Eraxis

Eraxis uses

• Indications and usage
• Dosage and administration
• Dosage forms and strengths
• Contraindications
• Warnings and precautions
• Adverse reactions
• Drug interactions
• Use in specific populations
• Overdosage
• Description
• Clinical pharmacology
• Nonclinical toxicology
• Clinical studies
• How supplied/storage and handling
• Patient counseling information
• Eraxis reviews

1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE

Eraxis is indicated for use in adults for the treatment of the following fungal infections listed below. Specimens for fungal culture and other relevant laboratory studies should be obtained prior to therapy to isolate and identify causative organism(s). Therapy may be instituted before the results of the cultures and other laboratory studies known. However, once these results become available, antifungal therapy should be adjusted accordingly.

Eraxis is an echinocandin antifungal drug indicated in adults for the treatment of:

• Candidemia and other forms of Candida infections (intra-abdominal abscess and peritonitis) (1.1)
• Esophageal candidiasis (1.2)

Limitations of use: has not been studied in endocarditis, osteomyelitis and meningitis due to Candida or in sufficient numbers of neutropenic patients (1.3)

1.1 Candidemia and Other Forms of Candida Infections (Intra-abdominal Abscess and Peritonitis)

Eraxis is indicated for the treatment of candidemia and the following Candida infections: intra-abdominal abscess and peritonitis [see Clinical Studies(14.1) and Clinical Pharmacology, Microbiology (12.4) ].

1.2 Esophageal Candidiasis

Eraxis is indicated for the treatment of esophageal candidiasis [see Clinical Studies, Table 10 for higher relapse rates off Eraxis therapy ].

1.3 Limitation of Use

Eraxis has not been studied in endocarditis, osteomyelitis, and meningitis due to Candida, and has not been studied in sufficient numbers of neutropenic patients to determine efficacy in this group.

2 DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION

• Candidemia and other forms of Candida infections: 200 mg loading dose on Day 1, followed by 100 mg daily dose thereafter for at least 14 days after the last positive culture
• Esophageal candidiasis: 100 mg loading dose on Day 1, followed by 50 mg daily dose thereafter for a minimum of 14 days and for at least 7 days following resolution of symptoms (2.1)
• The rate of infusion should not exceed 1.1 mg/minute [equivalent to 1.4 mL/minute or 84 mL/hour when reconstituted and diluted per instructions] (2.3, 5.2)

2.1 Recommended Dosing

Candidemia and other Candida infections (intra-abdominal abscess, and peritonitis)

The recommended dose is a single 200 mg loading dose of Eraxis on Day 1, followed by 100 mg daily dose thereafter. Duration of treatment should be based on the patient's clinical response. In general, antifungal therapy should continue for at least 14 days after the last positive culture.

Esophageal Candidiasis

The recommended dose is a single 100 mg loading dose of Eraxis on Day 1, followed by 50 mg daily dose thereafter. Patients should be treated for a minimum of 14 days and for at least 7 days following resolution of symptoms. Duration of treatment should be based on the patient's clinical response. Because of the risk of relapse of esophageal candidiasis in patients with HIV infections, suppressive antifungal therapy may be considered after a course of treatment.

2.2 Preparation for Administration

Eraxis for Injection must be reconstituted with sterile Water for Injection and subsequently diluted only with 5% Dextrose Injection, USP or 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP. The compatibility of reconstituted Eraxis with intravenous substances, additives, or medications other than 5% Dextrose Injection, USP or 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP (normal saline) has not been established.

Reconstitution 50 mg/vial

Aseptically reconstitute each 50 mg vial with 15 mL of sterile Water for Injection to provide a concentration of 3.33 mg/mL. The reconstituted solution can be stored for up to 24 hours at temperatures up to 25°C (77°F) prior to dilution into the infusion solution.

Reconstitution 100 mg/vial

Aseptically reconstitute each 100 mg vial with 30 mL of sterile Water for Injection to provide a concentration of 3.33 mg/mL. The reconstituted solution can be stored for up to 24 hours at temperatures up to 25°C (77°F) prior to dilution into the infusion solution.

2.3 Dilution and Infusion

Aseptically transfer the contents of the reconstituted vial(s) into the appropriately sized IV bag (or bottle) containing either 5% Dextrose Injection, USP or 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP (normal saline). See Table 1 for the dilution and infusion instructions for each dose.

Caution: The rate of infusion should not exceed 1.1 mg/minute (equivalent to 1.4 mL/minute or 84 mL/hour when reconstituted and diluted per instructions) [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2) ].

The infusion solution may be stored for up to 48 hours at temperatures up to 25°C (77°F), or stored frozen for at least 72 hours prior to administration.

Parenteral drug products should be inspected visually for particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration, whenever solution and container permit. If particulate matter or discoloration is identified, discard the solution.

3 DOSAGE FORMS AND STRENGTHS

Lyophilized powder for injection: 50 mg per vial

Lyophilized powder for injection: 100 mg per vial

• Lyophilized powder for injection: 50 mg per vial (3)
• Lyophilized powder for injection: 100 mg per vial (3)

4 CONTRAINDICATIONS

Eraxis is contraindicated in persons with known hypersensitivity to Eraxis, any component of Eraxis, or other echinocandins.

• Known hypersensitivity to Eraxis, any component of Eraxis, or other echinocandins (4)

5 WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS

• Hepatic Effects: Risk of abnormal liver function tests, hepatitis, hepatic failure; monitor hepatic function during therapy
• Hypersensitivity: Anaphylaxis, including shock has been reported. Risk of infusion-related adverse reactions, possibly histamine-mediated, including rash, urticaria, flushing, pruritus, bronchospasm, dyspnea, and hypotension; to reduce occurrence, do not exceed a rate of infusion of 1.1 mg/minute (2.3,5.2)

5.1 Hepatic Effects

Laboratory abnormalities in liver function tests have been seen in healthy volunteers and patients treated with Eraxis. In some patients with serious underlying medical conditions who were receiving multiple concomitant medications along with Eraxis, clinically significant hepatic abnormalities have occurred. Isolated cases of significant hepatic dysfunction, hepatitis, or hepatic failure have been reported in patients; a causal relationship to Eraxis has not been established. Patients who develop abnormal liver function tests during Eraxis therapy should be monitored for evidence of worsening hepatic function and evaluated for risk/benefit of continuing Eraxis therapy.

5.2 Hypersensitivity

Anaphylactic reactions, including shock were reported with the use of Eraxis. If these reactions occur, Eraxis should be discontinued and appropriate treatment administered [see Adverse Reactions (6.5) ].

Infusion-related adverse reactions, possibly histamine-mediated, have been reported with Eraxis, including rash, urticaria, flushing, pruritus, bronchospasm, dyspnea, and hypotension [see Adverse Reactions (6) ]. To reduce occurrence of these reactions, do not exceed a rate of Eraxis infusion of 1.1 mg/minute [see Dosage and Administration (2.3) ].

6 ADVERSE REACTIONS

The most serious adverse reactions reported with Eraxis are:

• Hepatic effects [see Warnings and Precautions ]
• Hypersensitivity [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2) ]

• Candidemia and other forms of Candida infections: Most common adverse reactions (≥15%) are hypokalemia, nausea, diarrhea, vomiting, pyrexia, insomnia (6.2)
• Esophageal candidiasis: Most common adverse reactions (≥5%) are diarrhea, pyrexia, anemia, headache, vomiting, nausea and dyspepsia (6.3)

To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact Pfizer Inc at 1-800-438-1985 or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch

6.1 Clinical Trials Experience

Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice.

The safety of Eraxis for Injection was assessed in 929 individuals, including 257 healthy subjects and 672 patients in clinical trials of candidemia, other forms of Candida infections, and esophageal candidiasis. A total of 633 patients received Eraxis at daily doses of either 50 mg or 100 mg. A total of 481 patients received Eraxis for ≥14 days.

6.2 Candidemia/other Candida Infections

Three studies assessed the efficacy and safety of Eraxis (100 mg) in patients with candidemia and other Candida infections.

The data described below reflect exposure to Eraxis and fluconazole in 127 and 118 patients, respectively, with candidemia and other forms of invasive candidiasis, in the randomized, comparative trial of the efficacy and safety of Eraxis to that of fluconazole. In ERAXIS-treated patients, the age range was 16–89 years, the gender distribution was 51% male and 49% female, and the race distribution was 72% White, 18% Black/African American, 9% other races. Patients were randomized to receive once daily IV Eraxis (200 mg loading dose followed by 100 mg maintenance dose) or IV fluconazole (800 mg loading dose followed by 400 mg maintenance dose). Treatment was administered for at least 14 and not more than 42 days.

The number of patients with adverse reactions leading to discontinuation of study medication was 11.5% in the Eraxis arm and 21.6% in the fluconazole arm. The most common adverse reactions leading to study drug discontinuation were multi-organ failure and systemic Candida infection in the Eraxis arm.

Table 2 presents adverse reactions that were reported in ≥5% of subjects receiving Eraxis or fluconazole therapy in this trial.

6.3 Esophageal Candidiasis

The data described below reflect exposure to Eraxis and fluconazole in 300 and 301 patients, respectively, with esophageal candidiasis in a randomized trial comparing the efficacy and safety of Eraxis to that of oral fluconazole. In ERAXIS-treated patients, the age range was 18–68 years, the gender distribution was 42% male and 58% female and the race distribution was 15% White, 49% Black/African American, 15% Asian, 0.3 % Hispanic, 21% other races. Patients were randomized to receive IV Eraxis (100 mg on day 1, followed by 50 mg per day) or oral fluconazole (200 mg on day 1, followed by 100 mg per day) for 7 days beyond resolution of symptoms (range, 14–21 days).

Twenty eight (9%) patients in the Eraxis arm and 36 (12%) patients in the fluconazole arm had adverse reactions leading to discontinuation of study medication. The most common adverse reactions leading to study drug discontinuation were maculopapular rash for the Eraxis arm. The most common adverse reactions leading to discontinuation were rash and increased AST for the fluconazole arm.

Table 3 presents adverse reactions that were reported in ≥5% of subjects receiving Eraxis therapy.

6.4 Less Common Adverse Reactions

The following selected adverse reactions occurred in <2% of patients:

Blood and Lymphatic: coagulopathy, thrombocytopenia

Cardiac: atrial fibrillation, bundle branch block, sinus arrhythmia, ventricular extrasystoles

Eye: eye pain, vision blurred, visual disturbance

General and Administration Site: infusion related reaction, peripheral edema, rigors

Hepatobiliary: abnormal liver function tests, cholestasis, hepatic necrosis

Infections: clostridial infection

Investigations: amylase increased, bilirubin increased, CPK increased, electrocardiogram QT prolonged, gamma-glutamyl transferase increased, lipase increased, potassium decreased, prothrombin time prolonged, urea increased

Nervous System: convulsion, dizziness

Respiratory, Thoracic and Mediastinal: cough

Skin and Subcutaneous Tissue: angioneurotic edema, erythema, pruritus, sweating increased, urticaria

Vascular: flushing, hot flushes, thrombophlebitis superficial

6.5 Post-marketing Experience

The following adverse reactions have been identified during post approval use of Eraxis. Because these reactions are reported voluntarily from a population of uncertain size, it is not always possible to reliably estimate their frequency or establish a causal relationship to drug exposure.

Immune: Anaphylactic shock, anaphylactic reaction, bronchospasm [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2) ].

7 DRUG INTERACTIONS

7.1 Cyclosporine

Administration of multiple doses of Eraxis and cyclosporine to healthy subjects resulted in no significant alteration in the steady state pharmacokinetics of either drug. No dosage adjustment of cyclosporine or Eraxis is needed when the two drugs are co-administered [see Clinical Pharmacology ].

7.2 Voriconazole

Administration of multiple doses of Eraxis and voriconazole to healthy subjects resulted in no significant alteration in the steady state pharmacokinetics of either drug. No dosage adjustment of voriconazole or Eraxis is needed when the two drugs are co-administered [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.4) ].

7.3 Tacrolimus

Administration of multiple doses of Eraxis and a single dose of tacrolimus to healthy subjects resulted in no significant alteration in the steady state pharmacokinetics of either drug. No dosage adjustment of tacrolimus or Eraxis is needed when the two drugs are co-administered [see Clinical Pharmacology ].

7.4 Rifampin

Administration of multiple doses of Eraxis and rifampin to patients resulted in no significant alteration in the steady state pharmacokinetics of Eraxis. No dosage adjustment of Eraxis is needed when it is co-administered with rifampin [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.4) ].

7.5 Amphotericin B Liposome for Injection

Administration of multiple doses of Eraxis and liposomal amphotericin B to patients resulted in no significant alteration in the steady state pharmacokinetics of Eraxis. No dosage adjustment of Eraxis is needed when it is co-administered with liposomal amphotericin B [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.4) ].

8 USE IN SPECIFIC POPULATIONS

• Pregnancy: Based on animal data, may cause fetal harm
• Nursing Mothers: Caution should be exercised when administered to a nursing woman (8.3)
• Pediatrics: The safety and effectiveness in patients ≤16 years has not been established (8.4)

8.1 Pregnancy

Pregnancy Category B

Embryo-fetal development studies were conducted with doses up to 20 mg/kg/day in rats and rabbits (equivalent to 2 and 4 times, respectively, the proposed therapeutic maintenance dose of 100 mg/day on the basis of relative body surface area). In rats, Eraxis crossed the placental barrier, was detected in fetal plasma, and was associated with incomplete ossification of several bones. There are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Because animal reproduction studies are not always predictive of human response, Eraxis should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed.

8.3 Nursing Mothers

Eraxis was found in the milk of lactating rats. It is not known whether Eraxis is excreted in human milk. Because many drugs are excreted in human milk, caution should be exercised when Eraxis is administered to a nursing woman.

8.4 Pediatric Use

The safety and effectiveness of Eraxis in patients ≤16 years old has not been established [see Clinical Pharmacology ].

8.5 Geriatric Use

Dosage adjustments are not required for geriatric patients [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.4) ].

Of the total number of subjects (N = 197) in the pivotal clinical studies of Eraxis, 35% were 65 years and over, while 18% were 75 years and over. No overall differences in safety or effectiveness were observed between these subjects and younger subjects, and other reported clinical experience has not identified differences in responses between the elderly and younger patients, but greater sensitivity of some older individuals cannot be ruled out.

8.6 Hepatic Insufficiency

No dosing adjustments are required for patients with any degree of hepatic insufficiency. Eraxis is not hepatically metabolized. Eraxis pharmacokinetics were examined in subjects with Child-Pugh class A, B or C hepatic insufficiency. Eraxis concentrations were not increased in subjects with any degree of hepatic insufficiency. Though a slight decrease in AUC was observed in patients with Child-Pugh C hepatic insufficiency, it was within the range of population estimates noted for healthy subjects [see Clinical Pharmacology ].

8.7 Renal Insufficiency

Dosage adjustments are not required for patients with any degree of renal insufficiency including those on hemodialysis. Eraxis has negligible (<1%) renal clearance. In a clinical study of subjects with mild, moderate, severe or end stage (dialysis-dependent) renal insufficiency, Eraxis pharmacokinetics were similar to those observed in subjects with normal renal function. Eraxis is not dialyzable and may be administered without regard to the timing of hemodialysis [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.4) ].

10 OVERDOSAGE

During clinical trials a single 400 mg dose of Eraxis was inadvertently administered as a loading dose. No clinical adverse events were reported. In a study of 10 healthy subjects administered a loading dose of 260 mg followed by 130 mg daily, Eraxis was generally well tolerated; 3 of the 10 subjects experienced transient, asymptomatic transaminase elevations (≤3 x ULN) [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1) ].

Eraxis is not dialyzable.

The maximum non-lethal dose of Eraxis in rats was 50 mg/kg, a dose which is equivalent to 10 times the recommended daily dose for esophageal candidiasis (50 mg/day) or equivalent to 5 times the recommended daily dose for candidemia and other Candida infections (100 mg/day), based on relative body surface area comparisons.

11 DESCRIPTION

Eraxis for Injection is a sterile, lyophilized product for intravenous (IV) infusion that contains Eraxis. Eraxis (anidulafungin) is a semi-synthetic lipopeptide synthesized from a fermentation product of Aspergillus nidulans. Eraxis is an echinocandin, a class of antifungal drugs that inhibits the synthesis of 1,3-β-D-glucan, an essential component of fungal cell walls.

Eraxis (anidulafungin) is 1-[(4R,5R)-4,5-dihydroxy-N₂-[[4"-(pentyloxy)[1,1':4',1"-terphenyl]-4-yl]carbonyl]-L-ornithine]echinocandin B. Eraxis is a white to off-white powder that is practically insoluble in water and slightly soluble in ethanol. In addition to the active ingredient, Eraxis, Eraxis for Injection contains the following inactive ingredients:

50 mg/vial - fructose (50 mg), mannitol (250 mg), polysorbate 80 (125 mg), tartaric acid (5.6 mg), and sodium hydroxide and/or hydrochloric acid for pH adjustment.

100 mg/vial - fructose (100 mg), mannitol (500 mg), polysorbate 80 (250 mg), tartaric acid (11.2 mg), and sodium hydroxide and/or hydrochloric acid for pH adjustment.

The empirical formula of Eraxis is C₅₈H₇₃N₇O₁₇ and the formula weight is 1140.3.

The structural formula is:

Prior to administration, Eraxis for Injection requires reconstitution with sterile Water for Injection and subsequent dilution with either 5% Dextrose Injection, USP or 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP (normal saline).

DO NOT dilute with other solutions or co-infuse with other medications or electrolytes [see Dosage and Administration (2) ].

Chemical Structure

12 CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY

12.1 Mechanism of Action

Eraxis is an anti-fungal drug [see Microbiology ].

12.3 Pharmacokinetics

General Pharmacokinetic Characteristics

The pharmacokinetics of Eraxis following intravenous (IV) administration have been characterized in healthy subjects, special populations and patients. Systemic exposures of Eraxis are dose-proportional and have low intersubject variability (coefficient of variation <25%) as shown in Table 4. The steady state was achieved on the first day after a loading dose (twice the daily maintenance dose) and the estimated plasma accumulation factor at steady state is approximately 2.

The clearance of Eraxis is about 1 L/h and Eraxis has a terminal elimination half-life of 40–50 hours.

Distribution

The pharmacokinetics of Eraxis following IV administration are characterized by a short distribution half-life (0.5–1 hour) and a volume of distribution of 30–50 L that is similar to total body fluid volume. Eraxis is extensively bound (>99%) to human plasma proteins.

Metabolism

Hepatic metabolism of Eraxis has not been observed. Eraxis is not a clinically relevant substrate, inducer, or inhibitor of cytochrome P450 (CYP450) isoenzymes. It is unlikely that Eraxis will have clinically relevant effects on the metabolism of drugs metabolized by CYP450 isoenzymes.

Eraxis undergoes slow chemical degradation at physiologic temperature and pH to a ring-opened peptide that lacks antifungal activity. The in vitro degradation half-life of Eraxis under physiologic conditions is about 24 hours. In vivo, the ring-opened product is subsequently converted to peptidic degradants and eliminated.

Excretion

In a single-dose clinical study, radiolabeled (¹⁴C) Eraxis was administered to healthy subjects. Approximately 30% of the administered radioactive dose was eliminated in the feces over 9 days, of which less than 10% was intact drug. Less than 1% of the administered radioactive dose was excreted in the urine. Eraxis concentrations fell below the lower limits of quantitation 6 days post-dose. Negligible amounts of drug-derived radioactivity were recovered in blood, urine, and feces 8 weeks post-dose.

Specific Populations

Patients with fungal infections

Population pharmacokinetic analyses from four clinical trials including 107 male and 118 female patients with fungal infections showed that the pharmacokinetic parameters of Eraxis are not affected by age, race, or the presence of concomitant medications which are known metabolic substrates, inhibitors or inducers.

The pharmacokinetics of Eraxis in patients with fungal infections are similar to those observed in healthy subjects. The pharmacokinetic parameters of Eraxis estimated using population pharmacokinetic modeling following IV administration of a maintenance dose of 50 mg/day or 100 mg/day (following a loading dose) are presented in Table 5.

Gender

Dosage adjustments are not required based on gender. Plasma concentrations of Eraxis in healthy men and women were similar. In multiple-dose patient studies, drug clearance was slightly faster (approximately 22%) in men.

Geriatric

Dosage adjustments are not required for geriatric patients. The population pharmacokinetic analysis showed that median clearance differed slightly between the elderly group (patients ≥65, median CL=1.07 L/h) and the non-elderly group (patients <65, median CL=1.22 L/h) and the range of clearance was similar.

Race

Dosage adjustments are not required based on race. Eraxis pharmacokinetics were similar among Whites, Blacks, Asians, and Hispanics.

HIV Status

Dosage adjustments are not required based on HIV status, irrespective of concomitant anti-retroviral therapy.

Hepatic Insufficiency

Dosage adjustments are not required on the basis of mild, moderate or severe hepatic insufficiency. Eraxis is not hepatically metabolized. Eraxis pharmacokinetics were examined in subjects with Child-Pugh class A, B or C hepatic insufficiency. Eraxis concentrations were not increased in subjects with any degree of hepatic insufficiency. Though a slight decrease in AUC was observed in patients with Child-Pugh C hepatic insufficiency, it was within the range of population estimates noted for healthy subjects.

Renal Insufficiency

Dosage adjustments are not required for patients with any degree of renal insufficiency including those on hemodialysis. Eraxis has negligible renal clearance. In a clinical study of subjects with mild, moderate, severe or end stage (dialysis-dependent) renal insufficiency, Eraxis pharmacokinetics were similar to those observed in subjects with normal renal function. Eraxis is not dialyzable and may be administered without regard to the timing of hemodialysis.

Pediatric

The pharmacokinetics of Eraxis after daily doses were investigated in immunocompromised pediatric (2 through 11 years) and adolescent (12 through 17 years) patients with neutropenia. The steady state was achieved on the first day after administration of the loading dose (twice the maintenance dose), and the C_max and AUC_ss increased in a dose-proportional manner. Concentrations and exposures following administration of maintenance doses of 0.75 and 1.5 mg/kg/day in this population were similar to those observed in adults following maintenance doses of 50 and 100 mg/day, respectively (as shown in Table 6).

Drug Interactions

In vitro studies showed that Eraxis is not metabolized by human cytochrome P450 or by isolated human hepatocytes, and does not significantly inhibit the activities of human CYP isoforms (1A2, 2B6, 2C8, 2C9, 2C19, 2D6 and 3A) in clinically relevant concentrations. No clinically relevant drug-drug interactions were observed with drugs likely to be co-administered with Eraxis.

Cyclosporine (CYP3A4 substrate)

In a study in which 12 healthy adult subjects received 100 mg/day maintenance dose of Eraxis following a 200 mg loading dose (on Days 1 to 8) and in combination with 1.25 mg/kg oral cyclosporine twice daily (on Days 5 to 8), the steady state C_max of Eraxis was not significantly altered by cyclosporine; the steady state AUC of Eraxis was increased by 22%. A separate in vitro study showed that Eraxis has no effect on the metabolism of cyclosporine. No dosage adjustment of either drug is warranted when co-administered [see Drug Interactions (7.1) ].

Voriconazole (CYP2C19, CYP2C9, CYP3A4 inhibitor and substrate)

In a study in which 17 healthy subjects received 100 mg/day maintenance dose of Eraxis following a 200 mg loading dose, 200 mg twice daily oral voriconazole (following two 400 mg loading doses) and both in combination, the steady state C_max and AUC of Eraxis and voriconazole were not significantly altered by co-administration. No dosage adjustment of either drug is warranted when co-administered [see Drug Interactions (7.2) ].

Tacrolimus (CYP3A4 substrate)

In a study in which 35 healthy subjects received a single oral dose of 5 mg tacrolimus (on Day 1), 100 mg/day maintenance dose of Eraxis following a 200 mg loading dose (on Days 4 to 12) and both in combination (on Day 13), the steady state C_max and AUC of Eraxis and tacrolimus were not significantly altered by co-administration. No dosage adjustment of either drug is warranted when co-administered [see Drug Interactions (7.3) ].

Rifampin (potent CYP450 inducer)

The pharmacokinetics of Eraxis were examined in 27 patients that were co-administered Eraxis and rifampin. The population pharmacokinetic analysis showed that when compared to data from patients that did not receive rifampin, the pharmacokinetics of Eraxis were not significantly altered by co-administration with rifampin. No dosage adjustment of Eraxis is warranted [see Drug Interactions (7.4) ].

Amphotericin B liposome for injection

The pharmacokinetics of Eraxis were examined in 27 patients that were co-administered liposomal amphotericin B. The population pharmacokinetic analysis showed that when compared to data from patients that did not receive amphotericin B, the pharmacokinetics of Eraxis were not significantly altered by co-administration with amphotericin B. No dosage adjustment of Eraxis is warranted [see Drug Interactions (7.5) ].

12.4 Microbiology

Mechanism of Action

Eraxis is a semi-synthetic echinocandin with antifungal activity. Eraxis inhibits glucan synthase, an enzyme present in fungal, but not mammalian cells. This results in inhibition of the formation of 1,3-β-D-glucan, an essential component of the fungal cell wall.

Activity in vitro

Eraxis has been shown to be active against Candida albicans, C. glabrata, C. parapsilosis, and C. tropicalis both in vitro and in clinical infections as described in INDICATIONS AND USAGE and CLINICAL STUDIES. Because of the potential for reduced susceptibility to Eraxis, it is recommended that susceptibility be determined by a standardized method.

Eraxis minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were determined for isolates of Candida spp. obtained during clinical studies using a standardized method. However, no correlation between in vitro activity as determined by this method and clinical outcome was established.

Drug Resistance

Echinocandin resistance is due to point mutations within the genes (FKS1 and FKS2) encoding for subunits in the glucan synthase enzyme complex. There have been reports of Candida isolates with reduced susceptibility to Eraxis, suggesting a potential for development of drug resistance. The clinical significance of this observation is not fully understood.

13 NONCLINICAL TOXICOLOGY

13.1 Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment of Fertility

Long-term animal carcinogenicity studies of Eraxis have not been conducted.

Eraxis was not genotoxic in the following in vitro studies: bacterial reverse mutation assays, a chromosome aberration assay with Chinese hamster ovary cells, and a forward gene mutation assay with mouse lymphoma cells. Eraxis was not genotoxic in mice using the in vivo micronucleus assay.

Eraxis produced no adverse effects on fertility in male or female rats at intravenous doses of 20 mg/kg/day.

13.2 Animal Toxicology and/or Pharmacology

In 3 month studies, liver toxicity, including single cell hepatocellular necrosis, hepatocellular hypertrophy and increased liver weights were observed in monkeys and rats at doses equivalent to 5–6 times human exposure. For both species, hepatocellular hypertrophy was still noted one month after the end of dosing.

14 CLINICAL STUDIES

14.1 Candidemia and Other Candida Infections

The safety and efficacy of Eraxis were evaluated in a Phase 3, randomized, double-blind study of patients with candidemia and/or other forms of invasive candidiasis. Patients were randomized to receive once daily IV Eraxis (200 mg loading dose followed by 100 mg maintenance dose) or IV fluconazole (800 mg loading dose followed by 400 mg maintenance dose). Patients were stratified by APACHE II score (≤20 and >20) and the presence or absence of neutropenia. Patients with Candida endocarditis, osteomyelitis or meningitis, or those with infection due to C. krusei, were excluded from the study. Treatment was administered for at least 14 and not more than 42 days. Patients in both study arms were permitted to switch to oral fluconazole after at least 10 days of intravenous therapy, provided that they were able to tolerate oral medication, were afebrile for at least 24 hours, and the last blood cultures were negative for Candida species.

Patients who received at least one dose of study medication and who had a positive culture for Candida species from a normally sterile site before entry into the study (modified intent-to-treat [MITT] population) were included in the analysis of global response at the end of IV therapy. A successful global response required clinical cure or improvement (significant, but incomplete resolution of signs and symptoms of the Candida infection and no additional antifungal treatment), and documented or presumed microbiological eradication. Patients with an indeterminate outcome were analyzed as failures in this population.

Two hundred and fifty-six patients in the intent-to-treat (ITT) population were randomized and received at least one dose of study medication. In ERAXIS-treated patients, the age range was 16–89 years, the gender distribution was 50% male and 50% female, and the race distribution was 71% White, 20% Black/African American, 7% Hispanic, 2% other races. The median duration of IV therapy was 14 and 11 days in the Eraxis and fluconazole arms, respectively. For those who received oral fluconazole, the median duration of oral therapy was 7 days for the Eraxis arm and 5 days for the fluconazole arm.

Patient disposition is presented in Table 7.

Two hundred and forty-five patients (127 Eraxis, 118 fluconazole) met the criteria for inclusion in the MITT population. Of these, 219 patients (116 Eraxis, 103 fluconazole) had candidemia only. Risk factors for candidemia among patients in both treatment arms in this study were: presence of a central venous catheter (78%), receipt of broad-spectrum antibiotics (69%), recent surgery (42%), recent hyperalimentation (25%), and underlying malignancy (22%). The most frequent species isolated at baseline was C. albicans (62%), followed by C. glabrata (20%), C. parapsilosis (12%) and C. tropicalis (11%). The majority (97%) of patients were non-neutropenic (ANC >500) and 81% had APACHE II scores less than or equal to 20.

Global success rates in patients with candidemia and other Candida infections are summarized in Table 8.

Table 9 presents global response by patients with candidemia or multiple sites of Candida infection and mortality data for the MITT population.

14.2 Esophageal Candidiasis

Eraxis was evaluated in a double-blind, double-dummy, randomized Phase 3 study. Three hundred patients received Eraxis (100 mg loading dose IV on Day 1 followed by 50 mg/day IV) and 301 received oral fluconazole (200 mg loading dose on Day 1 followed by 100 mg/day). Treatment duration was 7 days beyond resolution of symptoms for a minimum of 14 and a maximum of 21 days.

Of the 442 patients with culture confirmed esophageal candidiasis, most patients (91%) had C. albicans isolated at the baseline.

Treatment groups were similar in demographic and other baseline characteristics. In ERAXIS-treated patients, the age range was 16–69 years, the gender distribution was 42% male and 58% female, and the race distribution was 15% White, 49% Black/African American, 15% Asian, 0.3 % Hispanic, 21% other races.

In this study, of 280 patients tested, 237 (84.6%) tested HIV positive. In both groups the median time to resolution of symptoms was 5 days and the median duration of therapy was 14 days.

Efficacy was assessed by endoscopic outcome at end of therapy (EOT). Patients were considered clinically evaluable if they received at least 10 days of therapy, had an EOT assessment with a clinical outcome other than 'indeterminate', had an endoscopy at EOT, and did not have any protocol violations prior to the EOT visit that would affect an assessment of efficacy.

An endoscopic success, defined as cure (endoscopic grade of 0 on a 4-point severity scale) or improvement (decrease of one or more grades from baseline), was seen in 225/231 (97.4%) ERAXIS-treated patients and 233/236 (98.7%) fluconazole-treated patients (Table 10). The majority of these patients were endoscopic cures (grade=0). Two weeks after completing therapy, the Eraxis group had significantly more endoscopically-documented relapses than the fluconazole group, 120/225 (53.3%) vs. 45/233 (19.3%), respectively (Table 10).

Clinical success (cure or improvement in clinical symptoms including odynophagia/dysphagia and retrosternal pain) occurred in 229/231 (99.1%) of the ERAXIS-treated patients and 235/236 (99.6%) of the fluconazole-treated patients at the end of therapy. For patients with C. albicans, microbiological success occurred in 142/162 (87.7%) of the ERAXIS-treated group and 157/166 (94.6%) of the fluconazole-treated group at the end of therapy. For patients with Candida species other than C. albicans, success occurred in 10/12 (83.3%) of the ERAXIS-treated group and 14/16 (87.5%) of the fluconazole-treated group.

16 HOW SUPPLIED/STORAGE AND HANDLING

16.1 How Supplied

Eraxis for Injection is supplied in a single-use vial of sterile, lyophilized, preservative-free, powder. Eraxis (anidulafungin) is available in the following packaging configuration:

Single-Use Vial of Eraxis 50 mg

NDC 0049-0114-28 One - 50 mg vial

Single-Use Vial of Eraxis 100 mg

NDC 0049-0116-28 One - 100 mg vial

16.2 Storage

Unreconstituted vials

Eraxis unreconstituted vials should be stored in a refrigerator at 2°C – 8°C (36°F – 46°F). Do not freeze.

Excursions for 96 hours up to 25ºC (77ºF) are permitted, and the vial can be returned to storage at 2°C – 8°C (36°F – 46°F).

Reconstituted solution

Eraxis reconstituted solution can be stored at up to 25°C (77°F) for up to 24 hours.

Chemical and physical in-use stability of the reconstituted solution has been demonstrated for 24 hours at 25ºC (77ºF).

From a microbiological point of view, following good aseptic practices, the reconstituted solution can be utilized for up to 24 hours when stored at 25ºC.

Infusion Solution

Eraxis infusion solution can be stored at temperatures up to 25°C (77°F) for up to 48 hours or stored frozen for at least 72 hours.

Chemical and physical in-use stability of the infusion solution has been demonstrated for 48 hours at 25ºC (77ºF) or 72 hours when stored frozen.

From a microbiological point of view, following good aseptic practices, the infusion solution can be utilized for up to 48 hours from preparation when stored at 25ºC.

17 PATIENT COUNSELING INFORMATION

17.1 Hepatic Effects

Inform patients about the risk of developing abnormal liver function tests and/or hepatic dysfunction. Advise the patient that liver function tests may be monitored during treatment.

17.2 Hypersensitivity

Inform the patient that anaphylactic reactions, including shock were reported with Eraxis. Inform the patient if these reactions occur, Eraxis may be discontinued and appropriate treatment administered.

Inform the patient that Eraxis is also known to cause infusion-related adverse reactions, possibly histamine-mediated. Inform the patient to report symptoms including rash, urticaria, flushing, pruritus, dyspnea, and hypotension to their healthcare provider.

17.3 Pregnant Women and Nursing Mothers

Inform patients that Eraxis has not been studied in pregnant women or nursing mothers so the effects of Eraxis on pregnant women or nursing infants are not known. Instruct patients to tell their healthcare provider if they are pregnant, become pregnant, or are thinking about becoming pregnant. Instruct patients to tell their healthcare provider if they plan to breast-feed their infant.

This product's label may have been updated. For current full prescribing information, please visit www.pfizer.com.

LAB-0336-9.0

November 2013

Logo

1 Sterile Single-use Vial

Eraxis ^®

(anidulafungin)

for Injection

50 mg/vial

For Intravenous Infusion Only

Pfizer Injectables

Distributed by: Roerig

Division of Pfizer Inc

NY, NY 10017

Rx only

Eraxis pharmaceutical active ingredients containing related brand and generic drugs:

• Anidulafungin

Eraxis available forms, composition, doses:

• Injectable; Infusion; Anidulafungin 100 mg
• Injectable; Infusion; Anidulafungin 50 mg
• Injectable; Injection; Anidulafungin 100 mg

Eraxis destination | category:

• Human:
• Antifungals

Eraxis Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical codes:

• J02AX06 - Anidulafungin

Eraxis pharmaceutical companies:

• Pfizer
• Roerig
• The Glory Medicina
• Vicuron Pharmaceuticals
• Zuellig Pharma

References

1. Dailymed."ERAXIS (ANIDULAFUNGIN) INJECTION, POWDER, LYOPHILIZED, FOR SOLUTION [ROERIG]". https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailym... (accessed August 28, 2018).
2. Dailymed."ANIDULAFUNGIN: DailyMed provides trustworthy information about marketed drugs in the United States. DailyMed is the official provider of FDA label information (package inserts).". https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailym... (accessed August 28, 2018).
3. "Anidulafungin". https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/co... (accessed August 28, 2018).

Frequently asked Questions

Depending on the reaction of the Eraxis after taken, if you are feeling dizziness, drowsiness or any weakness as a reaction on your body, Then consider Eraxis not safe to drive or operate heavy machine after consumption. Meaning that, do not drive or operate heavy duty machines after taking the capsule if the capsule has a strange reaction on your body like dizziness, drowsiness. As prescribed by a pharmacist, it is dangerous to take alcohol while taking medicines as it exposed patients to drowsiness and health risk. Please take note of such effect most especially when taking Primosa capsule. It's advisable to consult your doctor on time for a proper recommendation and medical consultations.

Medicines are not designed with the mind of creating an addiction or abuse on the health of the users. Addictive Medicine is categorically called Controlled substances by the government. For instance, Schedule H or X in India and schedule II-V in the US are controlled substances.

Please consult the medicine instruction manual on how to use and ensure it is not a controlled substance.In conclusion, self medication is a killer to your health. Consult your doctor for a proper prescription, recommendation, and guidiance.

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The information was verified by Dr. Rachana Salvi, MD Pharmacology