Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc

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Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc uses

Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc consists of Beta-Carotene, Folic Acid, Iron (Ferrous Reduced), Vitamin A (Retinol Acetate), Vitamin B1 (Thiamine Mononitrate), Vitamin B12, Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin), Vitamin B3 (Nicotinamide), Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine Hydrochloride), Vitamin C, Vitamin D3 (Cholecalciferol), Vitamin E (D-Alpha Tocopherol Acid Succinate), Zinc (Zinc Gluconate).

Folic Acid:


INDICATIONS AND USAGE

Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Folic Acid)® is a prescription iron supplement indicated for use in improving the nutritional status of iron deficiency.

CONTRAINDICATIONS

This product is contraindicated in patients with a known hypersensitivity to any of the ingredients. Hemochromatosis and hemosiderosis are contraindications to iron therapy.

WARNING: Accidental overdose of iron-containing products is a leading cause of fatal poisoning in children under 6. Keep this product out of reach of children. In case of accidental overdose, call a doctor or poison control center immediately.

PRECAUTIONS

Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Folic Acid) acid when administered as a single agent in doses above 0.1 mg daily may obscure pernicious anemia in that hematological remission can occur while neurological manifestations remain progressive. While prescribing this nutritional supplement for pregnant women, nursing mothers, or for women prior to conception, their medical condition and other drugs, herbs, and/or supplements consumption should be considered.

ADVERSE REACTIONS

Allergic sensitization has been reported following both oral and parenteral administration of Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Folic Acid) acid.

DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION

One tablet daily with or without food or as prescribed by a licensed healthcare provider with prescribing authority.

HOW SUPPLIED

Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Folic Acid)® tablets are supplied in child-resistant bottles of 90 tablets (NDC 0037-6885-90)

KEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDREN.

STORAGE

Store at controlled room temperature 20°-25°C (68°-77°F). Excursions permitted to 15°-30°C (59°-86°F).

Dispense in a tight, light-resistant container to protect from light and moisture.

To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS contact Meda Pharmaceuticals Inc. at 1-888-349-5556 or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/safety/medwatch

Distributed by:

Meda Pharmaceuticals Inc.

Somerset New Jersey 08873-4120

© 2014 Meda Pharmaceuticals Inc.

U.S. Patent Nos. 7,585,527 and 8,080,520

Proferrin® is a registered trademark of Colorado BioLabs, Inc., Cozad, NE.

Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Folic Acid) and the BIFERA logo are registered trademarks and the Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Folic Acid) logo is a trademark of Alaven Pharmaceutical LLC, used under license by Meda Pharmaceuticals Inc.

MEDA PHARMACEUTICALS mark and logo are trademarks of Meda AB.

IN-6885-02 Rev 6/2014

Iron (Ferrous Reduced):


1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE

Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) is indicated for the treatment of Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) deficiency anemia in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) is an Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) replacement product indicated for the treatment of Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) deficiency anemia in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). (1)

2 DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION

Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc ) must only be administered intravenously either by slow injection or by infusion. The dosage of Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) is expressed in mg of elemental Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)). Each mL contains 20 mg of elemental Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)).

Population Dose
Adult patients Hemodialysis Dependent-Chronic Kidney Disease (HDD-CKD) (2.1) 100 mg slow intravenous injection or infusion
Non-Dialysis Dependent-Chronic Kidney Disease (NDD-CKD) (2.2) 200 mg slow intravenous injection or infusion
Peritoneal Dialysis Dependent-Chronic Kidney Disease (PDD-CKD) (2.3) 300 mg or 400 mg intravenous infusion
Pediatric patients HDD-CKD (2.4), PDD-CKD or NDD-CKD (2.5) 0.5 mg/kg slow intravenous injection or infusion

2.1 Adult Patients with Hemodialysis Dependent-Chronic Kidney Disease (HDD-CKD)

Administer Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) 100 mg undiluted as a slow intravenous injection over 2 to 5 minutes, or as an infusion of 100 mg diluted in a maximum of 100 mL of 0.9% NaCl over a period of at least 15 minutes, per consecutive hemodialysis session. Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) should be administered early during the dialysis session. The usual total treatment course of Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) is 1000 mg. Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) treatment may be repeated if Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) deficiency reoccurs.

2.2 Adult Patients with Non-Dialysis Dependent-Chronic Kidney Disease

Administer Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) 200 mg undiluted as a slow intravenous injection over 2 to 5 minutes or as an infusion of 200 mg in a maximum of 100 mL of 0.9% NaCl over a period of 15 minutes. Administer on 5 different occasions over a 14 day period. There is limited experience with administration of an infusion of 500 mg of Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)), diluted in a maximum of 250 mL of 0.9% NaCl, over a period of 3.5 to 4 hours on Day 1 and Day 14. Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) treatment may be repeated if Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) deficiency reoccurs.

2.3 Adult Patients with Peritoneal Dialysis Dependent-Chronic Kidney Disease

Administer Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) in 3 divided doses, given by slow intravenous infusion, within a 28 day period: 2 infusions each of 300 mg over 1.5 hours 14 days apart followed by one 400 mg infusion over 2.5 hours 14 days later. Dilute Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) in a maximum of 250 mL of 0.9% NaCl. Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) treatment may be repeated if Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) deficiency reoccurs.

2.4 Pediatric Patients with HDD-CKD for Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) maintenance treatment

The dosing for Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) replacement treatment in pediatric patients with HDD-CKD has not been established.

For Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) maintenance treatment: Administer Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) at a dose of 0.5 mg/kg, not to exceed 100 mg per dose, every two weeks for 12 weeks given undiluted by slow intravenous injection over 5 minutes or diluted in 25 mL of 0.9% NaCl and administered over 5 to 60 minutes. Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) treatment may be repeated if necessary.

2.5 Pediatric Patients with NDD-CKD or PDD-CKD who are on erythropoietin therapy for Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) maintenance treatment

The dosing for Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) replacement treatment in pediatric patients with NDD-CKD or PDD-CKD has not been established.

For Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) maintenance treatment: Administer Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) at a dose of 0.5 mg/kg, not to exceed 100 mg per dose, every four weeks for 12 weeks given undiluted by slow intravenous injection over 5 minutes or diluted in 25 mL of 0.9% NaCl and administered over 5 to 60 minutes. Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) treatment may be repeated if necessary.

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3 DOSAGE FORMS AND STRENGTHS

  • 10 mL single-use vial / 200 mg elemental Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) (20 mg/mL)
  • 5 mL single-use vial / 100 mg elemental Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) (20 mg/mL)
  • 2.5 mL single-use vial / 50 mg elemental Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) (20 mg/mL)
  • 10 mL single-use vial / 200 mg elemental Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) (20 mg/mL) (3)
  • 5 mL single-use vial / 100 mg elemental Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) (20 mg/mL) (3)
  • 2.5 mL single-use vial / 50 mg elemental Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) (20 mg/mL) (3)

4 CONTRAINDICATIONS

  • Known hypersensitivity to Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced))
  • Known hypersensitivity to Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) (4)

5 WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS

  • Hypersensitivity Reactions: Observe for signs and symptoms of hypersensitivity during and after Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc ) administration for at least 30 minutes and until clinically stable following completion of each administration. Only administer Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) when personnel and therapies are immediately available for the treatment of serious hypersensitivity reactions. (5.1)
  • Hypotension: Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) may cause hypotension. Monitor for signs and symptoms of hypotension during and following each administration of Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)). (5.2)
  • Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) Overload: Regularly monitor hematologic responses during Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) therapy. Do not administer Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) to patients with Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) overload. (5.3)

5.1 Hypersensitivity Reactions

Serious hypersensitivity reactions, including anaphylactic-type reactions, some of which have been life-threatening and fatal, have been reported in patients receiving Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)). Patients may present with shock, clinically significant hypotension, loss of consciousness, and/or collapse. If hypersensitivity reactions or signs of intolerance occur during administration, stop Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) immediately. Monitor patients for signs and symptoms of hypersensitivity during and after Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) administration for at least 30 minutes and until clinically stable following completion of the infusion. Only administer Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) when personnel and therapies are immediately available for the treatment of serious hypersensitivity reactions. Most reactions associated with intravenous Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) preparations occur within 30 minutes of the completion of the infusion .

5.2 Hypotension

Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc ) may cause clinically significant hypotension. Monitor for signs and symptoms of hypotension following each administration of Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)). Hypotension following administration of Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) may be related to the rate of administration and/or total dose administered .

5.3 Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) Overload

Excessive therapy with parenteral Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) can lead to excess storage of Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) with the possibility of iatrogenic hemosiderosis. All adult and pediatric patients receiving Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) require periodic monitoring of hematologic and Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) parameters (hemoglobin, hematocrit, serum ferritin and transferrin saturation). Do not administer Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) to patients with evidence of Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) overload. Transferrin saturation (TSAT) values increase rapidly after intravenous administration of Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) sucrose; do not perform serum Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) measurements for at least 48 hours after intravenous dosing .

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6 ADVERSE REACTIONS

The following serious adverse reactions associated with Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc ) are described in other sections .

  • The most common adverse reactions (≥2%) following the administration of Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) are diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, headache, dizziness, hypotension, pruritus, pain in extremity, arthralgia, back pain, muscle cramp, injection site reactions, chest pain, and peripheral edema. (6.1)

To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact American Regent, Inc. at 1-800-734-9236 or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch .

6.1 Adverse Reactions in Clinical Trials

Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug may not reflect the rates observed in practice.

Adverse Reactions in Adults Patients with CKD

Adverse Reactions in Adult Patients with CKD

The frequency of adverse reactions associated with the use of Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc ) has been documented in six clinical trials involving 231 patients with HDD-CKD, 139 patients with NDD-CKD and 75 patients with PDD-CKD. Treatment-emergent adverse reactions reported by ≥ 2% of treated patients in the six clinical trials for which the rate for Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) exceeds the rate for comparator are listed by indication in Table 1. Patients with HDD-CKD received 100 mg doses at 10 consecutive dialysis sessions until a cumulative dose of 1000 mg was administered. Patients with NDD-CKD received either 5 doses of 200 mg over 2 weeks or 2 doses of 500 mg separated by fourteen days, and patients with PDD-CKD received 2 doses of 300 mg followed by a dose of 400 mg over a period of 4 weeks.


* EPO=Erythropoietin

Adverse Reactions

(Preferred Term)

HDD-CKD NDD-CKD PDD-CKD
Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) Oral Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) EPO* Only
(N=231) (N=139) (N=139) (N=75) (N=46)
% % % % %
Subjects with any adverse reaction 78.8 76.3 73.4 72.0 65.2
Ear and Labyrinth Disorders
Ear Pain 0 2.2 0.7 0 0
Eye Disorders
Conjunctivitis 0.4 0 0 2.7 0
Gastrointestinal Disorders
Abdominal pain 3.5 1.4 2.9 4.0 6.5
Diarrhea 5.2 7.2 10.1 8.0 4.3
Dysgeusia 0.9 7.9 0 0 0
Nausea 14.7 8.6 12.2 5.3 4.3
Vomiting 9.1 5.0 8.6 8.0 2.2
General Disorders and
Administration Site Conditions
Asthenia 2.2 0.7 2.2 2.7 0
Chest pain 6.1 1.4 0 2.7 0
Feeling abnormal 3.0 0 0 0 0
Infusion site pain or burning 0 5.8 0 0 0
Injection site extravasation 0 2.2 0 0 0
Peripheral edema 2.6 7.2 5.0 5.3 10.9
Pyrexia 3.0 0.7 0.7 1.3 0
Infections and Infestations
Nasopharyngitis, Sinusitis, Upper

respiratory tract infections, Pharyngitis

2.6 2.2 4.3 16.0 4.3
Injury, Poisoning and Procedural
Complications
Graft complication 9.5 1.4 0 0 0
Metabolism and Nutrition Disorders
Fluid overload 3.0 1.4 0.7 1.3 0
Gout 0 2.9 1.4 0 0
Hyperglycemia 0 2.9 0 0 2.2
Hypoglycemia 0.4 0.7 0.7 4.0 0
Musculoskeletal and Connective
Tissue Disorders
Arthralgia 3.5 1.4 2.2 4.0 4.3
Back pain 2.2 2.2 3.6 1.3 4.3
Muscle cramp 29.4 0.7 0.7 2.7 0
Myalgia 0 3.6 0 1.3 0
Pain in extremity 5.6 4.3 0 2.7 6.5
Nervous System Disorders
Dizziness 6.5 6.5 1.4 1.3 4.3
Headache 12.6 2.9 0.7 4.0 0
Respiratory, Thoracic and
Mediastinal Disorders
Cough 3.0 2.2 0.7 1.3 0
Dyspnea 3.5 5.8 1.4 1.3 2.2
Nasal congestion 0 1.4 2.2 1.3 0
Skin and Subcutaneous
Tissue Disorders
Pruritus 3.9 2.2 4.3 2.7 0
Vascular Disorders
Hypertension 6.5 6.5 4.3 8.0 6.5
Hypotension 39.4 2.2 0.7 2.7 2.2

One hundred thirty (11%) of the 1,151 patients evaluated in the 4 U.S. trials in HDD-CKD patients (studies A, B and the two post marketing studies) had prior other intravenous Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) therapy and were reported to be intolerant (defined as precluding further use of that Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) product). When these patients were treated with Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) there were no occurrences of adverse reactions that precluded further use of Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) .

Adverse Reactions in Pediatric Patients with CKD (ages 2 years and older)

Adverse Reactions in Pediatric Patients with CKD (ages 2 years and older)

In a randomized, open-label, dose-ranging trial for Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) maintenance treatment with Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) in pediatric patients with CKD on stable erythropoietin therapy , at least one treatment-emergent adverse reaction was experienced by 57% (27/47) of the patients receiving Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) 0.5 mg/kg, 53% (25/47) of the patients receiving Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) 1.0 mg/kg, and 55% (26/47) of the patients receiving Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) 2.0 mg/kg.

A total of 5 (11%) subjects in the Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) 0.5 mg/kg group, 10 (21%) patients in the Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) 1.0 mg/kg group, and 10 (21%) patients in the Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) 2.0 mg/kg group experienced at least 1 serious adverse reaction during the study. The most common treatment-emergent adverse reactions (> 2% of patients) in all patients were headache (6%), respiratory tract viral infection (4%), peritonitis (4%), vomiting (4%), pyrexia (4%), dizziness (4%), cough (4%), renal transplant (4%), nausea (3%), arteriovenous fistula thrombosis (2%), hypotension (2%), and hypertension (2.1%).

6.2 Adverse Reactions from Post-Marketing Experience

Because these reactions are reported voluntarily from a population of uncertain size, it is not always possible to reliably estimate their frequency or establish a causal relationship to drug exposure.

In the post-marketing safety studies in 1,051 treated patients with HDD-CKD, the adverse reactions reported by > 1% were: cardiac failure congestive, sepsis and dysgeusia.

The following adverse reactions have been identified during post-approval use of Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)). Because these reactions are reported voluntarily from a population of uncertain size, it is not always possible to reliably estimate their frequency or establish a causal relationship to drug exposure: Anaphylactic-type reactions, shock, loss of consciousness, collapse, bronchospasm, dyspnea, convulsions, light-headedness, confusion, angioedema, swelling of the joints, hyperhidrosis, back pain, bradycardia, and chromaturia.

Symptoms associated with Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) total dosage or infusing too rapidly included hypotension, dyspnea, headache, vomiting, nausea, dizziness, joint aches, paresthesia, abdominal and muscle pain, edema, and cardiovascular collapse. These adverse reactions have occurred up to 30 minutes after the administration of Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) injection. Reactions have occurred following the first dose or subsequent doses of Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)). Symptoms may respond to intravenous fluids, hydrocortisone, and/or antihistamines. Slowing the infusion rate may alleviate symptoms.

Injection site discoloration has been reported following extravasation. Assure stable intravenous access to avoid extravasation.

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7 DRUG INTERACTIONS

Drug interactions involving Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) have not been studied. However, Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) may reduce the absorption of concomitantly administered oral Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) preparations.

8 USE IN SPECIFIC POPULATIONS

8.1 Pregnancy

Pregnancy Category B

Pregnancy Category B

There are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. In animal reproduction studies, Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc ) sucrose was administered intravenously to rats and rabbits during the period of organogenesis at doses up to 13 mg/kg/day of elemental Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) (half or equivalent to the maximum recommended human dose based on body surface area, respectively) and revealed no evidence of harm to the fetus due to Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) sucrose. Because animal reproductive studies are not always predictive of human response, Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed.

8.3 Nursing Mothers

It is not known whether Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) sucrose is excreted in human milk. Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) sucrose is secreted into the milk of lactating rats. Because many drugs are excreted in human milk, caution should be exercised when Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) is administered to a nursing woman.

8.4 Pediatric Use

Safety and effectiveness of Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc ) for Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) replacement treatment in pediatric patients with dialysis-dependent or non-dialysis-dependent CKD have not been established.

Safety and effectiveness of Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) for Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) maintenance treatment in pediatric patients 2 years of age and older with dialysis-dependent or non-dialysis-dependent CKD receiving erythropoietin therapy were studied. Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) at doses of 0.5 mg/kg, 1.0 mg/kg, and 2.0 mg/kg was administered. All three doses maintained hemoglobin between 10.5 g/dL and 14.0 g/dL in about 50% of subjects over the 12-week treatment period with stable EPO dosing. [See Clinical Studies (14.6)]

Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) has not been studied in patients younger than 2 years of age.

In a country where Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) is available for use in children, at a single site, five premature infants (weight less than 1,250 g) developed necrotizing enterocolitis and two of the five died during or following a period when they received Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)), several other medications and erythropoietin. Necrotizing enterocolitis may be a complication of prematurity in very low birth weight infants. No causal relationship to Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) or any other drugs could be established.

8.5 Geriatric Use

Clinical studies of Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) did not include sufficient numbers of subjects aged 65 years and older to determine whether they respond differently from younger subjects. Of the 1,051 patients in two post-marketing safety studies of Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)), 40% were 65 years and older. No overall differences in safety were observed between these subjects and younger subjects, and other reported clinical experience has not identified differences in responses between the elderly and younger patients, but greater sensitivity of some older individuals cannot be ruled out. In general, dose administration to an elderly patient should be cautious, reflecting the greater frequency of decreased hepatic, renal, or cardiac function, and of concomitant disease or other drug therapy.

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10 OVERDOSAGE

No data are available regarding overdosage of Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) in humans. Excessive dosages of Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) may lead to accumulation of Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) in storage sites potentially leading to hemosiderosis. Do not administer Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) to patients with Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) overload.

Toxicities in single-dose studies in mice and rats, at intravenous Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) sucrose doses up to 8 times the maximum recommended human dose based on body surface area, included sedation, hypoactivity, pale eyes, bleeding in the gastrointestinal tract and lungs, and mortality.

11 DESCRIPTION

Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) (iron sucrose injection, USP), an Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) replacement product, is a brown, sterile, aqueous, complex of polynuclear Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) (III)-hydroxide in sucrose for intravenous use. Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) sucrose injection has a molecular weight of approximately 34,000 to 60,000 daltons and a proposed structural formula:

[Na2Fe5O8(OH) ·3(H2O)]n ·m(C12H22O11)

where: n is the degree of Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) polymerization and m is the number of sucrose molecules associated with the Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) (III)-hydroxide.

Each mL contains 20 mg elemental Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) as Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) sucrose in water for injection. Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) is available in 10 mL single-use vials (200 mg elemental Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) per 10 mL), 5 mL single-use vials (100 mg elemental Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) per 5 mL), and 2.5 mL single-use vials (50 mg elemental Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) per 2.5 mL). The drug product contains approximately 30% sucrose w/v (300 mg/mL) and has a pH of 10.5 to 11.1. The product contains no preservatives. The osmolarity of the injection is 1,250 mOsmol/L.

12 CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY

12.1 Mechanism of Action

Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc ) is an aqueous complex of poly-nuclear Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) (III)-hydroxide in sucrose. Following intravenous administration, Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) is dissociated into Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) and sucrose and the Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) is transported as a complex with transferrin to target cells including erythroid precursor cells. The Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) in the precursor cells is incorporated into hemoglobin as the cells mature into red blood cells.

12.2 Pharmacodynamics

Following intravenous administration, Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) is dissociated into Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) and sucrose. In 22 patients undergoing hemodialysis and receiving erythropoietin (recombinant human erythropoietin) therapy treated with Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) sucrose containing 100 mg of Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)), three times weekly for three weeks, significant increases in serum Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) and serum ferritin and significant decreases in total Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) binding capacity occurred four weeks from the initiation of Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) sucrose treatment.

12.3 Pharmacokinetics

In healthy adults administered intravenous doses of Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc ), its Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) component exhibited first order kinetics with an elimination half-life of 6 h, total clearance of 1.2 L/h, and steady state apparent volume of distribution of 7.9 L. The Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) component appeared to distribute mainly in blood and to some extent in extravascular fluid. A study evaluating Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) containing 100 mg of Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) labeled with 52Fe/59Fe in patients with Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) deficiency showed that a significant amount of the administered Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) is distributed to the liver, spleen and bone marrow and that the bone marrow is an irreversible Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) trapping compartment.

Following intravenous administration of Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)), Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) sucrose is dissociated into Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) and sucrose. The sucrose component is eliminated mainly by urinary excretion. In a study evaluating a single intravenous dose of Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) containing 1,510 mg of sucrose and 100 mg of Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) in 12 healthy adults (9 female, 3 male: age range 32 to 52), 68.3% of the sucrose was eliminated in urine in 4 h and 75.4% in 24 h. Some Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) was also eliminated in the urine. Neither transferrin nor transferrin receptor levels changed immediately after the dose administration. In this study and another study evaluating a single intravenous dose of Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) sucrose containing 500 to 700 mg of Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) in 26 patients with anemia on erythropoietin therapy (23 female, 3 male; age range 16 to 60), approximately 5% of the Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) was eliminated in urine in 24 h at each dose level. The effects of age and gender on the pharmacokinetics of Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) have not been studied.

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients

In a single-dose PK study of Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)), patients with NDD-CDK ages 12 to 16 (N=11) received intravenous bolus doses of Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) at 7 mg/kg (maximum 200 mg) administered over 5 minutes. Following single dose Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)), the half-life of total serum Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) was 8 hours. The mean Cmax and AUC values were 8545 μg/dl and 31305 hr-μg/dL, respectively, which were 1.42- and 1.67-fold higher than dose adjusted adult Cmax and AUC values.

Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) is not dialyzable through CA210 (Baxter) High Efficiency or Fresenius F80A High Flux dialysis membranes. In in vitro studies, the amount of Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) sucrose in the dialysate fluid was below the levels of detection of the assay (less than 2 parts per million).

13 NONCLINICAL TOXICOLOGY

13.1 Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment of Fertility

Carcinogenicity studies have not been performed with Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) sucrose.

Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) sucrose was not mutagenic in vitro in the bacterial reverse mutation assay (Ames test) or the mouse lymphoma assay. Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) sucrose was not clastogenic in the in vitro chromosome aberration assay using human lymphocytes or in the in vivo mouse micronucleus assay.

Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) sucrose at intravenous doses up to 15 mg/kg/day of elemental Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) (1.2 times the maximum recommended human dose based on body surface area) had no effect on fertility and reproductive function of male and female rats.

14 CLINICAL STUDIES

Five clinical trials involving 647 adult patients and one clinical trial involving 131 pediatric patients were conducted to assess the safety and efficacy of Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc ).

14.1 Study A: Hemodialysis Dependent-Chronic Kidney Disease (HDD–CKD)

Study A was a multicenter, open-label, historically-controlled study in 101 patients with HDD-CKD (77 patients with Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) treatment and 24 in the historical control group) with Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) deficiency anemia. Eligibility criteria for Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) treatment included patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis, receiving erythropoietin, hemoglobin level between 8.0 and 11.0 g/dL, transferrin saturation < 20%, and serum ferritin < 300 ng/mL. The mean age of the patients was 65 years with the age range of 31 to 85 years. Of the 77 patients, 44 (57%) were male and 33 (43%) were female.

Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) 100 mg was administered at 10 consecutive dialysis sessions either as slow injection or a slow infusion. The historical control population consisted of 24 patients with similar ferritin levels as patients treated with Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)), who were off intravenous Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) for at least 2 weeks and who had received erythropoietin therapy with hematocrit averaging 31 to 36 for at least two months prior to study entry. The mean age of patients in the historical control group was 56 years, with an age range of 29 to 80 years. Patient age and serum ferritin level were similar between treatment and historical control patients.

Patients in the Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) treated population showed a greater increase in hemoglobin and hematocrit than did patients in the historical control population. See Table 2.


**p < 0.01 and *p < 0.05 compared to historical control from ANCOVA analysis with baseline hemoglobin, serum ferritin and erythropoietin dose as covariates.


Efficacy

parameters

End of treatment 2 week follow-up 5 week follow-up
Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) (n=69 Historical Control (n=18) Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced))

(n=73)

Historical Control

(n=18)

Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced))

(n=71)

Historical

Control

(n=15)

Hemoglobin (g/dL) 1.0 ± 0.12** 0.0 ± 0.21 1.3 ± 0.14** -0.6 ± 0.24 1.2 ± 0.17* -0.1 ± 0.23
Hematocrit (%) 3.1 ± 0.37** -0.3 ± 0.65 3.6 ± 0.44** -1.2 ± 0.76 3.3 ± 0.54 0.2 ± 0.86

Serum ferritin increased at endpoint of study from baseline in the Venofer-treated population (165.3 ± 24.2 ng/mL) compared to the historical control population (-27.6 ± 9.5 ng/mL). Transferrin saturation also increased at endpoint of study from baseline in the Venofer-treated population (8.8 ± 1.6%) compared to this historical control population (-5.1 ± 4.3%).

14.2 Study B: Hemodialysis Dependent-Chronic Kidney Disease

Study B was a multicenter, open label study of Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) in 23 patients with Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) deficiency and HDD-CKD who had been discontinued from Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) dextran due to intolerance. Eligibility criteria were otherwise identical to Study A. The mean age of the patients in this study was 53 years, with ages ranging from 21 to 79 years. Of the 23 patients enrolled in the study, 10 (44%) were male and 13 (56%) were female.

All 23 enrolled patients were evaluated for efficacy. Increases in mean hemoglobin (1.1 ± 0.2 g/dL), hematocrit (3.6 ± 0.6%), serum ferritin (266.3 ± 30.3 ng/mL) and transferrin saturation (8.7 ± 2.0%) were observed from baseline to end of treatment.

14.3 Study C: Hemodialysis Dependent-Chronic Kidney Disease

Study C was a multicenter, open-label study in patients with HDD-CKD. This study enrolled patients with a hemoglobin ≤ 10 g/dL, a serum transferrin saturation ≤ 20%, and a serum ferritin ≤ 200 ng/mL, who were undergoing maintenance hemodialysis 2 to 3 times weekly. The mean age of the patients enrolled in this study was 41 years, with ages ranging from 16 to 70 years. Of 130 patients evaluated for efficacy in this study, 68 (52%) were male and 62 (48%) were female. Forty-eight percent of the patients had previously been treated with oral Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)). Exclusion criteria were similar to those in studies A and B. Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) was administered in doses of 100 mg during sequential dialysis sessions until a pre-determined (calculated) total dose of Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) was administered. A 50 mg dose (2.5 mL) was given to patients within two weeks of study entry as a test dose. Twenty-seven patients (20%) were receiving erythropoietin treatment at study entry and they continued to receive the same erythropoietin dose for the duration of the study.

The modified intention-to-treat (mITT) population consisted of 131 patients. Increases from baseline in mean hemoglobin (1.7 g/dL), hematocrit (5%), serum ferritin (434.6 ng/mL), and serum transferrin saturation (14%) were observed at week 2 of the observation period and these values remained increased at week 4 of the observation period.

14.4 Study D: Non-Dialysis Dependent-Chronic Kidney Disease

Study D was a randomized, open-label, multicenter, active-controlled study of the safety and efficacy of oral Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) versus Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) in patients with NDD-CKD with or without erythropoietin therapy. Erythropoietin therapy was stable for 8 weeks prior to randomization. In the study 188 patients with NDD-CKD, hemoglobin of ≤ 11.0 g/dL, transferrin saturation ≤ 25%, ferritin ≤ 300 ng/mL were randomized to receive oral Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) (325 mg ferrous sulfate three times daily for 56 days); or Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) (either 200 mg over 2 to 5 minutes 5 times within 14 days or two 500 mg infusions on Day 1 and Day 14, administered over 3.5 to 4 hours). The mean age of the 91 treated patients in the Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) group was 61.6 years (range 25 to 86 years) and 64 years (range 21 to 86 years) for the 91 patients in the oral Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) group.

A statistically significantly greater proportion of Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) subjects (35/79; 44.3%) compared to oral Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) subjects (23/82; 28%) had an increase in hemoglobin ≥ 1 g/dL at anytime during the study (p = 0.03).

14.5 Study E: Peritoneal Dialysis Dependent-Chronic Kidney Disease

Study E was a randomized, open-label, multicenter study comparing patients with PDD-CKD receiving an erythropoietin and intravenous Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) to patients with PDD-CKD receiving an erythropoietin alone without Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) supplementation. Patients with PDD-CKD, stable erythropoietin for 8 weeks, hemoglobin of ≤ 11.5 g/dL, TSAT ≤ 25%, ferritin ≤ 500 ng/mL were randomized to receive either no Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) or Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) (300 mg in 250 mL 0.9% NaCl over 1.5 hours on Day 1 and 15 and 400 mg in 250 mL 0.9% NaCl over 2.5 hours on Day 29). The mean age of the 75 treated patients in the Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) / erythropoietin group was 51.9 years (range 21 to 81 years) vs. 52.8 years (range 23 to 77 years) for 46 patients in the erythropoietin alone group.

Patients in the Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) / erythropoietin group had statistically significantly greater mean change from baseline to the highest hemoglobin value (1.3 g/dL), compared to subjects who received erythropoietin alone (0.6 g/dL) (p < 0.01). A greater proportion of subjects treated with Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) / erythropoietin (59.1 %) had an increase in hemoglobin of ≥ 1 g/dL at any time during the study compared to the subjects who received erythropoietin only (33.3%).

14.6 Study F: Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc ) Maintenance Treatment Dosing in Pediatric Patients Ages 2 years and Older with Chronic Kidney Disease

Study F was a randomized, open-label, dose-ranging study for Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) maintenance treatment in pediatric patients with dialysis-dependent or non-dialysis-dependent CKD on stable erythropoietin therapy. The study randomized patients to one of three doses of Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) (0.5 mg/kg, 1.0 mg/kg or 2.0 mg/kg). The mean age was 13 years (range 2 to 20 years). Over 70% of patients were 12 years or older in all three groups. There were 84 males and 61 females. About 60% of patients underwent hemodialysis and 25% underwent peritoneal dialysis in all three dose groups. At baseline, the mean hemoglobin was 12 g/dL, the mean TSAT was 33% and the mean ferritin was 300 ng/mL. Patients with HDD-CKD received Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) once every other week for 6 doses. Patients with PDD-CKD or NDD-CKD received Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) once every 4 weeks for 3 doses. Among 131 evaluable patients with stable erythropoietin dosing, the proportion of patients who maintained hemoglobin between 10.5 g/dL and 14.0 g/dL during the 12-week treatment period was 58.7%, 46.7%, and 45.0% in the Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) 0.5 mg/kg, 1.0 mg/kg, and 2.0 mg/kg groups, respectively. A dose-response relationship was not demonstrated.

16 HOW SUPPLIED/storage and handling

16.1 How Supplied

Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc ) is supplied sterile in 10 mL, 5 mL, and 2.5 mL single-use vials. Each 10 mL vial contains 200 mg elemental Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)), each 5 mL vial contains 100 mg elemental Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)), and each 2.5 mL vial contains 50 mg elemental Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) (20 mg/mL).

NDC-0517-2310-05 200 mg/10 mL Single-Use Vial Packages of 5
NDC-0517-2310-10 200 mg/10 mL Single-Use Vial Packages of 10
NDC-0517-2340-01 100 mg/5 mL Single-Use Vial Individually Boxed
NDC-0517-2340-10 100 mg/5 mL Single-Use Vial Packages of 10
NDC-0517-2340-25 100 mg/5 mL Single-Use Vial Packages of 25
NDC-0517-2340-99 100 mg/5 mL Single-Use Vial Packages of 10
NDC-0517-2325-10 50 mg/2.5 mL Single-Use Vial Packages of 10
NDC-0517-2325-25 50 mg/2.5 mL Single-Use Vial Packages of 25

16.2 Stability and Storage

Contains no preservatives. Store in original carton at 20°C to 25°C (68° F to 77° F); excursions permitted to 15° to 30°C (59° to 86°F).. Do not freeze.

Syringe Stability: Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)), when diluted with 0.9% NaCl at concentrations ranging from 2 mg to 10 mg of elemental Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) per mL, or undiluted (20 mg elemental Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) per mL) and stored in a plastic syringe, was found to be physically and chemically stable for 7 days at controlled room temperature (25°C ± 2°C) and under refrigeration (4°C ± 2°C).

Intravenous Admixture Stability: Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)), when added to intravenous infusion bags (PVC or non-PVC) containing 0.9% NaCl at concentrations ranging from 1 mg to 2 mg of elemental Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) per mL, has been found to be physically and chemically stable for 7 days at controlled room temperature (25°C ± 2°C).

Do not dilute to concentrations below 1 mg/mL.

Do not mix Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) with other medications or add to parenteral nutrition solutions for intravenous infusion.

Parenteral drug products should be inspected visually for particulate matter and discoloration prior to infusion.

17 PATIENT COUNSELING INFORMATION

Prior to Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) administration:

  • Question patients regarding any prior history of reactions to parenteral Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) products
  • Advise patients of the risks associated with Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced))
  • Advise patients to report any symptoms of hypersensitivity that may develop during and following Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) administration, such as rash, itching, dizziness, light-headedness, swelling, and breathing problems [see Warnings and Precautions (5)]

AMERICAN

REGENT, INC.

SHIRLEY, NY 11967

Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Iron (Ferrous Reduced)) is manufactured under license from Vifor (International) Inc., Switzerland.

PremierProRx® is a trademark of Premier, Inc., used under license.

PREMIERProRx®

IN2340

MG #15727

Vitamin A (Retinol Acetate):


DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION

One tablet daily or as directed by a physician.

Supplement Facts
Serving Size 1 Tablet

Servings Per Container 100

Amount Per Serving % Daily Value
Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Vitamin A (Retinol Acetate)) 2500 IU 50%
Vitamin C 60 mg 100%
Vitamin D 400 IU 100%
Vitamin E 15 IU 50%
Thiamine 1.05 mg 70%
Riboflavin 1.2 mg 70%
Niacinamide 13.5 mg 68%
Vitamin B6 1.05 mg 53%
Folic Acid 0.3 mg 75%
Vitamin B12 4.5 mcg 75%
Fluoride 0.25 mg Daily Value not established

WARNING

KEEP OUT OF THE REACH OF CHILDREN.

In case of accidental overdose, seek professional assistance or contact a Poison Control Center immediately.

Other Ingredients: Artificial cherry flavor, artificial grape flavor, ascorbic acid, cholecalciferol, compressible sugar, D&C Red #7 calcium lake, FD&C Blue #1 aluminum lake, FD&C Yellow #6 aluminum lake, folic acid, magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose, natural and artificial orange flavor, niacinamide, polyethylene glycol, pyridoxine HCl, riboflavin, sodium ascorbate, sodium fluoride, stearic acid, sucralose, thiamine HCl, Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Vitamin A (Retinol Acetate)) acetate, vitamin B12 and vitamin E acetate.

Active ingredient for caries prophylaxis: Fluoride as sodium fluoride.

CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY

Significant decrease in the incidence of dental caries can be linked to the fluoridation of the water supply (1ppm fluoride) during the period of tooth development.

Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Vitamin A (Retinol Acetate)) Tablets provide sodium fluoride and ten essential vitamins in a chewable tablet. Because the tablets are chewable, they provide a topical as well as systemic source of fluoride. Hydroxyapatite is the principal crystal for all calcified tissue in the human body. The fluoride ion reacts with the Hydroxyapatite in the tooth as it is formed to produce the more caries-resistant crystal, fluorapatite.

The reaction may be expressed by the equation:

Ca10(PO4)6(OH2) + 2F- Ca10 (PO4)6F2 + 2OH-
(Hydroxyapatite) (Fluorapatite)

Three stages of fluoride deposition in tooth enamel can be distinguished:

  • Small amounts (reflecting the low levels of fluoride in tissue fluids) are incorporated into the enamel crystals while they are being formed.
  • After enamel has been laid down, fluoride deposition continues in the surface enamel. Diffusion of fluoride from the surface inward is apparently restricted.
  • After eruption, the surface enamel acquires fluoride from the water, food, supplementary fluoride and smaller amounts of saliva.

DIETARY SUPPLEMENTATION

Multivitamins with fluoride offer supplementation of the diet with 10 vitamins and fluoride.

WARNINGS

AS IN THE CASE OF ALL MEDICATIONS, KEEP OUT OF THE REACH OF CHILDREN. This tablet should be chewed. This product, as with all chewable tablets are not recommended for children under the age of 4 due to risk of choking.

PRECAUTIONS

The suggested dose of Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Vitamin A (Retinol Acetate)) Tablets should not be exceeded, since dental fluorosis may result from continued ingestion of large amounts of fluoride.

Before recommending Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Vitamin A (Retinol Acetate)) Tablets

  • Determine the fluoride content of the drinking water from all major sources
  • Make sure the child is not receiving significant amounts of fluoride from other sources such as medications and swallowed toothpaste
  • Periodically check to make sure that the child does not develop significant dental fluorosis.

ADVERSE REACTIONS

Allergic rash and other idiosyncrasies have been rarely reported.

To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact H2-Pharma, LLC at 1 (866) 592-6438 or FDA at 1 (800) 332-1088 or via the web at www.fda.gov/medwatch/index.html for voluntary reporting of adverse reactions.

DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION

One tablet daily or as directed by a physician.

HOW SUPPLIED

Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc ) Tablets 0.25 mg are available as orange, red and purple chewable tablets imprinted with "151" in 100 tablet bottles.

Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Vitamin A (Retinol Acetate)) Tablets 0.5 mg are available as orange, red and purple chewable tablets imprinted with "152" in 100 tablet bottles.

Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Vitamin A (Retinol Acetate)) Tablets 1.0 mg are available as orange, red and purple chewable tablets imprinted with "153" in 100 tablet bottles.

STORAGE

Store at controlled room temperature 20ºC-25ºC (68º-77ºF), excursions permitted between 15º-30ºC (59º-86ºF).

Distributed by:

H2-Pharma, LLC

2010 Berry Chase Place

Montgomery, AL 36117

www.h2-pharma.com

1067084

61269-151-01

MultiVitamin

with Fluoride

Chewable Tablets

Rx

0.25 mg

MultiVitamin and Fluoride Supplement

Dietary Supplement

100 Tablets

H2pharma

Vitamin B12:


Pharmacological action

Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc refers to a group of water-soluble vitamins. It has high biological activity. Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Vitamin B12) is necessary for normal hematopoiesis (promotes maturation of erythrocytes). Involved in the processes of transmethylation, hydrogen transport, synthesis of methionine, nucleic acids, choline, creatine. Contributes to the accumulation in erythrocytes of compounds containing sulfhydryl groups. Has a beneficial effect on liver function and the nervous system. Activates the coagulation of blood in high doses causes an increase in the activity of thromboplastin and prothrombin.

Pharmacokinetics

After oral administration Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Vitamin B12) absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Metabolized in the tissues, becoming a co-enzyme form - adenosylcobalamin which is the active form of cyanocobalamin. Excreted in bile and urine.

Why is Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc prescribed?

Anemia due to B12-deficiency conditions; in the complex therapy for iron and posthemorrhagic anemia; aplastic anemia caused by toxic substances and drugs; liver disease (hepatitis, cirrhosis); funicular myelosis; polyneuritis, radiculitis, neuralgia, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; children cerebral palsy, Down syndrome, peripheral nerve injury; skin diseases (psoriasis, photodermatosis, herpetiformis dermatitis, neurodermatitis); to prevent and treat symptoms of deficiency of Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Vitamin B12) (including the application of biguanide, PASA, vitamin C in high doses); radiation sickness.

Dosage and administration

Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc is used as injections SC, IV, IM, intralumbar, and also oral. With anemia associated with Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Vitamin B12) deficiency is introduced on 100-200 mcg in 2 days. In anemia with symptoms of funicular myelosis and megalocytic anemia with diseases of the nervous system - 400-500 micrograms in the first 7 days daily, then 1 time every 5-7 days. In the period of remission in the absence of events funicular myelosis maintenance dose - 100 mcg 2 times a month, in the presence of neurological symptoms - at 200-400 mcg 2-4 times a month. In acute post-hemorrhagic anemia and iron anemia by 30-100 mcg 2-3 times a week. When aplastic anemia (especially in children) - 100 micrograms before clinical improvement. When nutritional anemia in infants and preterm - 30 mcg / day during 15 days.

In diseases of the central and peripheral nervous system and neurological diseases with a pain syndrome is administered in increasing doses - 200-500 mcg, with the improvement in the state - 100 mcg / day. The course of treatment with Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Vitamin B12) is 2 weeks. In traumatic lesions of peripheral nervous system - at 200-400 mcg every other day for 40-45 days.

When hepatitis and cirrhosis - 30-60 mcg / day or 100 mg every other day for 25-40 days.

Dystrophy in young children, Down syndrome and cerebral palsy - by 15-30 mcg every other day.

When funicular myelosis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis can be introduced into the spinal canal at 15-30 mcg, gradually increasing the dose of 200-250 micrograms.

In radiation sickness, diabetic neuropathy, sprue - by 60-100 mcg daily for 20-30 days.

When deficiency of Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Vitamin B12) to prevent - IV or IM for 1 mg 1 time a month; for treatment - IV or IM for 1 mg daily for 1-2 weeks, the maintenance dose is 1-2 mg IV or IM from 1 per week, up to 1 per month. Duration of treatment is determined individually.

Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Vitamin B12) side effects, adverse reactions

CNS: rarely - a state of arousal.

Cardiovascular system: rarely - pain in the heart, tachycardia.

Allergic reactions: rarely - urticaria.

Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc contraindications

Thromboembolism, erythremia, erythrocytosis, increased sensitivity to cyanocobalamin.

Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc using during pregnancy and breastfeeding

Cyanocobalamin can be used in pregnancy according to prescriptions.

Special instructions

When stenocardia should be used with caution in a single dose of Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc 100 mcg. During treatment should regularly monitor the blood picture and coagulation. It is unacceptable to enter in the same syringe with cyanocobalamin solutions of thiamine and pyridoxine.

Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Vitamin B12) drug interactions

In an application of Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Vitamin B12) with hormonal contraceptives for oral administration may decrease the concentration of cyanocobalamin in plasma.

In an application with anticonvulsant drugs decreased cyanocobalamin absorption from the gut.

In an Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Vitamin B12) application with neomycin, aminosalicylic acid, colchicine, cimetidine, ranitidine, drugs potassium decreased cyanocobalamin absorption from the gut.

Cyanocobalamin may exacerbate allergic reactions caused by thiamine.

When parenteral application of chloramphenicol may decrease the hematopoietic effects of cyanocobalamin with anemia.

Pharmaceutical incompatibility

Contained in the molecule of cyanocobalamin cobalt ion contributes to the destruction of ascorbic acid, thiamine bromide, riboflavin in one solution.

Vitamin C:


Pharmacological action

Ascorbic acid is essential for the formation of intracellular collagen, is required to strengthen the structure of teeth, bones, and the capillary walls. Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Vitamin C) participates in redox reactions, the metabolism of tyrosine, converting folic acid into folinic acid, metabolism of carbohydrates, the synthesis of lipids and proteins, iron metabolism, processes of cellular respiration. Reduces the need for vitamins B1, B2, A, E, folic acid, pantothenic acid, enhances the body's resistance to infections; enhances iron absorption, contributing to its sequestration in reduced form. Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Vitamin C) has antioxidant properties.

With intravaginal application of ascorbic acid lowers the vaginal pH, inhibiting the growth of bacteria and helps to restore and maintain normal pH and vaginal flora (Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus gasseri).

Pharmacokinetics

After oral administration ascorbic acid is completely absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Widely distributed in body tissues.

The concentration of ascorbic acid in blood plasma in normal amounts to approximately 10-20 mg / ml.

The concentration of ascorbic acid in white blood cells and platelets is higher than in erythrocytes and plasma. When deficient state of concentration in leucocytes is reduced later and more slowly and is regarded as the best criterion for evaluating the deficit than the concentration in plasma.

Plasma protein binding is about 25%.

Ascorbic acid is reversibly oxidized to form dehydroascorbic acid, is metabolized with the formation of ascorbate-2-sulphate which is inactive and oxalic acid which is excreted in the urine.

Ascorbic acid taken in excessive quantities is rapidly excreted unchanged in urine, it usually happens when exceeding a daily dose is 200 mg.

Why is Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc prescribed?

For systemic use of Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Vitamin C) Kimia Farma: prevention and treatment of hypo- and avitaminosis of Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Vitamin C); providing increased need for Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Vitamin C) during growth, pregnancy, lactation, with heavy loads, fatigue and during recovery after prolonged severe illness; in winter with an increased risk of infectious diseases.

For intravaginal use: chronic or recurrent vaginitis (bacterial vaginosis, nonspecific vaginitis) caused by the anaerobic flora (due to changes in pH of the vagina) in order to normalize disturbed vaginal microflora.

Dosage and administration

This medication administered orally, IM, IV, intravaginally.

For the prevention of deficiency conditions Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc dose is 25-75 mg / day, for the treatment - 250 mg / day or more in divided doses.

For intravaginal used ascorbic acid drugs in appropriate dosage forms.

Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Vitamin C) side effects, adverse reactions

CNS: headache, fatigue, insomnia.

Digestive system: stomach cramps, nausea and vomiting.

Allergic reaction: describes a few cases of skin reactions and manifestations of the respiratory system.

Urinary system: when used in high doses - hyperoxaluria and the formation of kidney stones of calcium oxalate.

Local reactions: with intravaginal application - a burning or itching in the vagina, increased mucous discharge, redness, swelling of the vulva. Other: sensation of heat.

Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc contraindications

Increased sensitivity to ascorbic acid.

Using during pregnancy and breastfeeding

The minimum daily requirement of ascorbic acid in the II and III trimester of pregnancy is about 60 mg.

Ascorbic acid crosses the placental barrier. It should be borne in mind that the fetus can adapt to high doses of ascorbic acid, which takes a pregnant woman, and then a newborn baby may develop the ascorbic disease as the reaction of cancel. Therefore, during pregnancy should not to take ascorbic acid in high doses, except in cases where the expected benefit outweighs the potential risk.

The minimum daily requirement during lactation is 80 mg. Ascorbic acid is excreted in breast milk. A mother's diet that contains adequate amounts of ascorbic acid, is sufficient to prevent deficiency in an infant. It is unknown whether dangerous to the child's mother use of ascorbic acid in high doses. Theoretically it is possible. Therefore, it is recommended not to exceed the maximum daily nursing mother needs to ascorbic acid, except when the expected benefit outweighs the potential risk.

Special instructions

Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Vitamin C) is used with caution in patients with hyperoxaluria, renal impairment, a history of instructions on urolithiasis. Because ascorbic acid increases iron absorption, its use in high doses can be dangerous in patients with hemochromatosis, thalassemia, polycythemia, leukemia, and sideroblastic anemia.

Patients with high content body iron should apply ascorbic acid in minimal doses.

Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Vitamin C) is used with caution in patients with deficiency of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase.

The use of ascorbic acid in high doses can cause exacerbation of sickle cell anemia.

Data on the diabetogenic action of ascorbic acid are contradictory. However, prolonged use of ascorbic acid should periodically monitor your blood glucose levels.

It is believed that the use of ascorbic acid in patients with rapidly proliferating and widely disseminated tumors may worsen during the process. It should therefore be used with caution in ascorbic acid in patients with advanced cancer.

Absorption of ascorbic acid decreased while use of fresh fruit or vegetable juices, alkaline drinking.

Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc drug interactions

In an application with barbiturates, primidone increases the excretion of ascorbic acid in the urine.

With the simultaneous use of oral contraceptives reduces the concentration of ascorbic acid in blood plasma.

In an application of Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Vitamin C) with iron preparations ascorbic acid, due to its regenerative properties, transforms ferric iron in the bivalent, which improves its absorption.

Ascorbic acid in high doses can decrease urine pH that while the application reduces the tubular reabsorption of amphetamine and tricyclic antidepressants.

With the simultaneous use of aspirin reduces the absorption of ascorbic acid by about a third.

Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Vitamin C) in an application with warfarin may decrease effects of warfarin.

With the simultaneous application of ascorbic acid increases the excretion of iron in patients receiving deferoxamine. In the application of ascorbic acid at a dose of 500 mg / day possibly left ventricular dysfunction.

In an application with tetracycline is increased excretion of ascorbic acid in the urine.

There is a described case of reducing the concentration of fluphenazine in plasma in patients treated with ascorbic acid 500 mg 2 times / day.

May increase the concentration of ethinyl estradiol in the blood plasma in its simultaneous application in the oral contraceptives.

Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc in case of emergency / overdose

Symptoms: long-term use of large doses (more than 1 g) - headache, increased CNS excitability, insomnia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, gastritis giperatsidnyh, ultseratsiya gastrointestinal mucosa, inhibition of the function insular apparatus of the pancreas (hyperglycemia, glycosuria), hyperoxaluria, nephrolithiasis (calcium oxalate), damage to the glomerular apparatus of the kidneys, moderate thamuria (when receiving a dose of 600 mg / day).

Decrease capillary permeability (possibly deteriorating trophic tissues, increased blood pressure, hypercoagulability, the development of microangiopathy).

When IV administration in high doses - the threat of termination of pregnancy (due to estrogenemia), hemolysis of red blood cells.

Vitamin E (D-Alpha Tocopherol Acid Succinate):


A generic descriptor for all tocopherols and tocotrienols that exhibit alpha-tocopherol activity. By virtue of the phenolic hydrogen on the 2H-1-benzopyran-6-ol nucleus, these compounds exhibit varying degree of antioxidant activity, depending on the site and number of methyl groups and the type of isoprenoids.

Indication: Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Vitamin E (D-Alpha Tocopherol Acid Succinate)), known for its antioxidant activities, is protective against cardiovascular disease and some forms of cancer and has also demonstrated immune-enhancing effects. It may be of limited benefit in some with asthma and rheumatoid arthritis. It may be helpful in some neurological diseases including Alzheimer's, some eye disorders including cataracts, and diabetes and premenstrual syndrome. It may also help protect skin from ultraviolet irradiation although claims that it reverses skin aging, enhances male fertility and exercise performance are poorly supported. It may help relieve some muscle cramps.

Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Vitamin E (D-Alpha Tocopherol Acid Succinate)) has antioxidant activity. It may also have anti-atherogenic, antithrombotic, anticoagulant, neuroprotective, antiviral, immunomodulatory, cell membrane-stabilizing and antiproliferative actions. Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Vitamin E (D-Alpha Tocopherol Acid Succinate)) is a collective term used to describe eight separate forms, the best-known form being alpha-tocopherol. Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Vitamin E (D-Alpha Tocopherol Acid Succinate)) is a fat-soluble vitamin and is an important antioxidant. It acts to protect cells against the effects of free radicals, which are potentially damaging by-products of the body's metabolism. Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Vitamin E (D-Alpha Tocopherol Acid Succinate)) is often used in skin creams and lotions because it is believed to play a role in encouraging skin healing and reducing scarring after injuries such as burns. There are three specific situations when a Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Vitamin E (D-Alpha Tocopherol Acid Succinate)) deficiency is likely to occur. It is seen in persons who cannot absorb dietary fat, has been found in premature, very low birth weight infants (birth weights less than 1500 grams, or 3½ pounds), and is seen in individuals with rare disorders of fat metabolism. A Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Vitamin E (D-Alpha Tocopherol Acid Succinate)) deficiency is usually characterized by neurological problems due to poor nerve conduction. Symptoms may include infertility, neuromuscular impairment, menstrual problems, miscarriage and uterine degradation. Preliminary research has led to a widely held belief that Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Vitamin E (D-Alpha Tocopherol Acid Succinate)) may help prevent or delay coronary heart disease. Antioxidants such as Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Vitamin E (D-Alpha Tocopherol Acid Succinate)) help protect against the damaging effects of free radicals, which may contribute to the development of chronic diseases such as cancer. It also protects other fat-soluble vitamins (A and B group vitamins) from destruction by oxygen. Low levels of Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Vitamin E (D-Alpha Tocopherol Acid Succinate)) have been linked to increased incidence of breast and colon cancer.

Zinc (Zinc Gluconate):


INDICATIONS AND USAGE

Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Zinc (Zinc Gluconate)) 1 mg/mL (Zinc Chloride Injection, USP) is indicated for use as a supplement to intravenous solutions given for TPN. Administration helps to maintain Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Zinc (Zinc Gluconate)) serum levels and to prevent depletion of endogenous stores, and subsequent deficiency symptoms.

CONTRAINDICATIONS

None known.

WARNINGS

Direct intramuscular or intravenous injection of Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Zinc (Zinc Gluconate)) 1 mg/mL (Zinc Chloride Injection, USP) is contraindicated as the acidic pH of the solution (2) may cause considerable tissue irritation.

Severe kidney disease may make it necessary to reduce or omit chromium and Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Zinc (Zinc Gluconate)) doses because these elements are primarily eliminated in the urine.

WARNING: This product contains aluminum that may be toxic. Aluminum may reach toxic levels with prolonged parenteral administration if kidney function is impaired. Premature neonates are particularly at risk because their kidneys are immature, and they require large amounts of calcium and phosphate solutions, which contain aluminum.

Research indicates that patients with impaired kidney function, including premature neonates, who receive parenteral levels of aluminum at greater than 4 to 5 mcg/kg/day accumulate aluminum at levels associated with central nervous system and bone toxicity. Tissue loading may occur at even lower rates of administration.

PRECAUTIONS

General

Do not use unless the solution is clear and the seal is intact.

Zinc 1 mg/mL should only be used in conjunction with a pharmacy directed admixture program using aseptic technique in a laminar flow environment; it should be used promptly and in a single operation without any repeated penetrations. Solution contains no preservatives; discard unused portion immediately after admixture procedure is completed.

Zinc should not be given undiluted by direct injection into a peripheral vein because of the likelihood of infusion phlebitis and the potential for increased excretory loss of Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Zinc (Zinc Gluconate)) from a bolus injection. Administration of Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Zinc (Zinc Gluconate)) in the absence of copper may cause a decrease in serum copper levels.

Laboratory Tests

Periodic determinations of serum copper as well as Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Zinc (Zinc Gluconate)) are suggested as a guideline for subsequent Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Zinc (Zinc Gluconate)) administration.

Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, and Impairment of Fertility

Long-term animal studies to evaluate the carcinogenic potential of Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc ) 1 mg/mL (Zinc Chloride Injection, USP) have not been performed, nor have studies been done to assess mutagenesis or impairment of fertility.

Nursing Mothers

It is not known whether this drug is excreted in human milk. Because many drugs are excreted in human milk, caution should be exercised when Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Zinc (Zinc Gluconate)) 1 mg/mL (Zinc Chloride Injection, USP) is administered to a nursing woman.

Pediatric Use

Pregnancy Category C. Animal reproduction studies have not been conducted with Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc ) chloride. It is also not known whether Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Zinc (Zinc Gluconate)) chloride can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman or can affect reproduction capacity. Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Zinc (Zinc Gluconate)) chloride should be given to a pregnant woman only if clearly needed.

Geriatric Use

An evaluation of current literature revealed no clinical experience identifying differences in response between elderly and younger patients. In general, dose selection for an elderly patient should be cautious, usually starting at the low end of the dosing range, reflecting the greater frequency of decreased hepatic, renal, or cardiac function, and of concomitant disease or other drug therapy.

ADVERSE REACTIONS

None known.

DRUG ABUSE AND DEPENDENCE

None known.

OVERDOSAGE

Single intravenous doses of 1 to 2 mg zinc/kg body weight have been given to adult leukemic patients without toxic manifestations. However, acute toxicity was reported in an adult when 10 mg Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Zinc (Zinc Gluconate)) was infused over a period of one hour on each of four consecutive days. Profuse sweating, decreased level of consciousness, blurred vision, tachycardia (140/min), and marked hypothermia (94.2° F) on the fourth day were accompanied by a serum Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Zinc (Zinc Gluconate)) concentration of 207 mcg/dl. Symptoms abated within three hours.

Hyperamylasemia may be a sign of impending Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Zinc (Zinc Gluconate)) overdosage; patients receiving an inadvertent overdose (25 mg zinc/liter of TPN solution, equivalent to 50 to 70 mg zinc/day) developed hyperamylasemia (557 to 1850 Klein units; normal: 130 to 310).

Death resulted from an overdosage in which 1683 mg Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Zinc (Zinc Gluconate)) was delivered intravenously over the course of 60 hours to a 72 year old patient.

Symptoms of Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Zinc (Zinc Gluconate)) toxicity included hypotension (80/40 mm Hg), pulmonary edema, diarrhea, vomiting, jaundice, and oliguria, with a serum Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Zinc (Zinc Gluconate)) level of 4184 mcg/dl.

Calcium supplements may confer a protective effect against Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Zinc (Zinc Gluconate)) toxicity.

DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION

Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Zinc (Zinc Gluconate)) 1 mg/mL (Zinc Chloride Injection, USP) contains 1 mg zinc/mL and is administered intravenously only after dilution. The additive should be diluted prior to administration in a volume of fluid not less than 100 mL. For the metabolically stable adult receiving TPN, the suggested intravenous dosage is 2.5 to 4 mg zinc/day (2.5 to 4 mL/day). An additional 2 mg zinc/day (2 mL/day) is suggested for acute catabolic states. For the stable adult with fluid loss from the small bowel, an additional 12.2 mg zinc/liter of small bowel fluid lost (12.2 mL/liter of small bowel fluid lost), or an additional 17.1 mg zinc/kg of stool or ileostomy output (17.1 mL/kg of stool or ileostomy output) is recommended. Frequent monitoring of Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Zinc (Zinc Gluconate)) blood levels is suggested for patients receiving more than the usual maintenance dosage level of Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Zinc (Zinc Gluconate)).

For full term infants and children up to 5 years of age, 100 mcg zinc/kg/day (0.1 mL/kg/day) is recommended. For premature infants (birth weight less than 1500 g) up to 3 kg in body weight, 300 mcg zinc/kg/day (0.3 mL/kg/day) is suggested.

Parenteral drug products should be inspected visually for particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration, whenever solution and container permit. See PRECAUTIONS.

HOW SUPPLIED

Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Zinc (Zinc Gluconate)) 1 mg/mL (Zinc Chloride Injection, USP) is supplied in 10 mL Plastic Vials (List No. 4090).

Store at 20 to 25°C (68 to 77°F).

Revised: October, 2004


© Hospira 2004 EN-0488 Printed in USA

HOSPIRA, INC., LAKE FOREST, IL 60045 USA

10 mL Vial

Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Zinc (Zinc Gluconate))

1 mg/mL

Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc (Zinc (Zinc Gluconate)) Chloride Inj., USP

Rx only

FOR I.V. USE ONLY AFTER DILUTION.

HOSPIRA, INC., LAKE FOREST, IL 60045 USA

Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc pharmaceutical active ingredients containing related brand and generic drugs:

Active ingredient is the part of the drug or medicine which is biologically active. This portion of the drug is responsible for the main action of the drug which is intended to cure or reduce the symptom or disease. The other portions of the drug which are inactive are called excipients; there role is to act as vehicle or binder. In contrast to active ingredient, the inactive ingredient's role is not significant in the cure or treatment of the disease. There can be one or more active ingredients in a drug.


Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc available forms, composition, doses:

Form of the medicine is the form in which the medicine is marketed in the market, for example, a medicine X can be in the form of capsule or the form of chewable tablet or the form of tablet. Sometimes same medicine can be available as injection form. Each medicine cannot be in all forms but can be marketed in 1, 2, or 3 forms which the pharmaceutical company decided based on various background research results.
Composition is the list of ingredients which combinedly form a medicine. Both active ingredients and inactive ingredients form the composition. The active ingredient gives the desired therapeutic effect whereas the inactive ingredient helps in making the medicine stable.
Doses are various strengths of the medicine like 10mg, 20mg, 30mg and so on. Each medicine comes in various doses which is decided by the manufacturer, that is, pharmaceutical company. The dose is decided on the severity of the symptom or disease.


Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc destination | category:

Destination is defined as the organism to which the drug or medicine is targeted. For most of the drugs what we discuss, human is the drug destination.
Drug category can be defined as major classification of the drug. For example, an antihistaminic or an antipyretic or anti anginal or pain killer, anti-inflammatory or so.


Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical codes:

A medicine is classified depending on the organ or system it acts [Anatomical], based on what result it gives on what disease, symptom [Therapeutical], based on chemical composition [Chemical]. It is called as ATC code. The code is based on Active ingredients of the medicine. A medicine can have different codes as sometimes it acts on different organs for different indications. Same way, different brands with same active ingredients and same indications can have same ATC code.


Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc pharmaceutical companies:

Pharmaceutical companies are drug manufacturing companies that help in complete development of the drug from the background research to formation, clinical trials, release of the drug into the market and marketing of the drug.
Researchers are the persons who are responsible for the scientific research and is responsible for all the background clinical trials that resulted in the development of the drug.


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References

  1. Dailymed."FOLIC ACID INJECTION, SOLUTION [FRESENIUS KABI USA, LLC]". https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailym... (accessed August 28, 2018).
  2. Dailymed."ASCORBIC ACID; BIOTIN; CYANOCOBALAMIN; DEXPANTHENOL; ERGOCALCIFEROL; FOLIC ACID; NIACINAMIDE; PHYTONADIONE; PYRIDOXINE HYDROCHLORIDE; RIBOFLAVIN 5'-PHOSPHATE SODIUM; THIAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE; VITAMIN A; VITAMIN E: DailyMed provides trustworthy information about marketed drugs in the United States. DailyMed is the official provider of FDA label information (package inserts).". https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailym... (accessed August 28, 2018).
  3. Dailymed."CHOLECALCIFEROL: DailyMed provides trustworthy information about marketed drugs in the United States. DailyMed is the official provider of FDA label information (package inserts).". https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailym... (accessed August 28, 2018).

Frequently asked Questions

Can i drive or operate heavy machine after consuming Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc?

Depending on the reaction of the Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc after taken, if you are feeling dizziness, drowsiness or any weakness as a reaction on your body, Then consider Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc not safe to drive or operate heavy machine after consumption. Meaning that, do not drive or operate heavy duty machines after taking the capsule if the capsule has a strange reaction on your body like dizziness, drowsiness. As prescribed by a pharmacist, it is dangerous to take alcohol while taking medicines as it exposed patients to drowsiness and health risk. Please take note of such effect most especially when taking Primosa capsule. It's advisable to consult your doctor on time for a proper recommendation and medical consultations.

Is Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc addictive or habit forming?

Medicines are not designed with the mind of creating an addiction or abuse on the health of the users. Addictive Medicine is categorically called Controlled substances by the government. For instance, Schedule H or X in India and schedule II-V in the US are controlled substances.

Please consult the medicine instruction manual on how to use and ensure it is not a controlled substance.In conclusion, self medication is a killer to your health. Consult your doctor for a proper prescription, recommendation, and guidiance.

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Review

sdrugs.com conducted a study on Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc, and the result of the survey is set out below. It is noteworthy that the product of the survey is based on the perception and impressions of the visitors of the website as well as the views of Multivitamins, Iron, Zinc consumers. We, as a result of this, advice that you do not base your therapeutic or medical decisions on this result, but rather consult your certified medical experts for their recommendations.

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The information was verified by Dr. Rachana Salvi, MD Pharmacology

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