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DRUGS & SUPPLEMENTS
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What is the dose of the medication you are taking? |
Iron (Ferrous Fumarate):
Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) is indicated for the treatment of Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) deficiency anemia in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD).
Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) is an Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) replacement product indicated for the treatment of Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) deficiency anemia in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). (1)
Multiple Vitamins, Iron ) must only be administered intravenously either by slow injection or by infusion. The dosage of Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) is expressed in mg of elemental Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)). Each mL contains 20 mg of elemental Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)).
Population | Dose | |
Adult patients | Hemodialysis Dependent-Chronic Kidney Disease (HDD-CKD) (2.1) | 100 mg slow intravenous injection or infusion |
Non-Dialysis Dependent-Chronic Kidney Disease (NDD-CKD) (2.2) | 200 mg slow intravenous injection or infusion | |
Peritoneal Dialysis Dependent-Chronic Kidney Disease (PDD-CKD) (2.3) | 300 mg or 400 mg intravenous infusion | |
Pediatric patients | HDD-CKD (2.4), PDD-CKD or NDD-CKD (2.5) | 0.5 mg/kg slow intravenous injection or infusion |
Administer Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) 100 mg undiluted as a slow intravenous injection over 2 to 5 minutes, or as an infusion of 100 mg diluted in a maximum of 100 mL of 0.9% NaCl over a period of at least 15 minutes, per consecutive hemodialysis session. Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) should be administered early during the dialysis session. The usual total treatment course of Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) is 1000 mg. Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) treatment may be repeated if Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) deficiency reoccurs.
Administer Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) 200 mg undiluted as a slow intravenous injection over 2 to 5 minutes or as an infusion of 200 mg in a maximum of 100 mL of 0.9% NaCl over a period of 15 minutes. Administer on 5 different occasions over a 14 day period. There is limited experience with administration of an infusion of 500 mg of Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)), diluted in a maximum of 250 mL of 0.9% NaCl, over a period of 3.5 to 4 hours on Day 1 and Day 14. Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) treatment may be repeated if Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) deficiency reoccurs.
Administer Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) in 3 divided doses, given by slow intravenous infusion, within a 28 day period: 2 infusions each of 300 mg over 1.5 hours 14 days apart followed by one 400 mg infusion over 2.5 hours 14 days later. Dilute Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) in a maximum of 250 mL of 0.9% NaCl. Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) treatment may be repeated if Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) deficiency reoccurs.
The dosing for Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) replacement treatment in pediatric patients with HDD-CKD has not been established.
For Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) maintenance treatment: Administer Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) at a dose of 0.5 mg/kg, not to exceed 100 mg per dose, every two weeks for 12 weeks given undiluted by slow intravenous injection over 5 minutes or diluted in 25 mL of 0.9% NaCl and administered over 5 to 60 minutes. Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) treatment may be repeated if necessary.
The dosing for Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) replacement treatment in pediatric patients with NDD-CKD or PDD-CKD has not been established.
For Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) maintenance treatment: Administer Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) at a dose of 0.5 mg/kg, not to exceed 100 mg per dose, every four weeks for 12 weeks given undiluted by slow intravenous injection over 5 minutes or diluted in 25 mL of 0.9% NaCl and administered over 5 to 60 minutes. Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) treatment may be repeated if necessary.
Serious hypersensitivity reactions, including anaphylactic-type reactions, some of which have been life-threatening and fatal, have been reported in patients receiving Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)). Patients may present with shock, clinically significant hypotension, loss of consciousness, and/or collapse. If hypersensitivity reactions or signs of intolerance occur during administration, stop Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) immediately. Monitor patients for signs and symptoms of hypersensitivity during and after Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) administration for at least 30 minutes and until clinically stable following completion of the infusion. Only administer Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) when personnel and therapies are immediately available for the treatment of serious hypersensitivity reactions. Most reactions associated with intravenous Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) preparations occur within 30 minutes of the completion of the infusion .
Multiple Vitamins, Iron ) may cause clinically significant hypotension. Monitor for signs and symptoms of hypotension following each administration of Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)). Hypotension following administration of Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) may be related to the rate of administration and/or total dose administered .
Excessive therapy with parenteral Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) can lead to excess storage of Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) with the possibility of iatrogenic hemosiderosis. All adult and pediatric patients receiving Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) require periodic monitoring of hematologic and Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) parameters (hemoglobin, hematocrit, serum ferritin and transferrin saturation). Do not administer Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) to patients with evidence of Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) overload. Transferrin saturation (TSAT) values increase rapidly after intravenous administration of Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) sucrose; do not perform serum Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) measurements for at least 48 hours after intravenous dosing .
The following serious adverse reactions associated with Multiple Vitamins, Iron ) are described in other sections .
To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact American Regent, Inc. at 1-800-734-9236 or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch .
Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug may not reflect the rates observed in practice.
Adverse Reactions in Adult Patients with CKD
The frequency of adverse reactions associated with the use of Multiple Vitamins, Iron ) has been documented in six clinical trials involving 231 patients with HDD-CKD, 139 patients with NDD-CKD and 75 patients with PDD-CKD. Treatment-emergent adverse reactions reported by ≥ 2% of treated patients in the six clinical trials for which the rate for Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) exceeds the rate for comparator are listed by indication in Table 1. Patients with HDD-CKD received 100 mg doses at 10 consecutive dialysis sessions until a cumulative dose of 1000 mg was administered. Patients with NDD-CKD received either 5 doses of 200 mg over 2 weeks or 2 doses of 500 mg separated by fourteen days, and patients with PDD-CKD received 2 doses of 300 mg followed by a dose of 400 mg over a period of 4 weeks.
* EPO=Erythropoietin | |||||
Adverse Reactions (Preferred Term) | HDD-CKD | NDD-CKD | PDD-CKD | ||
Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) | Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) | Oral Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) | Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) | EPO* Only | |
(N=231) | (N=139) | (N=139) | (N=75) | (N=46) | |
% | % | % | % | % | |
Subjects with any adverse reaction | 78.8 | 76.3 | 73.4 | 72.0 | 65.2 |
Ear and Labyrinth Disorders | |||||
Ear Pain | 0 | 2.2 | 0.7 | 0 | 0 |
Eye Disorders | |||||
Conjunctivitis | 0.4 | 0 | 0 | 2.7 | 0 |
Gastrointestinal Disorders | |||||
Abdominal pain | 3.5 | 1.4 | 2.9 | 4.0 | 6.5 |
Diarrhea | 5.2 | 7.2 | 10.1 | 8.0 | 4.3 |
Dysgeusia | 0.9 | 7.9 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Nausea | 14.7 | 8.6 | 12.2 | 5.3 | 4.3 |
Vomiting | 9.1 | 5.0 | 8.6 | 8.0 | 2.2 |
General Disorders and | |||||
Administration Site Conditions | |||||
Asthenia | 2.2 | 0.7 | 2.2 | 2.7 | 0 |
Chest pain | 6.1 | 1.4 | 0 | 2.7 | 0 |
Feeling abnormal | 3.0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Infusion site pain or burning | 0 | 5.8 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Injection site extravasation | 0 | 2.2 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Peripheral edema | 2.6 | 7.2 | 5.0 | 5.3 | 10.9 |
Pyrexia | 3.0 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 1.3 | 0 |
Infections and Infestations | |||||
Nasopharyngitis, Sinusitis, Upper respiratory tract infections, Pharyngitis | 2.6 | 2.2 | 4.3 | 16.0 | 4.3 |
Injury, Poisoning and Procedural | |||||
Complications | |||||
Graft complication | 9.5 | 1.4 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Metabolism and Nutrition Disorders | |||||
Fluid overload | 3.0 | 1.4 | 0.7 | 1.3 | 0 |
Gout | 0 | 2.9 | 1.4 | 0 | 0 |
Hyperglycemia | 0 | 2.9 | 0 | 0 | 2.2 |
Hypoglycemia | 0.4 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 4.0 | 0 |
Musculoskeletal and Connective | |||||
Tissue Disorders | |||||
Arthralgia | 3.5 | 1.4 | 2.2 | 4.0 | 4.3 |
Back pain | 2.2 | 2.2 | 3.6 | 1.3 | 4.3 |
Muscle cramp | 29.4 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 2.7 | 0 |
Myalgia | 0 | 3.6 | 0 | 1.3 | 0 |
Pain in extremity | 5.6 | 4.3 | 0 | 2.7 | 6.5 |
Nervous System Disorders | |||||
Dizziness | 6.5 | 6.5 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 4.3 |
Headache | 12.6 | 2.9 | 0.7 | 4.0 | 0 |
Respiratory, Thoracic and | |||||
Mediastinal Disorders | |||||
Cough | 3.0 | 2.2 | 0.7 | 1.3 | 0 |
Dyspnea | 3.5 | 5.8 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 2.2 |
Nasal congestion | 0 | 1.4 | 2.2 | 1.3 | 0 |
Skin and Subcutaneous | |||||
Tissue Disorders | |||||
Pruritus | 3.9 | 2.2 | 4.3 | 2.7 | 0 |
Vascular Disorders | |||||
Hypertension | 6.5 | 6.5 | 4.3 | 8.0 | 6.5 |
Hypotension | 39.4 | 2.2 | 0.7 | 2.7 | 2.2 |
One hundred thirty (11%) of the 1,151 patients evaluated in the 4 U.S. trials in HDD-CKD patients (studies A, B and the two post marketing studies) had prior other intravenous Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) therapy and were reported to be intolerant (defined as precluding further use of that Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) product). When these patients were treated with Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) there were no occurrences of adverse reactions that precluded further use of Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) .
Adverse Reactions in Pediatric Patients with CKD (ages 2 years and older)
In a randomized, open-label, dose-ranging trial for Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) maintenance treatment with Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) in pediatric patients with CKD on stable erythropoietin therapy , at least one treatment-emergent adverse reaction was experienced by 57% (27/47) of the patients receiving Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) 0.5 mg/kg, 53% (25/47) of the patients receiving Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) 1.0 mg/kg, and 55% (26/47) of the patients receiving Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) 2.0 mg/kg.
A total of 5 (11%) subjects in the Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) 0.5 mg/kg group, 10 (21%) patients in the Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) 1.0 mg/kg group, and 10 (21%) patients in the Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) 2.0 mg/kg group experienced at least 1 serious adverse reaction during the study. The most common treatment-emergent adverse reactions (> 2% of patients) in all patients were headache (6%), respiratory tract viral infection (4%), peritonitis (4%), vomiting (4%), pyrexia (4%), dizziness (4%), cough (4%), renal transplant (4%), nausea (3%), arteriovenous fistula thrombosis (2%), hypotension (2%), and hypertension (2.1%).
Because these reactions are reported voluntarily from a population of uncertain size, it is not always possible to reliably estimate their frequency or establish a causal relationship to drug exposure.
In the post-marketing safety studies in 1,051 treated patients with HDD-CKD, the adverse reactions reported by > 1% were: cardiac failure congestive, sepsis and dysgeusia.
The following adverse reactions have been identified during post-approval use of Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)). Because these reactions are reported voluntarily from a population of uncertain size, it is not always possible to reliably estimate their frequency or establish a causal relationship to drug exposure: Anaphylactic-type reactions, shock, loss of consciousness, collapse, bronchospasm, dyspnea, convulsions, light-headedness, confusion, angioedema, swelling of the joints, hyperhidrosis, back pain, bradycardia, and chromaturia.
Symptoms associated with Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) total dosage or infusing too rapidly included hypotension, dyspnea, headache, vomiting, nausea, dizziness, joint aches, paresthesia, abdominal and muscle pain, edema, and cardiovascular collapse. These adverse reactions have occurred up to 30 minutes after the administration of Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) injection. Reactions have occurred following the first dose or subsequent doses of Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)). Symptoms may respond to intravenous fluids, hydrocortisone, and/or antihistamines. Slowing the infusion rate may alleviate symptoms.
Injection site discoloration has been reported following extravasation. Assure stable intravenous access to avoid extravasation.
Drug interactions involving Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) have not been studied. However, Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) may reduce the absorption of concomitantly administered oral Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) preparations.
Pregnancy Category B
There are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. In animal reproduction studies, Multiple Vitamins, Iron ) sucrose was administered intravenously to rats and rabbits during the period of organogenesis at doses up to 13 mg/kg/day of elemental Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) (half or equivalent to the maximum recommended human dose based on body surface area, respectively) and revealed no evidence of harm to the fetus due to Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) sucrose. Because animal reproductive studies are not always predictive of human response, Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed.
It is not known whether Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) sucrose is excreted in human milk. Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) sucrose is secreted into the milk of lactating rats. Because many drugs are excreted in human milk, caution should be exercised when Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) is administered to a nursing woman.
Safety and effectiveness of Multiple Vitamins, Iron ) for Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) replacement treatment in pediatric patients with dialysis-dependent or non-dialysis-dependent CKD have not been established.
Safety and effectiveness of Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) for Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) maintenance treatment in pediatric patients 2 years of age and older with dialysis-dependent or non-dialysis-dependent CKD receiving erythropoietin therapy were studied. Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) at doses of 0.5 mg/kg, 1.0 mg/kg, and 2.0 mg/kg was administered. All three doses maintained hemoglobin between 10.5 g/dL and 14.0 g/dL in about 50% of subjects over the 12-week treatment period with stable EPO dosing. [See Clinical Studies (14.6)]
Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) has not been studied in patients younger than 2 years of age.
In a country where Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) is available for use in children, at a single site, five premature infants (weight less than 1,250 g) developed necrotizing enterocolitis and two of the five died during or following a period when they received Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)), several other medications and erythropoietin. Necrotizing enterocolitis may be a complication of prematurity in very low birth weight infants. No causal relationship to Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) or any other drugs could be established.
Clinical studies of Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) did not include sufficient numbers of subjects aged 65 years and older to determine whether they respond differently from younger subjects. Of the 1,051 patients in two post-marketing safety studies of Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)), 40% were 65 years and older. No overall differences in safety were observed between these subjects and younger subjects, and other reported clinical experience has not identified differences in responses between the elderly and younger patients, but greater sensitivity of some older individuals cannot be ruled out. In general, dose administration to an elderly patient should be cautious, reflecting the greater frequency of decreased hepatic, renal, or cardiac function, and of concomitant disease or other drug therapy.
No data are available regarding overdosage of Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) in humans. Excessive dosages of Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) may lead to accumulation of Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) in storage sites potentially leading to hemosiderosis. Do not administer Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) to patients with Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) overload.
Toxicities in single-dose studies in mice and rats, at intravenous Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) sucrose doses up to 8 times the maximum recommended human dose based on body surface area, included sedation, hypoactivity, pale eyes, bleeding in the gastrointestinal tract and lungs, and mortality.
Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) (iron sucrose injection, USP), an Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) replacement product, is a brown, sterile, aqueous, complex of polynuclear Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) (III)-hydroxide in sucrose for intravenous use. Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) sucrose injection has a molecular weight of approximately 34,000 to 60,000 daltons and a proposed structural formula:
[Na2Fe5O8(OH) ·3(H2O)]n ·m(C12H22O11)
where: n is the degree of Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) polymerization and m is the number of sucrose molecules associated with the Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) (III)-hydroxide.
Each mL contains 20 mg elemental Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) as Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) sucrose in water for injection. Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) is available in 10 mL single-use vials (200 mg elemental Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) per 10 mL), 5 mL single-use vials (100 mg elemental Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) per 5 mL), and 2.5 mL single-use vials (50 mg elemental Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) per 2.5 mL). The drug product contains approximately 30% sucrose w/v (300 mg/mL) and has a pH of 10.5 to 11.1. The product contains no preservatives. The osmolarity of the injection is 1,250 mOsmol/L.
Multiple Vitamins, Iron ) is an aqueous complex of poly-nuclear Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) (III)-hydroxide in sucrose. Following intravenous administration, Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) is dissociated into Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) and sucrose and the Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) is transported as a complex with transferrin to target cells including erythroid precursor cells. The Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) in the precursor cells is incorporated into hemoglobin as the cells mature into red blood cells.
Following intravenous administration, Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) is dissociated into Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) and sucrose. In 22 patients undergoing hemodialysis and receiving erythropoietin (recombinant human erythropoietin) therapy treated with Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) sucrose containing 100 mg of Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)), three times weekly for three weeks, significant increases in serum Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) and serum ferritin and significant decreases in total Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) binding capacity occurred four weeks from the initiation of Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) sucrose treatment.
In healthy adults administered intravenous doses of Multiple Vitamins, Iron ), its Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) component exhibited first order kinetics with an elimination half-life of 6 h, total clearance of 1.2 L/h, and steady state apparent volume of distribution of 7.9 L. The Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) component appeared to distribute mainly in blood and to some extent in extravascular fluid. A study evaluating Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) containing 100 mg of Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) labeled with 52Fe/59Fe in patients with Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) deficiency showed that a significant amount of the administered Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) is distributed to the liver, spleen and bone marrow and that the bone marrow is an irreversible Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) trapping compartment.
Following intravenous administration of Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)), Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) sucrose is dissociated into Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) and sucrose. The sucrose component is eliminated mainly by urinary excretion. In a study evaluating a single intravenous dose of Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) containing 1,510 mg of sucrose and 100 mg of Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) in 12 healthy adults (9 female, 3 male: age range 32 to 52), 68.3% of the sucrose was eliminated in urine in 4 h and 75.4% in 24 h. Some Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) was also eliminated in the urine. Neither transferrin nor transferrin receptor levels changed immediately after the dose administration. In this study and another study evaluating a single intravenous dose of Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) sucrose containing 500 to 700 mg of Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) in 26 patients with anemia on erythropoietin therapy (23 female, 3 male; age range 16 to 60), approximately 5% of the Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) was eliminated in urine in 24 h at each dose level. The effects of age and gender on the pharmacokinetics of Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) have not been studied.
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients
In a single-dose PK study of Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)), patients with NDD-CDK ages 12 to 16 (N=11) received intravenous bolus doses of Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) at 7 mg/kg (maximum 200 mg) administered over 5 minutes. Following single dose Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)), the half-life of total serum Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) was 8 hours. The mean Cmax and AUC values were 8545 μg/dl and 31305 hr-μg/dL, respectively, which were 1.42- and 1.67-fold higher than dose adjusted adult Cmax and AUC values.
Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) is not dialyzable through CA210 (Baxter) High Efficiency or Fresenius F80A High Flux dialysis membranes. In in vitro studies, the amount of Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) sucrose in the dialysate fluid was below the levels of detection of the assay (less than 2 parts per million).
Carcinogenicity studies have not been performed with Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) sucrose.
Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) sucrose was not mutagenic in vitro in the bacterial reverse mutation assay (Ames test) or the mouse lymphoma assay. Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) sucrose was not clastogenic in the in vitro chromosome aberration assay using human lymphocytes or in the in vivo mouse micronucleus assay.
Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) sucrose at intravenous doses up to 15 mg/kg/day of elemental Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) (1.2 times the maximum recommended human dose based on body surface area) had no effect on fertility and reproductive function of male and female rats.
Five clinical trials involving 647 adult patients and one clinical trial involving 131 pediatric patients were conducted to assess the safety and efficacy of Multiple Vitamins, Iron ).
Study A was a multicenter, open-label, historically-controlled study in 101 patients with HDD-CKD (77 patients with Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) treatment and 24 in the historical control group) with Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) deficiency anemia. Eligibility criteria for Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) treatment included patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis, receiving erythropoietin, hemoglobin level between 8.0 and 11.0 g/dL, transferrin saturation < 20%, and serum ferritin < 300 ng/mL. The mean age of the patients was 65 years with the age range of 31 to 85 years. Of the 77 patients, 44 (57%) were male and 33 (43%) were female.
Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) 100 mg was administered at 10 consecutive dialysis sessions either as slow injection or a slow infusion. The historical control population consisted of 24 patients with similar ferritin levels as patients treated with Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)), who were off intravenous Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) for at least 2 weeks and who had received erythropoietin therapy with hematocrit averaging 31 to 36 for at least two months prior to study entry. The mean age of patients in the historical control group was 56 years, with an age range of 29 to 80 years. Patient age and serum ferritin level were similar between treatment and historical control patients.
Patients in the Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) treated population showed a greater increase in hemoglobin and hematocrit than did patients in the historical control population. See Table 2.
**p < 0.01 and *p < 0.05 compared to historical control from ANCOVA analysis with baseline hemoglobin, serum ferritin and erythropoietin dose as covariates. | ||||||
Efficacy parameters | End of treatment | 2 week follow-up | 5 week follow-up | |||
Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) (n=69 | Historical Control (n=18) | Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) (n=73) | Historical Control (n=18) | Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) (n=71) | Historical Control (n=15) | |
Hemoglobin (g/dL) | 1.0 ± 0.12** | 0.0 ± 0.21 | 1.3 ± 0.14** | -0.6 ± 0.24 | 1.2 ± 0.17* | -0.1 ± 0.23 |
Hematocrit (%) | 3.1 ± 0.37** | -0.3 ± 0.65 | 3.6 ± 0.44** | -1.2 ± 0.76 | 3.3 ± 0.54 | 0.2 ± 0.86 |
Serum ferritin increased at endpoint of study from baseline in the Venofer-treated population (165.3 ± 24.2 ng/mL) compared to the historical control population (-27.6 ± 9.5 ng/mL). Transferrin saturation also increased at endpoint of study from baseline in the Venofer-treated population (8.8 ± 1.6%) compared to this historical control population (-5.1 ± 4.3%).
Study B was a multicenter, open label study of Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) in 23 patients with Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) deficiency and HDD-CKD who had been discontinued from Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) dextran due to intolerance. Eligibility criteria were otherwise identical to Study A. The mean age of the patients in this study was 53 years, with ages ranging from 21 to 79 years. Of the 23 patients enrolled in the study, 10 (44%) were male and 13 (56%) were female.
All 23 enrolled patients were evaluated for efficacy. Increases in mean hemoglobin (1.1 ± 0.2 g/dL), hematocrit (3.6 ± 0.6%), serum ferritin (266.3 ± 30.3 ng/mL) and transferrin saturation (8.7 ± 2.0%) were observed from baseline to end of treatment.
Study C was a multicenter, open-label study in patients with HDD-CKD. This study enrolled patients with a hemoglobin ≤ 10 g/dL, a serum transferrin saturation ≤ 20%, and a serum ferritin ≤ 200 ng/mL, who were undergoing maintenance hemodialysis 2 to 3 times weekly. The mean age of the patients enrolled in this study was 41 years, with ages ranging from 16 to 70 years. Of 130 patients evaluated for efficacy in this study, 68 (52%) were male and 62 (48%) were female. Forty-eight percent of the patients had previously been treated with oral Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)). Exclusion criteria were similar to those in studies A and B. Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) was administered in doses of 100 mg during sequential dialysis sessions until a pre-determined (calculated) total dose of Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) was administered. A 50 mg dose (2.5 mL) was given to patients within two weeks of study entry as a test dose. Twenty-seven patients (20%) were receiving erythropoietin treatment at study entry and they continued to receive the same erythropoietin dose for the duration of the study.
The modified intention-to-treat (mITT) population consisted of 131 patients. Increases from baseline in mean hemoglobin (1.7 g/dL), hematocrit (5%), serum ferritin (434.6 ng/mL), and serum transferrin saturation (14%) were observed at week 2 of the observation period and these values remained increased at week 4 of the observation period.
Study D was a randomized, open-label, multicenter, active-controlled study of the safety and efficacy of oral Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) versus Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) in patients with NDD-CKD with or without erythropoietin therapy. Erythropoietin therapy was stable for 8 weeks prior to randomization. In the study 188 patients with NDD-CKD, hemoglobin of ≤ 11.0 g/dL, transferrin saturation ≤ 25%, ferritin ≤ 300 ng/mL were randomized to receive oral Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) (325 mg ferrous sulfate three times daily for 56 days); or Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) (either 200 mg over 2 to 5 minutes 5 times within 14 days or two 500 mg infusions on Day 1 and Day 14, administered over 3.5 to 4 hours). The mean age of the 91 treated patients in the Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) group was 61.6 years (range 25 to 86 years) and 64 years (range 21 to 86 years) for the 91 patients in the oral Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) group.
A statistically significantly greater proportion of Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) subjects (35/79; 44.3%) compared to oral Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) subjects (23/82; 28%) had an increase in hemoglobin ≥ 1 g/dL at anytime during the study (p = 0.03).
Study E was a randomized, open-label, multicenter study comparing patients with PDD-CKD receiving an erythropoietin and intravenous Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) to patients with PDD-CKD receiving an erythropoietin alone without Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) supplementation. Patients with PDD-CKD, stable erythropoietin for 8 weeks, hemoglobin of ≤ 11.5 g/dL, TSAT ≤ 25%, ferritin ≤ 500 ng/mL were randomized to receive either no Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) or Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) (300 mg in 250 mL 0.9% NaCl over 1.5 hours on Day 1 and 15 and 400 mg in 250 mL 0.9% NaCl over 2.5 hours on Day 29). The mean age of the 75 treated patients in the Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) / erythropoietin group was 51.9 years (range 21 to 81 years) vs. 52.8 years (range 23 to 77 years) for 46 patients in the erythropoietin alone group.
Patients in the Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) / erythropoietin group had statistically significantly greater mean change from baseline to the highest hemoglobin value (1.3 g/dL), compared to subjects who received erythropoietin alone (0.6 g/dL) (p < 0.01). A greater proportion of subjects treated with Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) / erythropoietin (59.1 %) had an increase in hemoglobin of ≥ 1 g/dL at any time during the study compared to the subjects who received erythropoietin only (33.3%).
Study F was a randomized, open-label, dose-ranging study for Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) maintenance treatment in pediatric patients with dialysis-dependent or non-dialysis-dependent CKD on stable erythropoietin therapy. The study randomized patients to one of three doses of Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) (0.5 mg/kg, 1.0 mg/kg or 2.0 mg/kg). The mean age was 13 years (range 2 to 20 years). Over 70% of patients were 12 years or older in all three groups. There were 84 males and 61 females. About 60% of patients underwent hemodialysis and 25% underwent peritoneal dialysis in all three dose groups. At baseline, the mean hemoglobin was 12 g/dL, the mean TSAT was 33% and the mean ferritin was 300 ng/mL. Patients with HDD-CKD received Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) once every other week for 6 doses. Patients with PDD-CKD or NDD-CKD received Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) once every 4 weeks for 3 doses. Among 131 evaluable patients with stable erythropoietin dosing, the proportion of patients who maintained hemoglobin between 10.5 g/dL and 14.0 g/dL during the 12-week treatment period was 58.7%, 46.7%, and 45.0% in the Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) 0.5 mg/kg, 1.0 mg/kg, and 2.0 mg/kg groups, respectively. A dose-response relationship was not demonstrated.
Multiple Vitamins, Iron ) is supplied sterile in 10 mL, 5 mL, and 2.5 mL single-use vials. Each 10 mL vial contains 200 mg elemental Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)), each 5 mL vial contains 100 mg elemental Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)), and each 2.5 mL vial contains 50 mg elemental Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) (20 mg/mL).
NDC-0517-2310-05 | 200 mg/10 mL Single-Use Vial | Packages of 5 |
NDC-0517-2310-10 | 200 mg/10 mL Single-Use Vial | Packages of 10 |
NDC-0517-2340-01 | 100 mg/5 mL Single-Use Vial | Individually Boxed |
NDC-0517-2340-10 | 100 mg/5 mL Single-Use Vial | Packages of 10 |
NDC-0517-2340-25 | 100 mg/5 mL Single-Use Vial | Packages of 25 |
NDC-0517-2340-99 | 100 mg/5 mL Single-Use Vial | Packages of 10 |
NDC-0517-2325-10 | 50 mg/2.5 mL Single-Use Vial | Packages of 10 |
NDC-0517-2325-25 | 50 mg/2.5 mL Single-Use Vial | Packages of 25 |
Contains no preservatives. Store in original carton at 20°C to 25°C (68° F to 77° F); excursions permitted to 15° to 30°C (59° to 86°F).. Do not freeze.
Syringe Stability: Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)), when diluted with 0.9% NaCl at concentrations ranging from 2 mg to 10 mg of elemental Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) per mL, or undiluted (20 mg elemental Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) per mL) and stored in a plastic syringe, was found to be physically and chemically stable for 7 days at controlled room temperature (25°C ± 2°C) and under refrigeration (4°C ± 2°C).
Intravenous Admixture Stability: Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)), when added to intravenous infusion bags (PVC or non-PVC) containing 0.9% NaCl at concentrations ranging from 1 mg to 2 mg of elemental Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) per mL, has been found to be physically and chemically stable for 7 days at controlled room temperature (25°C ± 2°C).
Do not dilute to concentrations below 1 mg/mL.
Do not mix Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) with other medications or add to parenteral nutrition solutions for intravenous infusion.
Parenteral drug products should be inspected visually for particulate matter and discoloration prior to infusion.
Prior to Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) administration:
AMERICAN
REGENT, INC.
SHIRLEY, NY 11967
Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Iron (Ferrous Fumarate)) is manufactured under license from Vifor (International) Inc., Switzerland.
PremierProRx® is a trademark of Premier, Inc., used under license.
PREMIERProRx®
IN2340
MG #15727
Vitamin A (Retinol Palmitate):
One tablet daily or as directed by a physician.
Supplement Facts | ||
---|---|---|
Serving Size 1 Tablet Servings Per Container 100 | ||
Amount Per Serving | % Daily Value | |
Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Vitamin A (Retinol Palmitate)) | 2500 IU | 50% |
Vitamin C | 60 mg | 100% |
Vitamin D | 400 IU | 100% |
Vitamin E | 15 IU | 50% |
Thiamine | 1.05 mg | 70% |
Riboflavin | 1.2 mg | 70% |
Niacinamide | 13.5 mg | 68% |
Vitamin B6 | 1.05 mg | 53% |
Folic Acid | 0.3 mg | 75% |
Vitamin B12 | 4.5 mcg | 75% |
Fluoride | 0.25 mg | |
KEEP OUT OF THE REACH OF CHILDREN.
In case of accidental overdose, seek professional assistance or contact a Poison Control Center immediately.
Other Ingredients: Artificial cherry flavor, artificial grape flavor, ascorbic acid, cholecalciferol, compressible sugar, D&C Red #7 calcium lake, FD&C Blue #1 aluminum lake, FD&C Yellow #6 aluminum lake, folic acid, magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose, natural and artificial orange flavor, niacinamide, polyethylene glycol, pyridoxine HCl, riboflavin, sodium ascorbate, sodium fluoride, stearic acid, sucralose, thiamine HCl, Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Vitamin A (Retinol Palmitate)) acetate, vitamin B12 and vitamin E acetate.
Active ingredient for caries prophylaxis: Fluoride as sodium fluoride.
Significant decrease in the incidence of dental caries can be linked to the fluoridation of the water supply (1ppm fluoride) during the period of tooth development.
Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Vitamin A (Retinol Palmitate)) Tablets provide sodium fluoride and ten essential vitamins in a chewable tablet. Because the tablets are chewable, they provide a topical as well as systemic source of fluoride. Hydroxyapatite is the principal crystal for all calcified tissue in the human body. The fluoride ion reacts with the Hydroxyapatite in the tooth as it is formed to produce the more caries-resistant crystal, fluorapatite.
The reaction may be expressed by the equation:
Ca10(PO4)6(OH2) + 2F- | Ca10 (PO4)6F2 + 2OH- |
(Hydroxyapatite) | (Fluorapatite) |
Three stages of fluoride deposition in tooth enamel can be distinguished:
Multivitamins with fluoride offer supplementation of the diet with 10 vitamins and fluoride.
AS IN THE CASE OF ALL MEDICATIONS, KEEP OUT OF THE REACH OF CHILDREN. This tablet should be chewed. This product, as with all chewable tablets are not recommended for children under the age of 4 due to risk of choking.
The suggested dose of Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Vitamin A (Retinol Palmitate)) Tablets should not be exceeded, since dental fluorosis may result from continued ingestion of large amounts of fluoride.
Before recommending Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Vitamin A (Retinol Palmitate)) Tablets
Allergic rash and other idiosyncrasies have been rarely reported.
To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact H2-Pharma, LLC at 1 (866) 592-6438 or FDA at 1 (800) 332-1088 or via the web at www.fda.gov/medwatch/index.html for voluntary reporting of adverse reactions.
One tablet daily or as directed by a physician.
Multiple Vitamins, Iron ) Tablets 0.25 mg are available as orange, red and purple chewable tablets imprinted with "151" in 100 tablet bottles.
Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Vitamin A (Retinol Palmitate)) Tablets 0.5 mg are available as orange, red and purple chewable tablets imprinted with "152" in 100 tablet bottles.
Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Vitamin A (Retinol Palmitate)) Tablets 1.0 mg are available as orange, red and purple chewable tablets imprinted with "153" in 100 tablet bottles.
Store at controlled room temperature 20ºC-25ºC (68º-77ºF), excursions permitted between 15º-30ºC (59º-86ºF).
Distributed by:
H2-Pharma, LLC
2010 Berry Chase Place
Montgomery, AL 36117
www.h2-pharma.com
1067084
61269-151-01
MultiVitamin
with Fluoride
Chewable Tablets
Rx
0.25 mg
MultiVitamin and Fluoride Supplement
Dietary Supplement
100 Tablets
H2pharma
Vitamin B12 (Cyanocobalamin):
Multiple Vitamins, Iron ) refers to a group of water-soluble vitamins. It has high biological activity. Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Vitamin B12 (Cyanocobalamin)) is necessary for normal hematopoiesis (promotes maturation of erythrocytes). Involved in the processes of transmethylation, hydrogen transport, synthesis of methionine, nucleic acids, choline, creatine. Contributes to the accumulation in erythrocytes of compounds containing sulfhydryl groups. Has a beneficial effect on liver function and the nervous system. Activates the coagulation of blood in high doses causes an increase in the activity of thromboplastin and prothrombin.
After oral administration Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Vitamin B12 (Cyanocobalamin)) absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Metabolized in the tissues, becoming a co-enzyme form - adenosylcobalamin which is the active form of cyanocobalamin. Excreted in bile and urine.
Anemia due to B12-deficiency conditions; in the complex therapy for iron and posthemorrhagic anemia; aplastic anemia caused by toxic substances and drugs; liver disease (hepatitis, cirrhosis); funicular myelosis; polyneuritis, radiculitis, neuralgia, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; children cerebral palsy, Down syndrome, peripheral nerve injury; skin diseases (psoriasis, photodermatosis, herpetiformis dermatitis, neurodermatitis); to prevent and treat symptoms of deficiency of Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Vitamin B12 (Cyanocobalamin)) (including the application of biguanide, PASA, vitamin C in high doses); radiation sickness.
Multiple Vitamins, Iron ) is used as injections SC, IV, IM, intralumbar, and also oral. With anemia associated with Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Vitamin B12 (Cyanocobalamin)) deficiency is introduced on 100-200 mcg in 2 days. In anemia with symptoms of funicular myelosis and megalocytic anemia with diseases of the nervous system - 400-500 micrograms in the first 7 days daily, then 1 time every 5-7 days. In the period of remission in the absence of events funicular myelosis maintenance dose - 100 mcg 2 times a month, in the presence of neurological symptoms - at 200-400 mcg 2-4 times a month. In acute post-hemorrhagic anemia and iron anemia by 30-100 mcg 2-3 times a week. When aplastic anemia (especially in children) - 100 micrograms before clinical improvement. When nutritional anemia in infants and preterm - 30 mcg / day during 15 days.
In diseases of the central and peripheral nervous system and neurological diseases with a pain syndrome is administered in increasing doses - 200-500 mcg, with the improvement in the state - 100 mcg / day. The course of treatment with Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Vitamin B12 (Cyanocobalamin)) is 2 weeks. In traumatic lesions of peripheral nervous system - at 200-400 mcg every other day for 40-45 days.
When hepatitis and cirrhosis - 30-60 mcg / day or 100 mg every other day for 25-40 days.
Dystrophy in young children, Down syndrome and cerebral palsy - by 15-30 mcg every other day.
When funicular myelosis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis can be introduced into the spinal canal at 15-30 mcg, gradually increasing the dose of 200-250 micrograms.
In radiation sickness, diabetic neuropathy, sprue - by 60-100 mcg daily for 20-30 days.
When deficiency of Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Vitamin B12 (Cyanocobalamin)) to prevent - IV or IM for 1 mg 1 time a month; for treatment - IV or IM for 1 mg daily for 1-2 weeks, the maintenance dose is 1-2 mg IV or IM from 1 per week, up to 1 per month. Duration of treatment is determined individually.
CNS: rarely - a state of arousal.
Cardiovascular system: rarely - pain in the heart, tachycardia.
Allergic reactions: rarely - urticaria.
Thromboembolism, erythremia, erythrocytosis, increased sensitivity to cyanocobalamin.
Cyanocobalamin can be used in pregnancy according to prescriptions.
When stenocardia should be used with caution in a single dose of Multiple Vitamins, Iron ) 100 mcg. During treatment should regularly monitor the blood picture and coagulation. It is unacceptable to enter in the same syringe with cyanocobalamin solutions of thiamine and pyridoxine.
In an application of Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Vitamin B12 (Cyanocobalamin)) with hormonal contraceptives for oral administration may decrease the concentration of cyanocobalamin in plasma.
In an application with anticonvulsant drugs decreased cyanocobalamin absorption from the gut.
In an Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Vitamin B12 (Cyanocobalamin)) application with neomycin, aminosalicylic acid, colchicine, cimetidine, ranitidine, drugs potassium decreased cyanocobalamin absorption from the gut.
Cyanocobalamin may exacerbate allergic reactions caused by thiamine.
When parenteral application of chloramphenicol may decrease the hematopoietic effects of cyanocobalamin with anemia.
Pharmaceutical incompatibility
Contained in the molecule of cyanocobalamin cobalt ion contributes to the destruction of ascorbic acid, thiamine bromide, riboflavin in one solution.
Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid):
Multiple Vitamins, Iron ) (vitamin c) is essential for the formation of intracellular collagen, is required to strengthen the structure of teeth, bones, and the capillary walls. Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid)) participates in redox reactions, the metabolism of tyrosine, converting folic acid into folinic acid, metabolism of carbohydrates, the synthesis of lipids and proteins, iron metabolism, processes of cellular respiration. Reduces the need for vitamins B1, B2, A, E, folic acid, pantothenic acid, enhances the body's resistance to infections; enhances iron absorption, contributing to its sequestration in reduced form. Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid)) has antioxidant properties.
With intravaginal application of Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid)) lowers the vaginal pH, inhibiting the growth of bacteria and helps to restore and maintain normal pH and vaginal flora (Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus gasseri).
After oral administration Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid)) is completely absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Widely distributed in body tissues.
The concentration of Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid)) in blood plasma in normal amounts to approximately 10-20 mg / ml.
The concentration of Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid)) in white blood cells and platelets is higher than in erythrocytes and plasma. When deficient state of concentration in leucocytes is reduced later and more slowly and is regarded as the best criterion for evaluating the deficit than the concentration in plasma.
Plasma protein binding is about 25%.
Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid)) is reversibly oxidized to form dehydroascorbic acid, is metabolized with the formation of ascorbate-2-sulphate which is inactive and oxalic acid which is excreted in the urine.
Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid)) taken in excessive quantities is rapidly excreted unchanged in urine, it usually happens when exceeding a daily dose is 200 mg.
For systemic use of Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid)) RiteMED Phils: prevention and treatment of hypo- and avitaminosis of vitamin C; providing increased need for vitamin C during growth, pregnancy, lactation, with heavy loads, fatigue and during recovery after prolonged severe illness; in winter with an increased risk of infectious diseases.
For intravaginal use: chronic or recurrent vaginitis (bacterial vaginosis, nonspecific vaginitis) caused by the anaerobic flora (due to changes in pH of the vagina) in order to normalize disturbed vaginal microflora.
This medication administered orally, IM, IV, intravaginally.
For the prevention of deficiency conditions Multiple Vitamins, Iron ) dose is 25-75 mg / day, for the treatment - 250 mg / day or more in divided doses.
For intravaginal used Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid)) drugs in appropriate dosage forms.
CNS: headache, fatigue, insomnia.
Digestive system: stomach cramps, nausea and vomiting.
Allergic reaction: describes a few cases of skin reactions and manifestations of the respiratory system.
Urinary system: when used in high doses - hyperoxaluria and the formation of kidney stones of calcium oxalate.
Local reactions: with intravaginal application - a burning or itching in the vagina, increased mucous discharge, redness, swelling of the vulva. Other: sensation of heat.
Increased sensitivity to Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid)).
The minimum daily requirement of Multiple Vitamins, Iron ) in the II and III trimester of pregnancy is about 60 mg.
Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid)) crosses the placental barrier. It should be borne in mind that the fetus can adapt to high doses of Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid)), which takes a pregnant woman, and then a newborn baby may develop the ascorbic disease as the reaction of cancel. Therefore, during pregnancy should not to take Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid)) in high doses, except in cases where the expected benefit outweighs the potential risk.
The minimum daily requirement during lactation (breastfeeding) is 80 mg. Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid)) is excreted in breast milk. A mother's diet that contains adequate amounts of Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid)), is sufficient to prevent deficiency in an infant. It is unknown whether dangerous to the child's mother use of Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid)) in high doses. Theoretically it is possible. Therefore, it is recommended not to exceed the maximum daily nursing mother needs to Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid)), except when the expected benefit outweighs the potential risk.
Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid)) is used with caution in patients with hyperoxaluria, renal impairment, a history of instructions on urolithiasis. Because Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid)) increases iron absorption, its use in high doses can be dangerous in patients with hemochromatosis, thalassemia, polycythemia, leukemia, and sideroblastic anemia.
Patients with high content body iron should apply Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid)) in minimal doses.
Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid)) is used with caution in patients with deficiency of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase.
The use of Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid)) in high doses can cause exacerbation of sickle cell anemia.
Data on the diabetogenic action of Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid)) are contradictory. However, prolonged use of Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid)) should periodically monitor your blood glucose levels.
It is believed that the use of Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid)) in patients with rapidly proliferating and widely disseminated tumors may worsen during the process. It should therefore be used with caution in Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid)) in patients with advanced cancer.
Absorption of Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid)) decreased while use of fresh fruit or vegetable juices, alkaline drinking.
In an application with barbiturates, primidone increases the excretion of Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid)) in the urine.
With the simultaneous use of oral contraceptives reduces the concentration of Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid)) in blood plasma.
In an application of Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid)) with iron preparations Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid)), due to its regenerative properties, transforms ferric iron in the bivalent, which improves its absorption.
Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid)) in high doses can decrease urine pH that while the application reduces the tubular reabsorption of amphetamine and tricyclic antidepressants.
With the simultaneous use of aspirin reduces the absorption of Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid)) by about a third.
Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid)) in an application with warfarin may decrease effects of warfarin.
With the simultaneous application of Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid)) increases the excretion of iron in patients receiving deferoxamine. In the application of Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid)) at a dose of 500 mg / day possibly left ventricular dysfunction.
In an application with tetracycline is increased excretion of Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid)) in the urine.
There is a described case of reducing the concentration of fluphenazine in plasma in patients treated with Multiple Vitamins, Iron (Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid)) 500 mg 2 times / day.
May increase the concentration of ethinyl estradiol in the blood plasma in its simultaneous application in the oral contraceptives.
Symptoms: long-term use of large doses (more than 1 g) - headache, increased CNS excitability, insomnia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, gastritis giperatsidnyh, ultseratsiya gastrointestinal mucosa, inhibition of the function insular apparatus of the pancreas (hyperglycemia, glycosuria), hyperoxaluria, nephrolithiasis (calcium oxalate), damage to the glomerular apparatus of the kidneys, moderate thamuria (when receiving a dose of 600 mg / day).
Decrease capillary permeability (possibly deteriorating trophic tissues, increased blood pressure, hypercoagulability, the development of microangiopathy).
When IV administration in high doses - the threat of termination of pregnancy (due to estrogenemia), hemolysis of red blood cells.
Depending on the reaction of the Multiple Vitamins, Iron after taken, if you are feeling dizziness, drowsiness or any weakness as a reaction on your body, Then consider Multiple Vitamins, Iron not safe to drive or operate heavy machine after consumption. Meaning that, do not drive or operate heavy duty machines after taking the capsule if the capsule has a strange reaction on your body like dizziness, drowsiness. As prescribed by a pharmacist, it is dangerous to take alcohol while taking medicines as it exposed patients to drowsiness and health risk. Please take note of such effect most especially when taking Primosa capsule. It's advisable to consult your doctor on time for a proper recommendation and medical consultations.
Is Multiple Vitamins, Iron addictive or habit forming?Medicines are not designed with the mind of creating an addiction or abuse on the health of the users. Addictive Medicine is categorically called Controlled substances by the government. For instance, Schedule H or X in India and schedule II-V in the US are controlled substances.
Please consult the medicine instruction manual on how to use and ensure it is not a controlled substance.In conclusion, self medication is a killer to your health. Consult your doctor for a proper prescription, recommendation, and guidiance.
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The information was verified by Dr. Rachana Salvi, MD Pharmacology