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Magnesium (Magnesium Glycerophosphate):
Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Glycerophosphate)) Sulfate
Injection, USP
Ansyr Plastic Syringe
Rx only
Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Glycerophosphate)) Sulfate Injection, USP is a sterile solution of Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Glycerophosphate)) sulfate heptahydrate in Water for Injection, USP administered by the intravenous or intramuscular routes as an electrolyte replenisher or anticonvulsant. Must be diluted before intravenous use. May contain sulfuric acid and/or sodium hydroxide for pH adjustment. The pH is 5.5 to 7.0. The 50% concentration has an osmolarity of 4.06 mOsmol/mL (calc.).
The solution contains no bacteriostat, antimicrobial agent or added buffer (except for pH adjustment) and is intended only for use as a single-dose injection. When smaller doses are required the unused portion should be discarded with the entire unit.
Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Glycerophosphate)) Sulfate, USP heptahydrate is chemically designated MgSO4 - 7H2O with molecular weight of 246.48 and occurs as colorless crystals or white powder freely soluble in water.
The plastic syringe is molded from a specially formulated polypropylene. Water permeates from inside the container at an extremely slow rate which will have an insignificant effect on solution concentration over the expected shelf life. Solutions in contact with the plastic container may leach out certain chemical components from the plastic in very small amounts; however, biological testing was supportive of the safety of the syringe material.
Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Glycerophosphate)) (Mg++) is an important cofactor for enzymatic reactions and plays an important role in neurochemical transmission and muscular excitability.
As a nutritional adjunct in hyperalimentation, the precise mechanism of action for Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Glycerophosphate)) is uncertain. Early symptoms of hypomagnesemia (less than 1.5 mEq/liter) may develop as early as three to four days or within weeks.
Predominant deficiency effects are neurological, e.g., muscle irritability, clonic twitching and tremors. Hypocalcemia and hypokalemia often follow low serum levels of Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Glycerophosphate)). While there are large stores of Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Glycerophosphate)) present intracellularly and in the bones of adults, these stores often are not mobilized sufficiently to maintain plasma levels. Parenteral Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Glycerophosphate)) therapy repairs the plasma deficit and causes deficiency symptoms and signs to cease.
Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Glycerophosphate)) prevents or controls convulsions by blocking neuromuscular transmission and decreasing the amount of acetylcholine liberated at the end plate by the motor nerve impulse. Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Glycerophosphate)) is said to have a depressant effect on the central nervous system (CNS), but it does not adversely affect the woman, fetus or neonate when used as directed in eclampsia or pre-eclampsia. Normal plasma Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Glycerophosphate)) levels range from 1.5 to 2.5 mEq/liter.
As plasma Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Glycerophosphate)) rises above 4 mEq/liter, the deep tendon reflexes are first decreased and then disappear as the plasma level approaches 10 mEq/liter. At this level respiratory paralysis may occur. Heart block also may occur at this or lower plasma levels of Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Glycerophosphate)). Serum Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Glycerophosphate)) concentrations in excess of 12 mEq/L may be fatal.
Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Glycerophosphate)) acts peripherally to produce vasodilation. With low doses only flushing and sweating occur, but larger doses cause lowering of blood pressure. The central and peripheral effects of Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Glycerophosphate)) poisoning are antagonized to some extent by intravenous administration of calcium.
Pharmacokinetics
With intravenous administration the onset of anticonvulsant action is immediate and lasts about 30 minutes. Following intramuscular administration the onset of action occurs in about one hour and persists for three to four hours. Effective anticonvulsant serum levels range from 2.5 to 7.5 mEq/liter. Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Glycerophosphate)) is excreted solely by the kidneys at a rate proportional to the plasma concentration and glomerular filtration.
Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Glycerophosphate)) Sulfate Injection, USP is suitable for replacement therapy in Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Glycerophosphate)) deficiency, especially in acute hypomagnesemia accompanied by signs of tetany similar to those observed in hypocalcemia. In such cases, the serum Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Glycerophosphate)) (Mg++) level is usually below the lower limit of normal (1.5 to 2.5 mEq/liter) and the serum calcium (Ca++) level is normal (4.3 to 5.3 mEq/liter) or elevated.
In total parenteral nutrition (TPN), Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Glycerophosphate)) sulfate may be added to the nutrient admixture to correct or prevent hypomagnesemia which can arise during the course of therapy.
Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Glycerophosphate)) Sulfate Injection, USP is also indicated for the prevention and control of seizures (convulsions) in pre-eclampsia and eclampsia, respectively.
Parenteral administration of the drug is contraindicated in patients with heart block or myocardial damage.
FETAL HARM: Continuous administration of Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Glycerophosphate)) sulfate beyond 5 to 7 days to pregnant women can lead to hypocalcemia and bone abnormalities in the developing fetus. These bone abnormalities include skeletal demineralization and osteopenia. In addition, cases of neonatal fracture have been reported. The shortest duration of treatment that can lead to fetal harm is not known. Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Glycerophosphate)) sulfate should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed. If Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Glycerophosphate)) sulfate is given for treatment of preterm labor, the woman should be informed that the efficacy and safety of such use have not been established and that use of Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Glycerophosphate)) sulfate beyond 5 to 7 days may cause fetal abnormalities.
ALUMINUM TOXICITY: This product contains aluminum that may be toxic. Aluminum may reach toxic levels with prolonged parenteral administration if kidney function is impaired. Premature neonates are particularly at risk because their kidneys are immature, and they require large amounts of calcium and phosphate solutions, which contain aluminum.
Research indicates that patients with impaired kidney function, including premature neonates, who receive parenteral levels of aluminum at greater than 4 to 5 mcg/kg/day accumulate aluminum at levels associated with central nervous system and bone toxicity. Tissue loading may occur at even lower rates of administration.
Parenteral use in the presence of renal insufficiency may lead to Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Glycerophosphate)) intoxication. Intravenous use in the eclampsia should be reserved for immediate control of life-threatening convulsions.
General
Administer with caution if flushing and sweating occurs. When barbiturates, narcotics or other hypnotics (or systemic anesthetics) are to be given in conjunction with Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Glycerophosphate)), their dosage should be adjusted with caution because of additive CNS depressant effects of Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Glycerophosphate)).
Because Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Glycerophosphate)) is removed from the body solely by the kidneys, the drug should be used with caution in patients with renal impairment. Urine output should be maintained at a level of 100 mL or more during the four hours preceding each dose. Monitoring serum Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Glycerophosphate)) levels and the patient's clinical status is essential to avoid the consequences of overdosage in toxemia. Clinical indications of a safe dosage regimen include the presence of the patellar reflex (knee jerk) and absence of respiratory depression (approximately 16 breaths or more/minute). When repeated doses of the drug are given parenterally, knee jerk reflexes should be tested before each dose and if they are absent, no additional Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Glycerophosphate)) should be given until they return. Serum Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Glycerophosphate)) levels usually sufficient to control convulsions range from 3 to 6 mg/100 mL (2.5 to 5 mEq/liter). The strength of the deep tendon reflexes begins to diminish when Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Glycerophosphate)) levels exceed 4 mEq/liter. Reflexes may be absent at 10 mEq magnesium/liter, where respiratory paralysis is a potential hazard. An injectable calcium salt should be immediately available to counteract the potential hazards of Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Glycerophosphate)) intoxication in eclampsia.
50% Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Glycerophosphate)) Sulfate Injection, USP must be diluted to a concentration of 20% or less prior to intravenous infusion. Rate of administration should be slow and cautious, to avoid producing hypermagnesemia. The 50% solution also should be diluted to 20% or less for intramuscular injection in infants and children.
Laboratory Tests
Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Glycerophosphate)) sulfate injection should not be given unless hypomagnesemia has been confirmed and the serum concentration of Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Glycerophosphate)) is monitored. The normal serum level is 1.5 to 2.5 mEq/L.
Drug Interactions
CNS Depressants - When barbiturates, narcotics or other hypnotics (or systemic anesthetics), or other CNS depressants are to be given in conjunction with Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Glycerophosphate)), their dosage should be adjusted with caution because of additive CNS depressant effects of Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Glycerophosphate)). CNS depression and peripheral transmission defects produced by Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Glycerophosphate)) may be antagonized by calcium.
Neuromuscular Blocking Agents - Excessive neuromuscular block has occurred in patients receiving parenteral Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Glycerophosphate)) sulfate and a neuromuscular blocking agent; these drugs should be administered concomitantly with caution.
Cardiac Glycosides - Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Glycerophosphate)) sulfate should be administered with extreme caution in digitalized patients, because serious changes in cardiac conduction which can result in heart block may occur if administration of calcium is required to treat Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Glycerophosphate)) toxicity.
Pregnancy
Teratogenic Effects
Pregnancy Category D (See WARNINGS and PRECAUTIONS )
See WARNINGS and PRECAUTIONS .
Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Glycerophosphate)) sulfate can cause fetal abnormalities when administered beyond 5 to 7 days to pregnant women. There are retrospective epidemiological studies and case reports documenting fetal abnormalities such as hypocalcemia, skeletal demineralization, osteopenia and other skeletal abnormalities with continuous maternal administration of Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Glycerophosphate)) sulfate for more than 5 to 7 days.1-10 Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Glycerophosphate)) sulfate injection should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed. If this drug is used during pregnancy, the woman should be apprised of the potential harm to the fetus.
Nonteratogenic Effects
When administered by continuous intravenous infusion (especially for more than 24 hours preceding delivery) to control convulsions in a toxemic woman, the newborn may show signs of Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Glycerophosphate)) toxicity, including neuromuscular or respiratory depression (See OVERDOSAGE ).
Labor and Delivery
Continuous administration of Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Glycerophosphate)) sulfate is an unapproved treatment for preterm labor. The safety and efficacy of such use have not been established. The administration of Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Glycerophosphate)) sulfate outside of its approved indication in pregnant women should be by trained obstetrical personnel in a hospital setting with appropriate obstetrical care facilities.
Nursing Mothers
Since Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Glycerophosphate)) is distributed into milk during parenteral Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Glycerophosphate)) sulfate administration, the drug should be used with caution in nursing women.
Geriatrics
Geriatric patients often require reduced dosage because of impaired renal function. In patients with severe impairment, dosage should not exceed 20 grams in 48 hours. Serum Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Glycerophosphate)) should be monitored in such patients.
The adverse effects of parenterally administered Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Glycerophosphate)) usually are the result of Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Glycerophosphate)) intoxication. These include flushing, sweating, hypotension, depressed reflexes, flaccid paralysis, hypothermia, circulatory collapse, cardiac and central nervous system depression proceeding to respiratory paralysis. Hypocalcemia with signs of tetany secondary to Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Glycerophosphate)) sulfate therapy for eclampsia has been reported.
Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Glycerophosphate)) intoxication is manifested by a sharp drop in blood pressure and respiratory paralysis. Disappearance of the patellar reflex is a useful clinical sign to detect the onset of Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Glycerophosphate)) intoxication. In the event of overdosage, artificial ventilation must be provided until a calcium salt can be injected intravenously to antagonize the effects of Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Glycerophosphate)).
For Treatment of Overdose
Artificial respiration is often required. Intravenous calcium, 10 to 20 mL of a 5% solution (diluted if desirable with isotonic sodium chloride for injection) is used to counteract effects of hypermagnesemia. Subcutaneous physostigmine, 0.5 to 1 mg may be helpful.
Hypermagnesemia in the newborn may require resuscitation and assisted ventilation via endotracheal intubation or intermittent positive pressure ventilation as well as intravenous calcium.
Dosage of Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Glycerophosphate)) sulfate must be carefully adjusted according to individual requirements and response, and administration of the drug should be discontinued as soon as the desired effect is obtained.
Both intravenous and intramuscular administration are appropriate. Intramuscular administration of the undiluted 50% solution results in therapeutic plasma levels in 60 minutes, whereas intravenous doses will provide a therapeutic level almost immediately. The rate of intravenous injection should generally not exceed 150 mg/minute (1.5 mL of a 10% concentration or its equivalent), except in severe eclampsia with seizures. Continuous maternal administration of Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Glycerophosphate)) sulfate in pregnancy beyond 5 to 7 days can cause fetal abnormalities.
Solutions for intravenous infusion must be diluted to a concentration of 20% or less prior to administration. The diluents commonly used are 5% Dextrose Injection, USP and 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP. Deep intramuscular injection of the undiluted (50%) solution is appropriate for adults, but the solution should be diluted to a 20% or less concentration prior to such injection in children.
In Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Glycerophosphate)) Deficiency
In the treatment of mild Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Glycerophosphate)) deficiency, the usual adult dose is 1 gram, equivalent to 8.12 mEq of Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Glycerophosphate)) (2 mL of the 50% solution) injected intramuscularly every six hours for four doses (equivalent to a total of 32.5 mEq of Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Glycerophosphate)) per 24 hours). For severe hypomagnesemia, as much as 250 mg (approximately 2 mEq) per kg of body weight (0.5 mL of the 50% solution) may be given intramuscularly within a period of four hours if necessary. Alternatively, 5 grams, (approximately 40 mEq) can be added to one liter of 5% Dextrose Injection, USP or 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP for slow intravenous infusion over a three-hour period. In the treatment of deficiency states, caution must be observed to prevent exceeding the renal excretory capacity.
In Hyperalimentation
In total parenteral nutrition, maintenance requirements for Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Glycerophosphate)) are not precisely known. The maintenance dose used in adults ranges from 8 to 24 mEq (1 gram to 3 grams) daily; for infants, the range is 2 to 10 mEq (0.25 gram to 1.25 grams) daily.
In Pre-eclampsia or Eclampsia
In severe pre-eclampsia or eclampsia, the total initial dose is 10 grams to 14 grams of Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Glycerophosphate)) sulfate. Intravenously, a dose of 4 grams to 5 grams in 250 mL of 5% Dextrose Injection, USP or 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP may be infused. Simultaneously, intramuscular doses of up to 10 grams (5 grams or 10 mL of the undiluted 50% solution in each buttock) are given. Alternatively, the initial intravenous dose of 4 grams may be given by diluting the 50% solution to a 10 or 20% concentration; the diluted fluid (40 mL of a 10% solution or 20 mL of a 20% solution) may then be injected intravenously over a period of three to four minutes. Subsequently, 4 grams to 5 grams (8 to 10 mL of the 50% solution) are injected intramuscularly into alternate buttocks every four hours as needed, depending on the continuing presence of the patellar reflex and adequate respiratory function. Alternatively, after the initial intravenous dose, some clinicians administer 1 gram to 2 grams/hour by constant intravenous infusion. Therapy should continue until paroxysms cease. A serum Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Glycerophosphate)) level of 6 mg/100 mL is considered optimal for control of seizures. A total daily (24 hr) dose of 30 grams to 40 grams should not be exceeded. In the presence of severe renal insufficiency, the maximum dosage of Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Glycerophosphate)) sulfate is 20 grams/48 hours and frequent serum Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Glycerophosphate)) concentrations must be obtained. Continuous use of Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Glycerophosphate)) sulfate in pregnancy beyond 5 to 7 days can cause fetal abnormalities.
Other Uses
In counteracting the muscle-stimulating effects of barium poisoning, the usual dose of Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Glycerophosphate)) sulfate is 1 gram to 2 grams given intravenously.
For controlling seizures associated with epilepsy, glomerulonephritis or hypothyroidism, the usual adult dose is 1 gram administered intramuscularly or intravenously.
In paroxysmal atrial tachycardia, Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Glycerophosphate)) should be used only if simpler measures have failed and there is no evidence of myocardial damage. The usual dose is 3 grams to 4 grams (30 to 40 mL of a 10% solution) administered intravenously over 30 seconds with extreme caution.
For reduction of cerebral edema, 2.5 grams (25 mL of a 10% solution) is given intravenously.
Incompatibilities
Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Glycerophosphate)) sulfate in solution may result in a precipitate formation when mixed with solutions containing:
Alcohol (in high Heavy Metals
concentrations) Hydrocortisone sodium
Alkali carbonates and succinate
bicarbonates Phosphates
Alkali hydroxides Polymixin B sulfate
Arsenates Procaine hydrochloride
Barium Salicylates
Calcium Strontium
Clindamycin phosphate Tartrates
The potential incompatibility will often be influenced by the changes in the concentration of reactants and the pH of the solutions.
It has been reported that Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Glycerophosphate)) may reduce the antibiotic activity of streptomycin, tetracycline and tobramycin when given together.
Parenteral drug products should be inspected visually for particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration, whenever solution and container permit.
Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Glycerophosphate)) Sulfate Injection, USP is supplied in single-dose containers as follows:
NDC No. | Container | Total Amount | Concentration | mEq Mg++/mL |
0409-1754-10 | Ansyr Plastic Syringe | 5 g/10 mL | 50% | 4 mEq/mL |
Do not administer unless solution is clear and container is undamaged. Discard unused portion.
Store at 20 to 25°C (68 to 77°F).
Hospira, Inc., Lake Forest, IL 60045 USA
LAB-1024-1.0
April 2017
Hospira Logo
50% Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Glycerophosphate)) Sulfate 5 g/10 mL (500 mg/mL)
Rx only
NDC 0409-1754-10
10 mL Single-dose syringe
50% Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Glycerophosphate)) Sulfate Injection, USP
5 g/10 mL (500 mg/mL) (4 mEq Mg++/mL)
MUST BE DILUTED FOR INTRAVENOUS USE.
For Intravenous or Intramuscular Use. Sterile. 4.06 mOsmol/mL (calc.).
Contains no more than 75 mcg/L of aluminum.
Hospira, Inc., Lake Forest, IL 60045 USA
Hospira
RL-6891
Magnesium (Magnesium Malate):
Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Malate)) Sulfate
Injection, USP
Ansyr Plastic Syringe
Rx only
Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Malate)) Sulfate Injection, USP is a sterile solution of Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Malate)) sulfate heptahydrate in Water for Injection, USP administered by the intravenous or intramuscular routes as an electrolyte replenisher or anticonvulsant. Must be diluted before intravenous use. May contain sulfuric acid and/or sodium hydroxide for pH adjustment. The pH is 5.5 to 7.0. The 50% concentration has an osmolarity of 4.06 mOsmol/mL (calc.).
The solution contains no bacteriostat, antimicrobial agent or added buffer (except for pH adjustment) and is intended only for use as a single-dose injection. When smaller doses are required the unused portion should be discarded with the entire unit.
Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Malate)) Sulfate, USP heptahydrate is chemically designated MgSO4 - 7H2O with molecular weight of 246.48 and occurs as colorless crystals or white powder freely soluble in water.
The plastic syringe is molded from a specially formulated polypropylene. Water permeates from inside the container at an extremely slow rate which will have an insignificant effect on solution concentration over the expected shelf life. Solutions in contact with the plastic container may leach out certain chemical components from the plastic in very small amounts; however, biological testing was supportive of the safety of the syringe material.
Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Malate)) (Mg++) is an important cofactor for enzymatic reactions and plays an important role in neurochemical transmission and muscular excitability.
As a nutritional adjunct in hyperalimentation, the precise mechanism of action for Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Malate)) is uncertain. Early symptoms of hypomagnesemia (less than 1.5 mEq/liter) may develop as early as three to four days or within weeks.
Predominant deficiency effects are neurological, e.g., muscle irritability, clonic twitching and tremors. Hypocalcemia and hypokalemia often follow low serum levels of Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Malate)). While there are large stores of Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Malate)) present intracellularly and in the bones of adults, these stores often are not mobilized sufficiently to maintain plasma levels. Parenteral Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Malate)) therapy repairs the plasma deficit and causes deficiency symptoms and signs to cease.
Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Malate)) prevents or controls convulsions by blocking neuromuscular transmission and decreasing the amount of acetylcholine liberated at the end plate by the motor nerve impulse. Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Malate)) is said to have a depressant effect on the central nervous system (CNS), but it does not adversely affect the woman, fetus or neonate when used as directed in eclampsia or pre-eclampsia. Normal plasma Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Malate)) levels range from 1.5 to 2.5 mEq/liter.
As plasma Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Malate)) rises above 4 mEq/liter, the deep tendon reflexes are first decreased and then disappear as the plasma level approaches 10 mEq/liter. At this level respiratory paralysis may occur. Heart block also may occur at this or lower plasma levels of Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Malate)). Serum Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Malate)) concentrations in excess of 12 mEq/L may be fatal.
Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Malate)) acts peripherally to produce vasodilation. With low doses only flushing and sweating occur, but larger doses cause lowering of blood pressure. The central and peripheral effects of Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Malate)) poisoning are antagonized to some extent by intravenous administration of calcium.
Pharmacokinetics
With intravenous administration the onset of anticonvulsant action is immediate and lasts about 30 minutes. Following intramuscular administration the onset of action occurs in about one hour and persists for three to four hours. Effective anticonvulsant serum levels range from 2.5 to 7.5 mEq/liter. Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Malate)) is excreted solely by the kidneys at a rate proportional to the plasma concentration and glomerular filtration.
Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Malate)) Sulfate Injection, USP is suitable for replacement therapy in Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Malate)) deficiency, especially in acute hypomagnesemia accompanied by signs of tetany similar to those observed in hypocalcemia. In such cases, the serum Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Malate)) (Mg++) level is usually below the lower limit of normal (1.5 to 2.5 mEq/liter) and the serum calcium (Ca++) level is normal (4.3 to 5.3 mEq/liter) or elevated.
In total parenteral nutrition (TPN), Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Malate)) sulfate may be added to the nutrient admixture to correct or prevent hypomagnesemia which can arise during the course of therapy.
Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Malate)) Sulfate Injection, USP is also indicated for the prevention and control of seizures (convulsions) in pre-eclampsia and eclampsia, respectively.
Parenteral administration of the drug is contraindicated in patients with heart block or myocardial damage.
FETAL HARM: Continuous administration of Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Malate)) sulfate beyond 5 to 7 days to pregnant women can lead to hypocalcemia and bone abnormalities in the developing fetus. These bone abnormalities include skeletal demineralization and osteopenia. In addition, cases of neonatal fracture have been reported. The shortest duration of treatment that can lead to fetal harm is not known. Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Malate)) sulfate should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed. If Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Malate)) sulfate is given for treatment of preterm labor, the woman should be informed that the efficacy and safety of such use have not been established and that use of Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Malate)) sulfate beyond 5 to 7 days may cause fetal abnormalities.
ALUMINUM TOXICITY: This product contains aluminum that may be toxic. Aluminum may reach toxic levels with prolonged parenteral administration if kidney function is impaired. Premature neonates are particularly at risk because their kidneys are immature, and they require large amounts of calcium and phosphate solutions, which contain aluminum.
Research indicates that patients with impaired kidney function, including premature neonates, who receive parenteral levels of aluminum at greater than 4 to 5 mcg/kg/day accumulate aluminum at levels associated with central nervous system and bone toxicity. Tissue loading may occur at even lower rates of administration.
Parenteral use in the presence of renal insufficiency may lead to Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Malate)) intoxication. Intravenous use in the eclampsia should be reserved for immediate control of life-threatening convulsions.
General
Administer with caution if flushing and sweating occurs. When barbiturates, narcotics or other hypnotics (or systemic anesthetics) are to be given in conjunction with Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Malate)), their dosage should be adjusted with caution because of additive CNS depressant effects of Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Malate)).
Because Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Malate)) is removed from the body solely by the kidneys, the drug should be used with caution in patients with renal impairment. Urine output should be maintained at a level of 100 mL or more during the four hours preceding each dose. Monitoring serum Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Malate)) levels and the patient's clinical status is essential to avoid the consequences of overdosage in toxemia. Clinical indications of a safe dosage regimen include the presence of the patellar reflex (knee jerk) and absence of respiratory depression (approximately 16 breaths or more/minute). When repeated doses of the drug are given parenterally, knee jerk reflexes should be tested before each dose and if they are absent, no additional Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Malate)) should be given until they return. Serum Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Malate)) levels usually sufficient to control convulsions range from 3 to 6 mg/100 mL (2.5 to 5 mEq/liter). The strength of the deep tendon reflexes begins to diminish when Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Malate)) levels exceed 4 mEq/liter. Reflexes may be absent at 10 mEq magnesium/liter, where respiratory paralysis is a potential hazard. An injectable calcium salt should be immediately available to counteract the potential hazards of Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Malate)) intoxication in eclampsia.
50% Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Malate)) Sulfate Injection, USP must be diluted to a concentration of 20% or less prior to intravenous infusion. Rate of administration should be slow and cautious, to avoid producing hypermagnesemia. The 50% solution also should be diluted to 20% or less for intramuscular injection in infants and children.
Laboratory Tests
Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Malate)) sulfate injection should not be given unless hypomagnesemia has been confirmed and the serum concentration of Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Malate)) is monitored. The normal serum level is 1.5 to 2.5 mEq/L.
Drug Interactions
CNS Depressants - When barbiturates, narcotics or other hypnotics (or systemic anesthetics), or other CNS depressants are to be given in conjunction with Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Malate)), their dosage should be adjusted with caution because of additive CNS depressant effects of Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Malate)). CNS depression and peripheral transmission defects produced by Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Malate)) may be antagonized by calcium.
Neuromuscular Blocking Agents - Excessive neuromuscular block has occurred in patients receiving parenteral Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Malate)) sulfate and a neuromuscular blocking agent; these drugs should be administered concomitantly with caution.
Cardiac Glycosides - Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Malate)) sulfate should be administered with extreme caution in digitalized patients, because serious changes in cardiac conduction which can result in heart block may occur if administration of calcium is required to treat Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Malate)) toxicity.
Pregnancy
Teratogenic Effects
Pregnancy Category D (See WARNINGS and PRECAUTIONS )
See WARNINGS and PRECAUTIONS .
Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Malate)) sulfate can cause fetal abnormalities when administered beyond 5 to 7 days to pregnant women. There are retrospective epidemiological studies and case reports documenting fetal abnormalities such as hypocalcemia, skeletal demineralization, osteopenia and other skeletal abnormalities with continuous maternal administration of Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Malate)) sulfate for more than 5 to 7 days.1-10 Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Malate)) sulfate injection should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed. If this drug is used during pregnancy, the woman should be apprised of the potential harm to the fetus.
Nonteratogenic Effects
When administered by continuous intravenous infusion (especially for more than 24 hours preceding delivery) to control convulsions in a toxemic woman, the newborn may show signs of Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Malate)) toxicity, including neuromuscular or respiratory depression (See OVERDOSAGE ).
Labor and Delivery
Continuous administration of Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Malate)) sulfate is an unapproved treatment for preterm labor. The safety and efficacy of such use have not been established. The administration of Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Malate)) sulfate outside of its approved indication in pregnant women should be by trained obstetrical personnel in a hospital setting with appropriate obstetrical care facilities.
Nursing Mothers
Since Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Malate)) is distributed into milk during parenteral Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Malate)) sulfate administration, the drug should be used with caution in nursing women.
Geriatrics
Geriatric patients often require reduced dosage because of impaired renal function. In patients with severe impairment, dosage should not exceed 20 grams in 48 hours. Serum Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Malate)) should be monitored in such patients.
The adverse effects of parenterally administered Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Malate)) usually are the result of Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Malate)) intoxication. These include flushing, sweating, hypotension, depressed reflexes, flaccid paralysis, hypothermia, circulatory collapse, cardiac and central nervous system depression proceeding to respiratory paralysis. Hypocalcemia with signs of tetany secondary to Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Malate)) sulfate therapy for eclampsia has been reported.
Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Malate)) intoxication is manifested by a sharp drop in blood pressure and respiratory paralysis. Disappearance of the patellar reflex is a useful clinical sign to detect the onset of Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Malate)) intoxication. In the event of overdosage, artificial ventilation must be provided until a calcium salt can be injected intravenously to antagonize the effects of Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Malate)).
For Treatment of Overdose
Artificial respiration is often required. Intravenous calcium, 10 to 20 mL of a 5% solution (diluted if desirable with isotonic sodium chloride for injection) is used to counteract effects of hypermagnesemia. Subcutaneous physostigmine, 0.5 to 1 mg may be helpful.
Hypermagnesemia in the newborn may require resuscitation and assisted ventilation via endotracheal intubation or intermittent positive pressure ventilation as well as intravenous calcium.
Dosage of Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Malate)) sulfate must be carefully adjusted according to individual requirements and response, and administration of the drug should be discontinued as soon as the desired effect is obtained.
Both intravenous and intramuscular administration are appropriate. Intramuscular administration of the undiluted 50% solution results in therapeutic plasma levels in 60 minutes, whereas intravenous doses will provide a therapeutic level almost immediately. The rate of intravenous injection should generally not exceed 150 mg/minute (1.5 mL of a 10% concentration or its equivalent), except in severe eclampsia with seizures. Continuous maternal administration of Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Malate)) sulfate in pregnancy beyond 5 to 7 days can cause fetal abnormalities.
Solutions for intravenous infusion must be diluted to a concentration of 20% or less prior to administration. The diluents commonly used are 5% Dextrose Injection, USP and 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP. Deep intramuscular injection of the undiluted (50%) solution is appropriate for adults, but the solution should be diluted to a 20% or less concentration prior to such injection in children.
In Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Malate)) Deficiency
In the treatment of mild Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Malate)) deficiency, the usual adult dose is 1 gram, equivalent to 8.12 mEq of Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Malate)) (2 mL of the 50% solution) injected intramuscularly every six hours for four doses (equivalent to a total of 32.5 mEq of Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Malate)) per 24 hours). For severe hypomagnesemia, as much as 250 mg (approximately 2 mEq) per kg of body weight (0.5 mL of the 50% solution) may be given intramuscularly within a period of four hours if necessary. Alternatively, 5 grams, (approximately 40 mEq) can be added to one liter of 5% Dextrose Injection, USP or 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP for slow intravenous infusion over a three-hour period. In the treatment of deficiency states, caution must be observed to prevent exceeding the renal excretory capacity.
In Hyperalimentation
In total parenteral nutrition, maintenance requirements for Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Malate)) are not precisely known. The maintenance dose used in adults ranges from 8 to 24 mEq (1 gram to 3 grams) daily; for infants, the range is 2 to 10 mEq (0.25 gram to 1.25 grams) daily.
In Pre-eclampsia or Eclampsia
In severe pre-eclampsia or eclampsia, the total initial dose is 10 grams to 14 grams of Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Malate)) sulfate. Intravenously, a dose of 4 grams to 5 grams in 250 mL of 5% Dextrose Injection, USP or 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP may be infused. Simultaneously, intramuscular doses of up to 10 grams (5 grams or 10 mL of the undiluted 50% solution in each buttock) are given. Alternatively, the initial intravenous dose of 4 grams may be given by diluting the 50% solution to a 10 or 20% concentration; the diluted fluid (40 mL of a 10% solution or 20 mL of a 20% solution) may then be injected intravenously over a period of three to four minutes. Subsequently, 4 grams to 5 grams (8 to 10 mL of the 50% solution) are injected intramuscularly into alternate buttocks every four hours as needed, depending on the continuing presence of the patellar reflex and adequate respiratory function. Alternatively, after the initial intravenous dose, some clinicians administer 1 gram to 2 grams/hour by constant intravenous infusion. Therapy should continue until paroxysms cease. A serum Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Malate)) level of 6 mg/100 mL is considered optimal for control of seizures. A total daily (24 hr) dose of 30 grams to 40 grams should not be exceeded. In the presence of severe renal insufficiency, the maximum dosage of Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Malate)) sulfate is 20 grams/48 hours and frequent serum Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Malate)) concentrations must be obtained. Continuous use of Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Malate)) sulfate in pregnancy beyond 5 to 7 days can cause fetal abnormalities.
Other Uses
In counteracting the muscle-stimulating effects of barium poisoning, the usual dose of Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Malate)) sulfate is 1 gram to 2 grams given intravenously.
For controlling seizures associated with epilepsy, glomerulonephritis or hypothyroidism, the usual adult dose is 1 gram administered intramuscularly or intravenously.
In paroxysmal atrial tachycardia, Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Malate)) should be used only if simpler measures have failed and there is no evidence of myocardial damage. The usual dose is 3 grams to 4 grams (30 to 40 mL of a 10% solution) administered intravenously over 30 seconds with extreme caution.
For reduction of cerebral edema, 2.5 grams (25 mL of a 10% solution) is given intravenously.
Incompatibilities
Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Malate)) sulfate in solution may result in a precipitate formation when mixed with solutions containing:
Alcohol (in high Heavy Metals
concentrations) Hydrocortisone sodium
Alkali carbonates and succinate
bicarbonates Phosphates
Alkali hydroxides Polymixin B sulfate
Arsenates Procaine hydrochloride
Barium Salicylates
Calcium Strontium
Clindamycin phosphate Tartrates
The potential incompatibility will often be influenced by the changes in the concentration of reactants and the pH of the solutions.
It has been reported that Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Malate)) may reduce the antibiotic activity of streptomycin, tetracycline and tobramycin when given together.
Parenteral drug products should be inspected visually for particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration, whenever solution and container permit.
Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Malate)) Sulfate Injection, USP is supplied in single-dose containers as follows:
NDC No. | Container | Total Amount | Concentration | mEq Mg++/mL |
0409-1754-10 | Ansyr Plastic Syringe | 5 g/10 mL | 50% | 4 mEq/mL |
Do not administer unless solution is clear and container is undamaged. Discard unused portion.
Store at 20 to 25°C (68 to 77°F).
Hospira, Inc., Lake Forest, IL 60045 USA
LAB-1024-1.0
April 2017
Hospira Logo
50% Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Malate)) Sulfate 5 g/10 mL (500 mg/mL)
Rx only
NDC 0409-1754-10
10 mL Single-dose syringe
50% Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Malate)) Sulfate Injection, USP
5 g/10 mL (500 mg/mL) (4 mEq Mg++/mL)
MUST BE DILUTED FOR INTRAVENOUS USE.
For Intravenous or Intramuscular Use. Sterile. 4.06 mOsmol/mL (calc.).
Contains no more than 75 mcg/L of aluminum.
Hospira, Inc., Lake Forest, IL 60045 USA
Hospira
RL-6891
Magnesium (Magnesium Oxide):
Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Oxide)) Sulfate
Injection, USP
Ansyr Plastic Syringe
Rx only
Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Oxide)) Sulfate Injection, USP is a sterile solution of Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Oxide)) sulfate heptahydrate in Water for Injection, USP administered by the intravenous or intramuscular routes as an electrolyte replenisher or anticonvulsant. Must be diluted before intravenous use. May contain sulfuric acid and/or sodium hydroxide for pH adjustment. The pH is 5.5 to 7.0. The 50% concentration has an osmolarity of 4.06 mOsmol/mL (calc.).
The solution contains no bacteriostat, antimicrobial agent or added buffer (except for pH adjustment) and is intended only for use as a single-dose injection. When smaller doses are required the unused portion should be discarded with the entire unit.
Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Oxide)) Sulfate, USP heptahydrate is chemically designated MgSO4 - 7H2O with molecular weight of 246.48 and occurs as colorless crystals or white powder freely soluble in water.
The plastic syringe is molded from a specially formulated polypropylene. Water permeates from inside the container at an extremely slow rate which will have an insignificant effect on solution concentration over the expected shelf life. Solutions in contact with the plastic container may leach out certain chemical components from the plastic in very small amounts; however, biological testing was supportive of the safety of the syringe material.
Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Oxide)) (Mg++) is an important cofactor for enzymatic reactions and plays an important role in neurochemical transmission and muscular excitability.
As a nutritional adjunct in hyperalimentation, the precise mechanism of action for Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Oxide)) is uncertain. Early symptoms of hypomagnesemia (less than 1.5 mEq/liter) may develop as early as three to four days or within weeks.
Predominant deficiency effects are neurological, e.g., muscle irritability, clonic twitching and tremors. Hypocalcemia and hypokalemia often follow low serum levels of Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Oxide)). While there are large stores of Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Oxide)) present intracellularly and in the bones of adults, these stores often are not mobilized sufficiently to maintain plasma levels. Parenteral Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Oxide)) therapy repairs the plasma deficit and causes deficiency symptoms and signs to cease.
Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Oxide)) prevents or controls convulsions by blocking neuromuscular transmission and decreasing the amount of acetylcholine liberated at the end plate by the motor nerve impulse. Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Oxide)) is said to have a depressant effect on the central nervous system (CNS), but it does not adversely affect the woman, fetus or neonate when used as directed in eclampsia or pre-eclampsia. Normal plasma Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Oxide)) levels range from 1.5 to 2.5 mEq/liter.
As plasma Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Oxide)) rises above 4 mEq/liter, the deep tendon reflexes are first decreased and then disappear as the plasma level approaches 10 mEq/liter. At this level respiratory paralysis may occur. Heart block also may occur at this or lower plasma levels of Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Oxide)). Serum Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Oxide)) concentrations in excess of 12 mEq/L may be fatal.
Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Oxide)) acts peripherally to produce vasodilation. With low doses only flushing and sweating occur, but larger doses cause lowering of blood pressure. The central and peripheral effects of Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Oxide)) poisoning are antagonized to some extent by intravenous administration of calcium.
Pharmacokinetics
With intravenous administration the onset of anticonvulsant action is immediate and lasts about 30 minutes. Following intramuscular administration the onset of action occurs in about one hour and persists for three to four hours. Effective anticonvulsant serum levels range from 2.5 to 7.5 mEq/liter. Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Oxide)) is excreted solely by the kidneys at a rate proportional to the plasma concentration and glomerular filtration.
Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Oxide)) Sulfate Injection, USP is suitable for replacement therapy in Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Oxide)) deficiency, especially in acute hypomagnesemia accompanied by signs of tetany similar to those observed in hypocalcemia. In such cases, the serum Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Oxide)) (Mg++) level is usually below the lower limit of normal (1.5 to 2.5 mEq/liter) and the serum calcium (Ca++) level is normal (4.3 to 5.3 mEq/liter) or elevated.
In total parenteral nutrition (TPN), Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Oxide)) sulfate may be added to the nutrient admixture to correct or prevent hypomagnesemia which can arise during the course of therapy.
Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Oxide)) Sulfate Injection, USP is also indicated for the prevention and control of seizures (convulsions) in pre-eclampsia and eclampsia, respectively.
Parenteral administration of the drug is contraindicated in patients with heart block or myocardial damage.
FETAL HARM: Continuous administration of Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Oxide)) sulfate beyond 5 to 7 days to pregnant women can lead to hypocalcemia and bone abnormalities in the developing fetus. These bone abnormalities include skeletal demineralization and osteopenia. In addition, cases of neonatal fracture have been reported. The shortest duration of treatment that can lead to fetal harm is not known. Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Oxide)) sulfate should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed. If Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Oxide)) sulfate is given for treatment of preterm labor, the woman should be informed that the efficacy and safety of such use have not been established and that use of Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Oxide)) sulfate beyond 5 to 7 days may cause fetal abnormalities.
ALUMINUM TOXICITY: This product contains aluminum that may be toxic. Aluminum may reach toxic levels with prolonged parenteral administration if kidney function is impaired. Premature neonates are particularly at risk because their kidneys are immature, and they require large amounts of calcium and phosphate solutions, which contain aluminum.
Research indicates that patients with impaired kidney function, including premature neonates, who receive parenteral levels of aluminum at greater than 4 to 5 mcg/kg/day accumulate aluminum at levels associated with central nervous system and bone toxicity. Tissue loading may occur at even lower rates of administration.
Parenteral use in the presence of renal insufficiency may lead to Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Oxide)) intoxication. Intravenous use in the eclampsia should be reserved for immediate control of life-threatening convulsions.
General
Administer with caution if flushing and sweating occurs. When barbiturates, narcotics or other hypnotics (or systemic anesthetics) are to be given in conjunction with Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Oxide)), their dosage should be adjusted with caution because of additive CNS depressant effects of Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Oxide)).
Because Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Oxide)) is removed from the body solely by the kidneys, the drug should be used with caution in patients with renal impairment. Urine output should be maintained at a level of 100 mL or more during the four hours preceding each dose. Monitoring serum Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Oxide)) levels and the patient's clinical status is essential to avoid the consequences of overdosage in toxemia. Clinical indications of a safe dosage regimen include the presence of the patellar reflex (knee jerk) and absence of respiratory depression (approximately 16 breaths or more/minute). When repeated doses of the drug are given parenterally, knee jerk reflexes should be tested before each dose and if they are absent, no additional Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Oxide)) should be given until they return. Serum Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Oxide)) levels usually sufficient to control convulsions range from 3 to 6 mg/100 mL (2.5 to 5 mEq/liter). The strength of the deep tendon reflexes begins to diminish when Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Oxide)) levels exceed 4 mEq/liter. Reflexes may be absent at 10 mEq magnesium/liter, where respiratory paralysis is a potential hazard. An injectable calcium salt should be immediately available to counteract the potential hazards of Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Oxide)) intoxication in eclampsia.
50% Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Oxide)) Sulfate Injection, USP must be diluted to a concentration of 20% or less prior to intravenous infusion. Rate of administration should be slow and cautious, to avoid producing hypermagnesemia. The 50% solution also should be diluted to 20% or less for intramuscular injection in infants and children.
Laboratory Tests
Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Oxide)) sulfate injection should not be given unless hypomagnesemia has been confirmed and the serum concentration of Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Oxide)) is monitored. The normal serum level is 1.5 to 2.5 mEq/L.
Drug Interactions
CNS Depressants - When barbiturates, narcotics or other hypnotics (or systemic anesthetics), or other CNS depressants are to be given in conjunction with Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Oxide)), their dosage should be adjusted with caution because of additive CNS depressant effects of Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Oxide)). CNS depression and peripheral transmission defects produced by Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Oxide)) may be antagonized by calcium.
Neuromuscular Blocking Agents - Excessive neuromuscular block has occurred in patients receiving parenteral Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Oxide)) sulfate and a neuromuscular blocking agent; these drugs should be administered concomitantly with caution.
Cardiac Glycosides - Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Oxide)) sulfate should be administered with extreme caution in digitalized patients, because serious changes in cardiac conduction which can result in heart block may occur if administration of calcium is required to treat Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Oxide)) toxicity.
Pregnancy
Teratogenic Effects
Pregnancy Category D (See WARNINGS and PRECAUTIONS )
See WARNINGS and PRECAUTIONS .
Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Oxide)) sulfate can cause fetal abnormalities when administered beyond 5 to 7 days to pregnant women. There are retrospective epidemiological studies and case reports documenting fetal abnormalities such as hypocalcemia, skeletal demineralization, osteopenia and other skeletal abnormalities with continuous maternal administration of Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Oxide)) sulfate for more than 5 to 7 days.1-10 Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Oxide)) sulfate injection should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed. If this drug is used during pregnancy, the woman should be apprised of the potential harm to the fetus.
Nonteratogenic Effects
When administered by continuous intravenous infusion (especially for more than 24 hours preceding delivery) to control convulsions in a toxemic woman, the newborn may show signs of Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Oxide)) toxicity, including neuromuscular or respiratory depression (See OVERDOSAGE ).
Labor and Delivery
Continuous administration of Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Oxide)) sulfate is an unapproved treatment for preterm labor. The safety and efficacy of such use have not been established. The administration of Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Oxide)) sulfate outside of its approved indication in pregnant women should be by trained obstetrical personnel in a hospital setting with appropriate obstetrical care facilities.
Nursing Mothers
Since Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Oxide)) is distributed into milk during parenteral Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Oxide)) sulfate administration, the drug should be used with caution in nursing women.
Geriatrics
Geriatric patients often require reduced dosage because of impaired renal function. In patients with severe impairment, dosage should not exceed 20 grams in 48 hours. Serum Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Oxide)) should be monitored in such patients.
The adverse effects of parenterally administered Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Oxide)) usually are the result of Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Oxide)) intoxication. These include flushing, sweating, hypotension, depressed reflexes, flaccid paralysis, hypothermia, circulatory collapse, cardiac and central nervous system depression proceeding to respiratory paralysis. Hypocalcemia with signs of tetany secondary to Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Oxide)) sulfate therapy for eclampsia has been reported.
Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Oxide)) intoxication is manifested by a sharp drop in blood pressure and respiratory paralysis. Disappearance of the patellar reflex is a useful clinical sign to detect the onset of Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Oxide)) intoxication. In the event of overdosage, artificial ventilation must be provided until a calcium salt can be injected intravenously to antagonize the effects of Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Oxide)).
For Treatment of Overdose
Artificial respiration is often required. Intravenous calcium, 10 to 20 mL of a 5% solution (diluted if desirable with isotonic sodium chloride for injection) is used to counteract effects of hypermagnesemia. Subcutaneous physostigmine, 0.5 to 1 mg may be helpful.
Hypermagnesemia in the newborn may require resuscitation and assisted ventilation via endotracheal intubation or intermittent positive pressure ventilation as well as intravenous calcium.
Dosage of Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Oxide)) sulfate must be carefully adjusted according to individual requirements and response, and administration of the drug should be discontinued as soon as the desired effect is obtained.
Both intravenous and intramuscular administration are appropriate. Intramuscular administration of the undiluted 50% solution results in therapeutic plasma levels in 60 minutes, whereas intravenous doses will provide a therapeutic level almost immediately. The rate of intravenous injection should generally not exceed 150 mg/minute (1.5 mL of a 10% concentration or its equivalent), except in severe eclampsia with seizures. Continuous maternal administration of Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Oxide)) sulfate in pregnancy beyond 5 to 7 days can cause fetal abnormalities.
Solutions for intravenous infusion must be diluted to a concentration of 20% or less prior to administration. The diluents commonly used are 5% Dextrose Injection, USP and 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP. Deep intramuscular injection of the undiluted (50%) solution is appropriate for adults, but the solution should be diluted to a 20% or less concentration prior to such injection in children.
In Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Oxide)) Deficiency
In the treatment of mild Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Oxide)) deficiency, the usual adult dose is 1 gram, equivalent to 8.12 mEq of Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Oxide)) (2 mL of the 50% solution) injected intramuscularly every six hours for four doses (equivalent to a total of 32.5 mEq of Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Oxide)) per 24 hours). For severe hypomagnesemia, as much as 250 mg (approximately 2 mEq) per kg of body weight (0.5 mL of the 50% solution) may be given intramuscularly within a period of four hours if necessary. Alternatively, 5 grams, (approximately 40 mEq) can be added to one liter of 5% Dextrose Injection, USP or 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP for slow intravenous infusion over a three-hour period. In the treatment of deficiency states, caution must be observed to prevent exceeding the renal excretory capacity.
In Hyperalimentation
In total parenteral nutrition, maintenance requirements for Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Oxide)) are not precisely known. The maintenance dose used in adults ranges from 8 to 24 mEq (1 gram to 3 grams) daily; for infants, the range is 2 to 10 mEq (0.25 gram to 1.25 grams) daily.
In Pre-eclampsia or Eclampsia
In severe pre-eclampsia or eclampsia, the total initial dose is 10 grams to 14 grams of Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Oxide)) sulfate. Intravenously, a dose of 4 grams to 5 grams in 250 mL of 5% Dextrose Injection, USP or 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP may be infused. Simultaneously, intramuscular doses of up to 10 grams (5 grams or 10 mL of the undiluted 50% solution in each buttock) are given. Alternatively, the initial intravenous dose of 4 grams may be given by diluting the 50% solution to a 10 or 20% concentration; the diluted fluid (40 mL of a 10% solution or 20 mL of a 20% solution) may then be injected intravenously over a period of three to four minutes. Subsequently, 4 grams to 5 grams (8 to 10 mL of the 50% solution) are injected intramuscularly into alternate buttocks every four hours as needed, depending on the continuing presence of the patellar reflex and adequate respiratory function. Alternatively, after the initial intravenous dose, some clinicians administer 1 gram to 2 grams/hour by constant intravenous infusion. Therapy should continue until paroxysms cease. A serum Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Oxide)) level of 6 mg/100 mL is considered optimal for control of seizures. A total daily (24 hr) dose of 30 grams to 40 grams should not be exceeded. In the presence of severe renal insufficiency, the maximum dosage of Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Oxide)) sulfate is 20 grams/48 hours and frequent serum Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Oxide)) concentrations must be obtained. Continuous use of Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Oxide)) sulfate in pregnancy beyond 5 to 7 days can cause fetal abnormalities.
Other Uses
In counteracting the muscle-stimulating effects of barium poisoning, the usual dose of Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Oxide)) sulfate is 1 gram to 2 grams given intravenously.
For controlling seizures associated with epilepsy, glomerulonephritis or hypothyroidism, the usual adult dose is 1 gram administered intramuscularly or intravenously.
In paroxysmal atrial tachycardia, Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Oxide)) should be used only if simpler measures have failed and there is no evidence of myocardial damage. The usual dose is 3 grams to 4 grams (30 to 40 mL of a 10% solution) administered intravenously over 30 seconds with extreme caution.
For reduction of cerebral edema, 2.5 grams (25 mL of a 10% solution) is given intravenously.
Incompatibilities
Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Oxide)) sulfate in solution may result in a precipitate formation when mixed with solutions containing:
Alcohol (in high Heavy Metals
concentrations) Hydrocortisone sodium
Alkali carbonates and succinate
bicarbonates Phosphates
Alkali hydroxides Polymixin B sulfate
Arsenates Procaine hydrochloride
Barium Salicylates
Calcium Strontium
Clindamycin phosphate Tartrates
The potential incompatibility will often be influenced by the changes in the concentration of reactants and the pH of the solutions.
It has been reported that Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Oxide)) may reduce the antibiotic activity of streptomycin, tetracycline and tobramycin when given together.
Parenteral drug products should be inspected visually for particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration, whenever solution and container permit.
Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Oxide)) Sulfate Injection, USP is supplied in single-dose containers as follows:
NDC No. | Container | Total Amount | Concentration | mEq Mg++/mL |
0409-1754-10 | Ansyr Plastic Syringe | 5 g/10 mL | 50% | 4 mEq/mL |
Do not administer unless solution is clear and container is undamaged. Discard unused portion.
Store at 20 to 25°C (68 to 77°F).
Hospira, Inc., Lake Forest, IL 60045 USA
LAB-1024-1.0
April 2017
Hospira Logo
50% Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Oxide)) Sulfate 5 g/10 mL (500 mg/mL)
Rx only
NDC 0409-1754-10
10 mL Single-dose syringe
50% Magnesium Complex (Magnesium (Magnesium Oxide)) Sulfate Injection, USP
5 g/10 mL (500 mg/mL) (4 mEq Mg++/mL)
MUST BE DILUTED FOR INTRAVENOUS USE.
For Intravenous or Intramuscular Use. Sterile. 4.06 mOsmol/mL (calc.).
Contains no more than 75 mcg/L of aluminum.
Hospira, Inc., Lake Forest, IL 60045 USA
Hospira
RL-6891
Depending on the reaction of the Magnesium Complex after taken, if you are feeling dizziness, drowsiness or any weakness as a reaction on your body, Then consider Magnesium Complex not safe to drive or operate heavy machine after consumption. Meaning that, do not drive or operate heavy duty machines after taking the capsule if the capsule has a strange reaction on your body like dizziness, drowsiness. As prescribed by a pharmacist, it is dangerous to take alcohol while taking medicines as it exposed patients to drowsiness and health risk. Please take note of such effect most especially when taking Primosa capsule. It's advisable to consult your doctor on time for a proper recommendation and medical consultations.
Is Magnesium Complex addictive or habit forming?Medicines are not designed with the mind of creating an addiction or abuse on the health of the users. Addictive Medicine is categorically called Controlled substances by the government. For instance, Schedule H or X in India and schedule II-V in the US are controlled substances.
Please consult the medicine instruction manual on how to use and ensure it is not a controlled substance.In conclusion, self medication is a killer to your health. Consult your doctor for a proper prescription, recommendation, and guidiance.
Visitors | % | ||
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Once in a day | 1 | 100.0% |
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201-500mg | 1 | 100.0% |
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The information was verified by Dr. Rachana Salvi, MD Pharmacology