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DRUGS & SUPPLEMENTS
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Rompun
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Rompun uses
PHARMACOLOGY
Rompun a non-narcotic compound, is a sedative and analgesic as well as muscle relaxant. Its sedative and analgesic activity is related to central nervous system depression. Its muscle-relaxant effect is based on inhibition of the intraneural transmission of impulses in the central nervous system. The principal pharmacological activities develop within 10 to 15 minutes after intramuscular injection, and within 3 to 5 minutes following intravenous administration in horses.
A sleeplike state, the depth of which is dose-dependent, is usually maintained for 1 to 2 hours, while analgesia lasts from 15 to 30 minutes. The centrally acting muscle relaxant effect causes relaxation of the skeletal musculature, complementing sedation and analgesia.
In horses and Cervidae under the influence of Rompun the respiratory rate is reduced as in natural sleep. Following treatment with Rompun the heart rate is decreased and a transient change in the conductivity of the cardiac muscle may occur, as evidenced by a partial atrioventricular block. This resembles the atrioventricular block often observed in normal horses. 1, 2, 3, 4
Although a partial A-V block may occasionally occur following intramuscular injection of Rompun, the incidence is less than when it is administered intravenously. Intravenous administration of Rompun causes a transient rise in blood pressure, followed by a slight decrease.
Rompun has no effect on blood clotting time or other hematologic parameters.
PRECAUTlONS
Careful consideration should be given before administering to horses or Cervidae, with significantly depressed respiration, severe pathologic heart disease, advanced liver or kidney disease, severe endotoxic or traumatic shock, or stress conditions such as extreme heat, cold, high altitude or fatigue.
Do not use Rompun in conjunction with tranquilizers.
Analgesic effect is variable, and depth should be carefully assayed prior to surgical/clinical procedures. Variability of analgesia occurs most frequently at the distal extremities of horses and Cervidae. In spite of sedation, the practitioner and handlers should proceed with caution since defense reactions may not be diminished.
Horses:
Since an additive effect results from the use of Rompun and the barbiturate compounds, it should be used with caution with these central nervous system depressants. Products known to produce respiratory depression or apnea, such as thiamylal sodium, should be given at a reduced dosage and, when injected intravenously, should be administered slowly. When intravenous administration is desired, avoid perivascular injection in order to achieve the desired effect. Studies have shown negligible evidence of tissue irritation, however, following perivascular injection of Rompun.
lntracarotid Arterial Injection Should Be Avoided. As with many compounds, including tranquilizers, immediate violent seizures followed by collapse may result from inadvertent administration into the carotid artery. Although the reaction with Rompun is usually transient and recovery may be rapid and complete, special care should be taken to assure that the needle is in the jugular vein rather than the carotid artery.
Bradycardia and an arrhythmia in the form of incomplete atrioventricular block have been reported following Rompun administration. Although clinically the importance of this effect is questioned,1,2,3,4 a standard dose of atropine given prior to or following Rompun will greatly decrease the incidence.
Sedation for transport is most successful if actual transportation is begun after the full effect of the drug has been reached and the animal's stability is maintained while standing. In addition, it should be noted that animals under the influence of Rompun can be aroused by noise or other stimuli and this may increase the risk of injury.
Cervidae:
As in all ruminants, it is preferable to administer Rompun to fasted Cervidae as a safeguard against aspiration of food material into the lungs and/or bloat during deep sedation.
Care should be taken to administer Rompun in the heavy muscles of the croup or shoulder. Injections given subcutaneously, intraperitoneally or into fat deposits will give unpredictable results.
Intra-arterial injection should be avoided. As with many compounds, including tranquilizers, immediate violent seizures followed by collapse may result from inadvertent administration into an artery.
The animal should not be disturbed during induction or until the full effect of the drug has been reached, which is usually 10 to 15 minutes following injection.
The usual time to initial effect of the drug is 2 to 5 minutes. The administrator of the drug should be fully cognizant of this interval prior to administration of drug to free ranging deer or elk, especially at night or in heavily wooded areas.
If the animal has been underdosed (faulty injection or miscalculation of weight) it is advisable to wait one hour before administering a second dose.
Adequate ventilation, especially in cages or crates, is mandatory; keep head and neck in position to insure patent air passage and to prevent aspiration of stomach contents.
During sedation animals should be prevented from assuming lateral recumbency. A sternal recumbent position is desirable.
While under the effects of Rompun the animal should be protected from an extremely hot or cold environment.
Efforts should be made to prevent patient from rising until almost complete recovery is attained.
The transportation of Cervidae given Rompun should be carefully monitored to prevent excessive struggling, injury or death.
Hyperthermic reactions may occur, especially if the subject is in a highly excited state when the drug is administered. Hosing the head and entire body with cold water has usually proven to be an effective deterrent.
The safety of Rompun has not been demonstrated in pregnant Cervidae. Avoid use during the breeding season.
Cervidae should be observed closely until all of the sedative effects of Rompun are gone.
Care should be taken at all times when administering Rompun to Cervidae. This is due to the method of administration (usually darting), the difficulty in estimating body weights and the accepted theory that wild animals are more unpredictable in their response to sedatives and analgesics than the domesticated species.
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Detweiler, D.K.: “The Diagnosis and Significance of Cardiac Arrhythmias.” Progress in Equine Practice. Edited by E.J. Catcott and J.F. Smithcors. American Veterinary Publications, Inc., Santa Barbara, California and Wheaton, Illinois, (1966), 280-281. -
Glazier, D.B.: “Atrioventricular Heart Block.” Irish Vet. J., Vol. 12, (1958): 194-198. -
Holmes, J.R., Alps, B.J.: “Observations on Partial Atrioventricular Heart Block in the Horse.” Can. Vet. J., Vol. 7, No. 12, (1966), 280-290. -
Smetzer, D.L., Smith, C.R., Senta, T.: “Second Degree Atrioventricular Block in the Horse.” Am. J. Vet. Res., Vol. 30, No. 6, (1969), 933-946.
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Rompun pharmaceutical active ingredients containing related brand and generic drugs:
Rompun available forms, composition, doses:
Composition is the list of ingredients which combinedly form a medicine. Both active ingredients and inactive ingredients form the composition. The active ingredient gives the desired therapeutic effect whereas the inactive ingredient helps in making the medicine stable.
Doses are various strengths of the medicine like 10mg, 20mg, 30mg and so on. Each medicine comes in various doses which is decided by the manufacturer, that is, pharmaceutical company. The dose is decided on the severity of the symptom or disease.