Isotrex Eritromicina

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Isotrex Eritromicina uses

Isotrex Eritromicina consists of Erythromycin, Isotretinoin.

Erythromycin:


Pharmacological action

Isotrex Eritromicina is a macrolide antibiotic. Has bacteriostatic action. However at higher doses against susceptible organisms has a bactericidal effect. Isotrex Eritromicina (Erythromycin) is reversibly bound to the ribosome of bacteria, thereby inhibiting protein synthesis. Isotrex Eritromicina (Erythromycin) is active against gram-positive bacteria: Staphylococcus spp. (strains producing and not producing penicillinase), Streptococcus spp. (including Streptococcus pneumoniae); gram-negative bacteria: Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Haemophilus influenzae, Bordetella pertussis, Brucella spp., Legionella spp., Bacillus anthracis, Corynebacterium diphtheriae; anaerobic bacteria: Clostridium spp. Isotrex Eritromicina (Erythromycin) is also active against Mycoplasma spp., Chlamydia spp., Spirochaetaceae, Rickettsia spp. To Isotrex Eritromicina (Erythromycin) resistant gram-negative bacilli, including Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Shigella spp., Salmonella spp.

Pharmacokinetics

Isotrex Eritromicina (Erythromycin) bioavailability is 30-65%. Distributed in most tissues and body fluids. Plasma protein binding is 70-90%. Metabolised in the liver, partly with the formation of inactive metabolites. T1/2 is 1.4-2 hours. It is derived from bile and urine.

Why is Isotrex Eritromicina prescribed?

Infectious-inflammatory diseases caused by microorganisms sensitive to Isotrex Eritromicina (Erythromycin), including diphtheria, pertussis, trachoma, brucellosis, a disease Legionnaires, sore throat, scarlet fever, otitis media, sinusitis, cholecystitis, pneumonia, gonorrhea, syphilis. Also Isotrex Eritromicina (Erythromycin) used for the treatment of infectious-inflammatory diseases caused by pathogens (eg staphylococci) are resistant to penicillin, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, streptomycin.

For external use: acne vulgaris.

For local use: the infectious-inflammatory diseases of eyes.

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Dosage and administration

Isotrex Eritromicina prescribed individually depending on the location and severity of infection, the sensitivity of the parasite. In adults use a daily dose of 1-4 g. Children under the age of 3 months - 20-40 mg / kg / day, aged from 4 months to 18 years - 30-50 mg / kg / day. Multiplicity is 4 times / day. The treatment course - 5-14 days after the disappearance of symptoms treatment should be continued for a further 2 days. Accepts up to 1 hour before eating or 2-3 hours after eating.

Solution for external applications lubricate the affected skin.

The ointment is applied to the affected area and in diseases of the eye lay behind the lower eyelid. The dose, frequency and duration of application is determined individually.

Isotrex Eritromicina (Erythromycin) side effects, adverse reactions

Digestive system: nausea, vomiting, epigastric pain, cholestatic jaundice, tenesmus, diarrhea, dysbacteriosis; rarely - pseudomembranous enterocolitis, abnormal liver function, increase in liver transaminases, pancreatitis.

Allergic reactions: skin rash, urticaria, eosinophilia, rarely - anaphylactic shock.

Effects due to the influence of chemotherapy: oral candidiasis, vaginal candidiasis.

From the senses: the reversible ototoxicity - hearing loss and / or tinnitus (in the application of high doses - more than 4 g / day).

Since the cardiovascular system: rarely - tachycardia, prolongation of the QT interval on ECG, flickering and / or atrial flutter (patients with long QT interval on the ECG).

Local reactions: phlebitis at the site of / in the introduction.

Isotrex Eritromicina contraindications

Jaundice in history, marked disturbances of liver function, hypersensitivity to macrolides.

Using during pregnancy and breastfeeding

Isotrex Eritromicina crosses the placental barrier, excreted in breast milk.

In the application of Isotrex Eritromicina (Erythromycin) in pregnancy should assess the intended benefits to the mother and the potential risk to the fetus. If necessary, use during lactation should decide on the termination of breastfeeding.

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Special instructions

With careful use Isotrex Eritromicina (Erythromycin) when disorders of liver function and / or kidneys. Medications that increase the acidity of gastric juice and acidic drinks inactivate Isotrex Eritromicina (Erythromycin). Isotrex Eritromicina (Erythromycin) can not drink milk and dairy products.

Precautionary measures

The use of Isotrex Eritromicina containing benzene for IV injection sometimes accompanied by the development of a fatal syndrome Gaspinga in children, as well as acute hepatitis drug in adults and children.

Isotrex Eritromicina (Erythromycin) drug interactions

With simultaneous use of Isotrex Eritromicina (Erythromycin) with theophylline, aminophylline, caffeine, there is an increase in their concentration in blood plasma and thus increases the risk of toxic effects.

Isotrex Eritromicina (Erythromycin) increases the concentrations of cyclosporine in the blood plasma and may increase the risk of nephrotoxicity.

Drugs that block tubular secretion prolongs T1/2 of Isotrex Eritromicina (Erythromycin).

Incompatible with lincomycin, clindamycin and chloramphenicol (antagonism).

Isotrex Eritromicina (Erythromycin) reduces the bactericidal action of beta-lactam antibiotics (penicillins, cephalosporins, carbapenems).

With simultaneous use of Isotrex Eritromicina (Erythromycin) increases the concentration of theophylline.

At the same time receiving chemotherapy, which is carried metabolism in the liver (carbamazepine, valproic acid, hexobarbital, phenytoin, alfentanil, dizopiramid, lovastatin, bromocriptine), may increase the concentration of these drugs in plasma (an inhibitor of microsomal liver enzymes).

IV injection of Isotrex Eritromicina (Erythromycin) increases the effects of ethanol (accelerating gastric emptying and decrease the duration of alcohol dehydrogenase in the gastric mucosa).

Isotrex Eritromicina (Erythromycin) reduces the clearance of triazolam and midazolam and therefore may increase the pharmacological effects of benzodiazepines.

At the same time taking with terfenadine or astemizole may develop arrhythmias (fibrillation and ventricular flutter, ventricular tachycardia, until death); with dihydroergotamine or non hydrated ergot alkaloids may vasoconstriction to spasm, dysesthesia.

With simultaneous application Isotrex Eritromicina (Erythromycin) slows elimination (increases the effect) of methylprednisolone, felodipine and anticoagulants of cumarine series.

In a joint appointment with lovastatin increased rhabdomyolysis.

Isotrex Eritromicina (Erythromycin) increases the bioavailability of digoxin.

Isotrex Eritromicina (Erythromycin) reduces the effectiveness of hormonal contraceptives.

Isotrex Eritromicina in case of emergency / overdose

Symptoms: disruption of the liver until the acute liver failure, and hearing loss.

Treatment: gastric lavage, forced diuresis, hemo-and peritoneal dialysis. Produced a constant monitoring of vital functions (ECG, electrolyte composition of blood).

Isotretinoin:


Pharmacological action

Isotrex Eritromicina is a pharmaceutical agent for the treatment of acne. Contributes to the normalization of terminal cell differentiation, inhibits the hyperproliferation of the epithelium of excretory ducts of the sebaceous glands, the formation of detritus and makes it easier to evacuate. Due to this reduced production of sebum and facilitates its isolation, normal structure, decreasing the inflammatory reaction around the glands. For external and systemic application Isotrex Eritromicina (Isotretinoin) has antiseborrhea, sebostatic, anti-inflammatory, keratitis and immunomodulatory actions, strengthens the processes of regeneration in the skin.

Pharmacokinetics

When Isotrex Eritromicina (Isotretinoin) administered orally Isotrex Eritromicina (Isotretinoin) is absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, absorption may increase when taken with food. Cmax plasma levels reached after 1-4 hours after ingestion.

Oral bioavailability of Isotrex Eritromicina (Isotretinoin) is low which may be caused by parietal metabolism in the intestinal wall and the effect of "first passage" through the liver.

Isotrex Eritromicina (Isotretinoin) is highly bound to plasma proteins. Metabolized in the liver with the formation of the main metabolite 4-oxo-isotretinoin, also there is some isomerization of Isotrex Eritromicina (Isotretinoin) in tretinoin.

Isotrex Eritromicina (Isotretinoin), tretinoin and its metabolites are enterohepatic recycling.

The end of T1/2 of tretinoin is 10-20 hours. An equivalent amount is determined in the feces, mostly unchanged, and urine in the form of metabolites.

Why is Isotrex Eritromicina prescribed?

For Isotrex Eritromicina (Isotretinoin) oral administration: severe nodular-cystic acne especially with the localization on the body.

For rectal administration: severe relapsing forms of acne, rashes associated with seborrheic process.

For external use: papule-pustular acne, seborrhea, rosacea, perioral dermatitis.

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Dosage and administration

For oral administration initial dose of Isotrex Eritromicina is 500 mcg / kg / day; the maximum daily dose used for a limited time and is 1 mg / kg; the maintenance dose is 0.1-1 mg / kg / day; duration of treatment is 16 weeks, a second course conducted at intervals of 8 days. Isotrex Eritromicina (Isotretinoin) is taken with meals in one or more receptions.

Rectal - 0.5-1 mg / kg / day, one time at night (in the supine position); course of treatment - 8-12 weeks, the intervals between courses - 1-2 months.

Ointment applied thinly to the affected areas of skin 2 times / day. Duration of treatment - 4-6 weeks.

Isotrex Eritromicina (Isotretinoin) side effects, adverse reactions

Dermatological reactions: dry mucous membranes, skin rashes, dermatitis, pruritus, cheilitis, erythema (especially on the face), sweating, palmar-plantar desquamation and paronychia, nail dystrophy, increased proliferation of granulation tissue in the affected area, rarely - thinning hair, vasculitis, photosensitivity.

Senses: conjunctivitis, photophobia, decreased night vision, corneal opacity, weakening of the hearing.

CNS and peripheral nervous system: headache, rarely - depression, seizures, suicide, and in rare cases - intracranial hypertension.

Digestive system: nausea, rarely - colitis, bleeding from the gastrointestinal tract, transient elevation of liver transaminases and in rare cases - hepatitis.

Hematopoietic system: anemia, neutropenia, changes in platelet count, increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate.

Metabolism: increased concentrations of TG and glucose.

Musculoskeletal system: pain in muscles and joints, rarely - hyperostosis.

Other: nasal bleeding.

Rectal and topical using: 1-2 weeks of treatment may cause new eruptions, itching, swelling and redness.

Isotrex Eritromicina contraindications

Pregnancy, established and planned lactation, hypersensitivity to Isotrex Eritromicina (Isotretinoin), the simultaneous use of tetracycline antibiotics.

For oral administration: severe liver and / or kidney damage, hypervitaminosis A, significantly elevated levels of lipids in blood plasma, neoplasms.

For rectal use - diseases of the rectum.

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Using Isotrex Eritromicina during pregnancy and lactation

Isotrex Eritromicina (Isotretinoin) has a pronounced teratogenic and embryotoxic action.

Isotrex Eritromicina (Isotretinoin) is contraindicated in established and planned pregnancy.

Also Isotrex Eritromicina (Isotretinoin) is contraindicated during lactation.

Special instructions

Rectally and topically applied with caution in liver disease, kidney disease, chronic pancreatitis, decompensation of heart function, chronic intoxication.

Rectal and external use in a pronounced exacerbation of the reaction (on 1-2-week treatment) is recommended to cancel the medication for a few days before its decline, then therapy can be resumed.

For oral administration requires regular monitoring of liver function and lipid levels in blood plasma before treatment, 1 month after initiation of therapy and then every 3 months.

In diabetes, obesity, alcoholism or lipid metabolism violations recommended more frequent monitoring of laboratory parameters. In diabetes mellitus or suspected it is necessary to strictly control glucose levels in plasma.

With prolonged use may develop symptoms of chronic hypervitaminosis A.

During treatment or within a certain time after its completion can not be donors for women of childbearing age.

During the treatment, patients should not be given UV treatment, patients should avoid direct exposure to sunlight.

In the course of treatment with Isotrex Eritromicina (Isotretinoin) may occur intolerance of contact lenses.

Safety of children and prepubertal patients has not been established.

Should avoid the simultaneous use of Isotrex Eritromicina (Isotretinoin) and 19-nortestosterone derivatives, particularly in patients with gynecological / endocrine diseases.

Not recommended for concurrent use of other drugs with keratolytic or exfoliative properties (including other retinoids), and progesterone in the microdose (including drugs "mini-pilly").

Isotrex Eritromicina (Isotretinoin) drug interactions

The action of Isotrex Eritromicina (Isotretinoin) is weakened by the simultaneous application of progesterone in the microdose.

With the simultaneous application of Isotrex Eritromicina (Isotretinoin) and vitamin A may increase toxic effects.

With the simultaneous application of Isotrex Eritromicina (Isotretinoin) and aminoglycoside antibiotics is at risk of developing intracranial hypertension.

Isotrex Eritromicina pharmaceutical active ingredients containing related brand and generic drugs:

Active ingredient is the part of the drug or medicine which is biologically active. This portion of the drug is responsible for the main action of the drug which is intended to cure or reduce the symptom or disease. The other portions of the drug which are inactive are called excipients; there role is to act as vehicle or binder. In contrast to active ingredient, the inactive ingredient's role is not significant in the cure or treatment of the disease. There can be one or more active ingredients in a drug.


Isotrex Eritromicina available forms, composition, doses:

Form of the medicine is the form in which the medicine is marketed in the market, for example, a medicine X can be in the form of capsule or the form of chewable tablet or the form of tablet. Sometimes same medicine can be available as injection form. Each medicine cannot be in all forms but can be marketed in 1, 2, or 3 forms which the pharmaceutical company decided based on various background research results.
Composition is the list of ingredients which combinedly form a medicine. Both active ingredients and inactive ingredients form the composition. The active ingredient gives the desired therapeutic effect whereas the inactive ingredient helps in making the medicine stable.
Doses are various strengths of the medicine like 10mg, 20mg, 30mg and so on. Each medicine comes in various doses which is decided by the manufacturer, that is, pharmaceutical company. The dose is decided on the severity of the symptom or disease.


Isotrex Eritromicina destination | category:

Destination is defined as the organism to which the drug or medicine is targeted. For most of the drugs what we discuss, human is the drug destination.
Drug category can be defined as major classification of the drug. For example, an antihistaminic or an antipyretic or anti anginal or pain killer, anti-inflammatory or so.


Isotrex Eritromicina Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical codes:

A medicine is classified depending on the organ or system it acts [Anatomical], based on what result it gives on what disease, symptom [Therapeutical], based on chemical composition [Chemical]. It is called as ATC code. The code is based on Active ingredients of the medicine. A medicine can have different codes as sometimes it acts on different organs for different indications. Same way, different brands with same active ingredients and same indications can have same ATC code.


Isotrex Eritromicina pharmaceutical companies:

Pharmaceutical companies are drug manufacturing companies that help in complete development of the drug from the background research to formation, clinical trials, release of the drug into the market and marketing of the drug.
Researchers are the persons who are responsible for the scientific research and is responsible for all the background clinical trials that resulted in the development of the drug.


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References

  1. Dailymed."SOTRET (ISOTRETINOIN) CAPSULE, GELATIN COATED SOTRET (ISOTRETINOIN) CAPSULE, LIQUID FILLED [RANBAXY LABORATORIES INC.]". https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailym... (accessed August 28, 2018).
  2. Dailymed."ERYTHROMYCIN BASE (ERYTHROMYCIN) TABLET, FILM COATED [PD-RX PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.]". https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailym... (accessed August 28, 2018).
  3. Dailymed."ISOTRETINOIN: DailyMed provides trustworthy information about marketed drugs in the United States. DailyMed is the official provider of FDA label information (package inserts).". https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailym... (accessed August 28, 2018).

Frequently asked Questions

Can i drive or operate heavy machine after consuming Isotrex Eritromicina?

Depending on the reaction of the Isotrex Eritromicina after taken, if you are feeling dizziness, drowsiness or any weakness as a reaction on your body, Then consider Isotrex Eritromicina not safe to drive or operate heavy machine after consumption. Meaning that, do not drive or operate heavy duty machines after taking the capsule if the capsule has a strange reaction on your body like dizziness, drowsiness. As prescribed by a pharmacist, it is dangerous to take alcohol while taking medicines as it exposed patients to drowsiness and health risk. Please take note of such effect most especially when taking Primosa capsule. It's advisable to consult your doctor on time for a proper recommendation and medical consultations.

Is Isotrex Eritromicina addictive or habit forming?

Medicines are not designed with the mind of creating an addiction or abuse on the health of the users. Addictive Medicine is categorically called Controlled substances by the government. For instance, Schedule H or X in India and schedule II-V in the US are controlled substances.

Please consult the medicine instruction manual on how to use and ensure it is not a controlled substance.In conclusion, self medication is a killer to your health. Consult your doctor for a proper prescription, recommendation, and guidiance.

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The information was verified by Dr. Rachana Salvi, MD Pharmacology

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