Oflovid

Oflovid uses

• Pharmacological action
• Pharmacokinetics
• Why is Oflovid prescribed?
• Dosage and administration
• Oflovid side effects, adverse reactions
• Oflovid contraindications
• Using during pregnancy and breastfeeding
• Special instructions
• Oflovid drug interactions
• Oflovid in case of emergency / overdose
• Oflovid reviews

Pharmacological action

Oflovid is an antimicrobial agents of broad-spectrum action type from fluoroquinolone group. Bactericidal action of Oflovid is due to blockage of the enzyme DNA gyrase in bacterial cells. This medication is highly active against most of gram-negative bacteria: Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp., Shigella spp., Proteus spp., Morganella morganii, Klebsiella spp., Enterobacter spp., Serratia spp., Citrobacter spp., Yersinia spp., Providencia spp., Haemophilus influenzae, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Neisseria meningitidis, Mycoplasma spp., Legionella pneumophila, Acinetobacter spp., and Chlamydia spp.

Oflovid is active against some gram-positive bacteria (including Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus spp., especially beta-hemolytic streptococci).

Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Pseudomonas spp. are moderately susceptible to Oflovid.

Anaerobic bacteria (except Bacteroides ureolyticus) are insensitive to Oflovid.

This drug is resistant to beta-lactamases.

Pharmacokinetics

After oral administration Oflovid is rapidly and completely absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Ingestion has a little effect on the extent of absorption but may slow its speed. C_max plasma levels reached in 2 hours.

The protein binding is 25%. Oflovid is widely distributed in tissues and body fluids (organs of urinary system, reproductive organs, prostate, lung, ENT organs, gall bladder, bone, skin).This medicine is excreted in the urine in unchanged form (about 80% in 24 h). A small portion of the active substance (4%) is excreted in the feces. T_1/2 is 6 h.

Why is Oflovid prescribed?

Infectious-inflammatory diseases caused by microorganisms sensitive to Oflovid, including: diseases of the lower respiratory tract, ear, nose, throat, skin, soft tissues, bones, joints, infectious and inflammatory diseases of the abdominal organs and pelvic infection, kidney and urinary tract, prostatitis, gonorrhea.

Dosage and administration

Dosing regimen of Oflovid is individual. Daily dose of 200-800 mg, the multiplicity of application 2 times / day. For patients with impaired renal function (creatinine clearance 20-50 ml / min), the first dose is 200 mg, then 100 mg every 24 hours. When CC is less than 20 ml / min, the first dose is 200 mg, then 100 mg every 48 hours.

Oflovid side effects, adverse reactions

Digestive system: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain and cramps, appetite loss, dry mouth, flatulence, gastrointestinal dysfunction, constipation; rarely - liver damage, liver necrosis, jaundice, hepatitis, intestinal perforation, pseudomembranous colitis, bleeding from the gastrointestinal tract, disorders of the oral mucosa, heartburn, elevated liver enzymes, including GGT and LDH, increased serum bilirubin.

CNS and peripheral nervous system: insomnia, dizziness, fatigue, drowsiness, nervousness; rarely - convulsions, anxiety, cognitive changes, depression, abnormal dreams, euphoria, hallucinations, paresthesia, syncope, tremor, confusion, nystagmus, suicidal thoughts or attempts, disorientation, psychotic reactions, paranoia, phobia, agitation, aggressiveness, emotional instability, peripheral neuropathy, ataxia, incoordination, exacerbation of extrapyramidal disorders, speech disorder.

Allergic reactions: skin rash, itching, rarely - angioedema, urticaria, vasculitis, allergic pneumonitis, anaphylactic shock, erythema multiforme, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, erythema nodosum, exfoliative dermatitis, toxic epidermal necrolysis, conjunctivitis.

Sexual system: an itch on the external genitalia in women, vaginitis, vaginal discharge; rare - burning, irritation, pain and rash in the genital area of women, dysmenorrhea, menorrhagia, metrorrhagia, vaginal candidiasis.

Cardiovascular system: rarely - heart failure, edema, hypertension, hypotension, palpitation, vasodilatation, cerebral thrombosis, pulmonary edema, and tachycardia.

Urinary system: rarely - dysuria, urinary frequency, urinary retention, anuria, polyuria formation of kidney stones, kidney failure, nephritis, hematuria, albuminuria, candiduria.

Musculoskeletal system: rarely - arthralgia, myalgia, tendonitis, muscle weakness, exacerbation of myasthenia gravis.

Metabolism: rarely - thirst, weight loss, hyper- or hypoglycemia, acidosis, increase in serum triglycerides, cholesterol, potassium.

Respiratory system: rarely - cough, runny nose, respiratory failure, dyspnea, bronchospasm, stridor.

Sensory organs: rarely - hearing loss, tinnit, diplopia, nystagmus, impaired clarity of vision, disturbances of taste, smell, photophobia.

Dermatological reactions: rarely - photosensitivity, hyperpigmentation, vesicle-bullous eruption.

Hematopoietic system: rarely - anemia, hemorrhage, pancytopenia, agranulocytosis, leukopenia, reversible suppression of bone marrow hematopoiesis, thrombocytopenia, thrombocytopenic purpura, petechiae, ecchymosis, increased prothrombin time.

Other: chest pain, sore throat, fever, body aches, rarely - fatigue, chills, malaise, epistaxis, increased sweating.

Oflovid contraindications

Pregnancy, lactation, childhood and adolescence to 18 years, increased sensitivity to Oflovid or other quinolone derivatives.

Using during pregnancy and breastfeeding

Oflovid is contraindicated during pregnancy and lactation.

Category effects on the fetus by FDA - C.

Special instructions

Use with caution in patients with impaired renal function and liver.

During the period of treatment required to conduct monitoring of blood glucose. Long-term therapy is necessary to periodically monitor the kidney function, liver and peripheral blood picture.

When using Oflovid it should be ensure adequate hydration of the body, the patient should be subjected to ultraviolet irradiation.

In experimental studies the mutagenic potential was not been identified. Long-term studies to determine the carcinogenicity of Oflovid were not conducted.

Safety and efficacy in children and adolescents under the age of 18 is not defined.

Use with caution in patients whose activities are connected with the necessity of high concentration of attention and quickness of psychomotor reactions.

Oflovid drug interactions

Simultaneous administration of Oflovid with: