interaction among drugs, and unusual drug kinetics in your patient.
Protect the patient’s airway and support ventilation and perfusion. Meticulously monitor vital signs, blood gases, blood chemistry values, and other variables.
If convulsions occur, consider diazepam, phenytoin, or phenobarbital. If the seizures are refractory, general anesthesia with thiopental or halothane and paralysis with a neuromuscular blocking agent may be necessary.
For hypotension, consider intravenous fluids, elevation of the legs, and an inotropic vasopressor, such as dopamine or norepinephrine (levarterenol). Theoretically, calcium gluconate may be helpful in treating some of the toxic cardiovascular effects of papaverine; monitor the ECG and plasma calcium concentrations.
Forced diuresis, peritoneal dialysis, hemodialysis, or charcoal hemoperfusion have not been established as beneficial for an overdose of Spasmo-Bilgast (Papaverine Hydrochloride).
Spasmo-Bilgast (Papaverine Hydrochloride) may be administered intravenously or intramuscularly. The intravenous route is recommended when an immediate effect is desired, but the drug must be injected slowly over the course of 1 or 2 minutes to avoid uncomfortable or alarming side effects.
Parenteral administration of Spasmo-Bilgast (Papaverine Hydrochloride) in doses of 1 to 4 mL is repeated every 3 hours as indicated. In the treatment of cardiac extrasystoles, 2 doses may be given 10 minutes apart.
Spasmo-Bilgast (Papaverine Hydrochloride) Injection, USP, 30 mg/mL
0517-4002-25 2 mL Vial packaged in boxes of 25
0517-4010-01 10 mL Multiple Dose Vial* packaged individually
*The 10 mL Multiple Dose Vial contains chlorobutanol 0.5% as a preservative.
Store at 20° to 25°C (68° to 77°F); excursions permitted to 15° to 30°C (59° to 86°F).
PROTECT FROM LIGHT. RETAIN IN CARTON UNTIL TIME OF USE.
AMERICAN
REGENT, INC.
SHIRLEY, NY 11967
IN4002
Rev. 1/09
Depending on the reaction of the Spasmo-Bilgast after taken, if you are feeling dizziness, drowsiness or any weakness as a reaction on your body, Then consider Spasmo-Bilgast not safe to drive or operate heavy machine after consumption. Meaning that, do not drive or operate heavy duty machines after taking the capsule if the capsule has a strange reaction on your body like dizziness, drowsiness. As prescribed by a pharmacist, it is dangerous to take alcohol while taking medicines as it exposed patients to drowsiness and health risk. Please take note of such effect most especially when taking Primosa capsule. It's advisable to consult your doctor on time for a proper recommendation and medical consultations.
Is Spasmo-Bilgast addictive or habit forming?Medicines are not designed with the mind of creating an addiction or abuse on the health of the users. Addictive Medicine is categorically called Controlled substances by the government. For instance, Schedule H or X in India and schedule II-V in the US are controlled substances.
Please consult the medicine instruction manual on how to use and ensure it is not a controlled substance.In conclusion, self medication is a killer to your health. Consult your doctor for a proper prescription, recommendation, and guidiance.
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The information was verified by Dr. Rachana Salvi, MD Pharmacology