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Painex

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Painex uses


Pharmacological action

Painex Karnataka Antibiotics & Pharmaceuticals is an opioid analgesic, a derivative of cyclohexanol. It is non-selective agonist of mu-, delta- and kappa-receptors in the CNS. Painex is a racemate and (-) of isomers (50% / 50%) which in various ways are involved in analgesic effects. The isomer (+) is a pure agonist opioid receptors, it has low tropism and has a pronounced selectivity for different subtypes of receptors. The isomer (-) inhibiting neuronal capture of noradrenaline activates the descending noradrenergic influence. Thats why it is broken transmission of pain impulses in the gelatinous substance of spinal cord.

Painex Karnataka Antibiotics & Pharmaceuticals causes sedation. At therapeutic doses this medication almost not get respiratory depression. Painex has also an antitussive effect.

Pharmacokinetics

After oral administration Painex Karnataka Antibiotics & Pharmaceuticals quickly and almost completely absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract (90%). Cmax in plasma obtained in 2 h after taking this medication. Bioavailability in single dose is 68% and increases with repeated use.

Plasma protein binding is 20%. Painex is widely distributed in tissues. Vd after oral administration and intravenous injection is 306 l and 203 l respectively. This drug crosses the placental barrier in a concentration equal to the concentration of the active substance in the plasma. 0.1% is excreted in breast milk.

Painex metabolised by demethylation and conjugation to 11 metabolites, of which only 1 is active.

This medicine excreted by the kidneys - 90% and through the intestines - 10%.

Why is Painex Karnataka Antibiotics & Pharmaceuticals prescribed?

Moderate and severe pain of various origins. Conducting painful diagnostic or therapeutic procedures.

Dosage and administration

A single oral dose for adults and children over 14 years is 50 mg, rectally - 100 mg, IV slowly or IM - 50-100 mg. If for parenteral injection efficiency is not enough, it is possible oral taking in a dose of 50 mg after 20-30 minutes.

For children aged 1 to 14 years set the dose rate of 1-2 mg / kg.

The duration of treatment is determined individually.

The maximum dose for adults and children over 14 years regardless of method of administration is 400 mg / day.

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Painex Karnataka Antibiotics & Pharmaceuticals side effects, adverse reactions

CNS: dizziness, weakness, drowsiness, confusion, and in some cases - seizures and convulsions of cerebral origin.

Cardio-vascular system: tachycardia, orthostatic hypotension, collapse.

Digestive system: dry mouth, nausea, vomiting.

Metabolism: increased sweating.

Musculoskeletal system: miosis.

Painex Karnataka Antibiotics & Pharmaceuticals contraindications

  • acute intoxication with alcohol and drugs, providing a depressing effect on the CNS
  • children up to age 1 year
  • hypersensitivity to Painex Karnataka Antibiotics & Pharmaceuticals

    Using during pregnancy and breastfeeding

    During pregnancy patients should avoid prolonged use of Painex Karnataka Antibiotics & Pharmaceuticals because the risk of addiction in the fetus and the occurrence of withdrawal in the neonatal period.

    If necessary using in lactation should be aware that Painex in small amounts excreted in breast milk. In the case of long-term treatment can not been excluded the possibility of drug dependence.

    Painex Karnataka Antibiotics & Pharmaceuticals is not recommended for treatment of withdrawal syndrome drugs.

    Patients need to avoid combination with MAO inhibitors.

    During the period of treatment with Painex Karnataka Antibiotics & Pharmaceuticals you should avoid to take alcohol.

    Painex in the form of long-acting formulations should not be used in children under the age of 14 years.

    During the period of Painex using is not recommended to engage in activities that require special attention, speed of psychomotor reactions.

    Special instructions

    With caution Painex Karnataka Antibiotics & Pharmaceuticals should be used in convulsions of central genesis of drug dependence, confusion, patients with impaired renal function and liver, as well as increased sensitivity to other opioid receptor agonists.

    Painex should not be used beyond the period justified from a therapeutic point of view.

    Painex Karnataka Antibiotics & Pharmaceuticals drug interactions

    Simultaneous administration of Painex Karnataka Antibiotics & Pharmaceuticals with:

  • drugs providing a depressing effect on the CNS or with ethanol may increase the CNS depressant effects of Painex;
  • MAO inhibitors are likely development of serotonin syndrome;
  • serotonin reuptake inhibitors, tricyclic antidepressants, antipsychotics, other means of reducing the threshold of convulsive readiness, increases the risk of seizures;
  • warfarin and phenprocoumon increase anticoagulant effect;
  • carbamazepine reduced the concentration of Painex in plasma and its analgesic effect;
  • paroxetine describes cases of serotonin syndrome, seizures;
  • sertraline, fluoxetine describes cases of serotonin syndrome;
  • opioid analgesics is likely to reduce the analgesic action. Prolonged use of opioid analgesics or barbiturates stimulates the development of cross-tolerance;
  • naloxone activates respiration, eliminating analgesia after opioid analgesics.

    Painex Karnataka Antibiotics & Pharmaceuticals in case of emergency / overdose

    Symptoms: respiratory depression, until apnea, seizures, Pupillary, anuria, coma.

    Treatment: IV injection of naloxone (a specific antagonist), gastric lavage, maintenance of vital functions.

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    Painex pharmaceutical active ingredients containing related brand and generic drugs:

    Active ingredient is the part of the drug or medicine which is biologically active. This portion of the drug is responsible for the main action of the drug which is intended to cure or reduce the symptom or disease. The other portions of the drug which are inactive are called excipients; there role is to act as vehicle or binder. In contrast to active ingredient, the inactive ingredient's role is not significant in the cure or treatment of the disease. There can be one or more active ingredients in a drug.


    Painex available forms, composition, doses:

    Form of the medicine is the form in which the medicine is marketed in the market, for example, a medicine X can be in the form of capsule or the form of chewable tablet or the form of tablet. Sometimes same medicine can be available as injection form. Each medicine cannot be in all forms but can be marketed in 1, 2, or 3 forms which the pharmaceutical company decided based on various background research results.
    Composition is the list of ingredients which combinedly form a medicine. Both active ingredients and inactive ingredients form the composition. The active ingredient gives the desired therapeutic effect whereas the inactive ingredient helps in making the medicine stable.
    Doses are various strengths of the medicine like 10mg, 20mg, 30mg and so on. Each medicine comes in various doses which is decided by the manufacturer, that is, pharmaceutical company. The dose is decided on the severity of the symptom or disease.

    • Injectable; Injection; Tramadol 50 mg / ml

    Painex destination | category:

    Destination is defined as the organism to which the drug or medicine is targeted. For most of the drugs what we discuss, human is the drug destination.
    Drug category can be defined as major classification of the drug. For example, an antihistaminic or an antipyretic or anti anginal or pain killer, anti-inflammatory or so.

    • Human:
    • Analgesics (opioid)
    • Supportive care therapy

    Painex Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical codes:

    A medicine is classified depending on the organ or system it acts [Anatomical], based on what result it gives on what disease, symptom [Therapeutical], based on chemical composition [Chemical]. It is called as ATC code. The code is based on Active ingredients of the medicine. A medicine can have different codes as sometimes it acts on different organs for different indications. Same way, different brands with same active ingredients and same indications can have same ATC code.


    Painex pharmaceutical companies:

    Pharmaceutical companies are drug manufacturing companies that help in complete development of the drug from the background research to formation, clinical trials, release of the drug into the market and marketing of the drug.
    Researchers are the persons who are responsible for the scientific research and is responsible for all the background clinical trials that resulted in the development of the drug.


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    References

    1. "Tramadol". https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/co... (accessed August 28, 2018).
    2. "Tramadol". http://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB0019... (accessed August 28, 2018).
    3. "0NG5TTM63P: The UNique Ingredient Identifier (UNII) is an alphanumeric substance identifier from the joint FDA/USP Substance Registration System (SRS).". https://www.fda.gov/ForIndustry/Dat... (accessed August 28, 2018).

    Frequently asked Questions

    Can i drive or operate heavy machine after consuming Painex?

    Depending on the reaction of the Painex after taken, if you are feeling dizziness, drowsiness or any weakness as a reaction on your body, Then consider Painex not safe to drive or operate heavy machine after consumption. Meaning that, do not drive or operate heavy duty machines after taking the capsule if the capsule has a strange reaction on your body like dizziness, drowsiness. As prescribed by a pharmacist, it is dangerous to take alcohol while taking medicines as it exposed patients to drowsiness and health risk. Please take note of such effect most especially when taking Primosa capsule. It's advisable to consult your doctor on time for a proper recommendation and medical consultations.

    Is Painex addictive or habit forming?

    Medicines are not designed with the mind of creating an addiction or abuse on the health of the users. Addictive Medicine is categorically called Controlled substances by the government. For instance, Schedule H or X in India and schedule II-V in the US are controlled substances.

    Please consult the medicine instruction manual on how to use and ensure it is not a controlled substance.In conclusion, self medication is a killer to your health. Consult your doctor for a proper prescription, recommendation, and guidiance.

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    Review

    sdrugs.com conducted a study on Painex, and the result of the survey is set out below. It is noteworthy that the product of the survey is based on the perception and impressions of the visitors of the website as well as the views of Painex consumers. We, as a result of this, advice that you do not base your therapeutic or medical decisions on this result, but rather consult your certified medical experts for their recommendations.

    Visitor reports

    One visitor reported useful

    How is the drug Painex useful in reducing or relieving the symptoms? How useful is it?
    According to the survey conducted by the website sdrugs.com, there are variable results and below are the percentages of the users that say the medicine is useful to them and that say it is not helping them much. It is not ideal to continue taking the medication if you feel it is not helping you much. Contact your healthcare provider to check if there is a need to change the medicine or if there is a need to re-evaluate your condition. The usefulness of the medicine may vary from patient to patient, depending on the other diseases he is suffering from and slightly depends on the brand name.
    Visitors%
    Not useful1
    		100.0%

    One visitor reported side effects

    Did you get side effects while taking the Painex drug, or were there no side effects?
    According to the survey conducted by website sdrugs.com users, the below-mentioned percentages indicate the number of people experiencing the side effects and the number of people not experiencing the side effects when taking Painex medicine. Every drug produces minimal side effects, and they are negligible most times, when compared to the desired effect [use] of the medicine. Side effects depend on the dose you are taking, any drug interactions that happen when you are on other medications, if the patient is sensitive, and other associated conditions. If you cannot tolerate the side effects, consult your doctor immediately, so he can either adjust the dose or change the medication.
    Visitors%
    No side effects1
    		100.0%

    One visitor reported price estimates

    What is your opinion about drug cost? Did you feel the cost is apt, or did you feel it is expensive?
    The report given by the sdrugs.com website users shows the following figures about several people who felt the medicine Painex is expensive, and the medicine is not expensive. The results are mixed. The perception of the cost of the medicine to be expensive or not depends on the brand name of the medicine, country, and place where it is sold, and the affordability of the patient. You can choose a generic drug in the place of the branded drug to save the cost. The efficiency of the medicine will not vary if it is generic or a branded one.
    Visitors%
    Expensive1
    		100.0%

    Four visitors reported frequency of use

    How often in a day do you take the medicine?
    Are you taking the Painex drug as prescribed by the doctor?
    Few medications can be taken Twice in a day more than prescribed when the doctor's advice mentions the medicine can be taken according to frequency or severity of symptoms. Most times, be very careful and clear about the number of times you are taking the medication. The report of sdrugs.com website users about the frequency of taking the drug Painex is mentioned below.
    Visitors%
    Twice in a day3
    		75.0%
    Once in a day1
    		25.0%

    Eight visitors reported doses

    What is the dose of Painex drug you are taking?
    According to the survey conducted among sdrugs.com website users, the maximum number of people are using the following dose 201-500mg. Few medications come in only one or two doses. Few are specific for adult dose and child dose. The dose of the medicine given to the patient depends on the severity of the symptom/disease. There can be dose adjustments made by the doctor, based on the progression of the disease. Follow-up is important.
    Visitors%
    201-500mg5
    		62.5%
    11-50mg2
    		25.0%
    101-200mg1
    		12.5%

    One visitor reported time for results

    What is the time duration Painex drug must be taken for it to be effective or for it to reduce the symptoms?
    Most chronic conditions need at least some time so the dose and the drug action gets adjusted to the body to get the desired effect. The stastistics say sdrugs.com website users needed > 3 month to notice the result from using Painex drug. The time needed to show improvement in health condition after using the medicine Painex need not be same for all the users. It varies based on other factors.
    Visitors%
    > 3 month1
    		100.0%

    Two visitors reported administration

    The drugs are administered in various routes, like oral or injection form. They are administered before food or after food. How are you taking Painex drug, before food or after food?
    Click here to find out how other users of our website are taking it. For any doubts or queries on how and when the medicine is administered, contact your health care provider immediately.
    Visitors%
    Empty stomach2
    		100.0%

    Ten visitors reported age

    Visitors%
    16-295
    		50.0%
    6-152
    		20.0%
    > 602
    		20.0%
    1-51
    		10.0%

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    The information was verified by Dr. Rachana Salvi, MD Pharmacology


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