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DRUGS & SUPPLEMENTS
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Diphenhydramine
What are the side effects you encounter while taking this medicine? |
Diphenhydramine uses
Pharmacological action
Diphenhydramine Xepa-Soul Pattinson is a blocker of histamine H1-receptors. It has antiallergic activity, has a local anesthetic, antispasmodic and mild ganglion blocking action.
When Diphenhydramine Xepa-Soul Pattinson administered orally Diphenhydramine has a sedative and hypnotic effects, has a moderate antiemetic effect and has a central holinoliticheskoy activity.
When applied externally it has antiallergic effect.
Pharmacokinetics
Diphenhydramine Xepa-Soul Pattinson is rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Bioavailability is 50%. Cmax is achieved after 20-40 min. Binding to plasma proteins - 98-99%. Penetrates through the BBB. Metabolised mainly in the liver, partly - in the lungs and kidneys. T1/2 is 4-10 hours. Within one day completely removed kidneys as metabolites conjugated to glucuronic acid. Significant quantities are derived from milk and can cause sedation in infants (may be a paradoxical reaction characterized by hyperexcitability).
Why is Diphenhydramine Xepa-Soul Pattinson prescribed?
Allergic reactions (urticaria, hay fever, angioedema), allergic conjunctivitis, vasomotor rhinitis, Henoch-Schonlein purpura, serum sickness, itchy dermatitis, sleep disorders (monotherapy or in combination with drugs), chorea, sea and air sickness, vomiting in pregnancy, Meniere's syndrome, premedication.
Dosage and administration
Oral, IV, IM, rectal, topical, intranasal, in the conjunctival sac. Oral dose of Diphenhydramine Xepa-Soul Pattinson for adults is 30-50 mg 1-3 times / day. The treatment course is 10-15 days. As soporific - 50 mg at bedtime. IM in doses of 50-250 mg; IV in drip - 20-50 mg. When oral administered single dose for children under 1 year - 2-5 mg; from 2 to 5 years - 5-15 mg; of 6 to 12 years - 15-30 mg. Externally applied 1-2 times / day.
Diphenhydramine Xepa-Soul Pattinson side effects, adverse reactions
Possible: a short-term numbness in the oral mucosa, drowsiness, weakness, decrease in psychomotor speed of reaction in children may be a paradoxical development of insomnia, irritability, and euphoria.
Rarely: dizziness, headache, dry mouth, nausea, photosensitivity, paresis of accommodation, poor coordination of movements, tremor.
Diphenhydramine Xepa-Soul Pattinson contraindications
Closure glaucoma, prostatic hypertrophy, stenosing peptic ulcer, stenosis of the bladder neck, bronchial asthma, epilepsy, hypersensitivity to Diphenhydramine.
Using during pregnancy and breastfeeding
During pregnancy and lactation, Diphenhydramine used with caution, according to strict indications, when the expected therapeutic effect for the mother outweighs the potential risk to the fetus or infant.
Special instructions
With careful use Diphenhydramine during pregnancy and lactation.
During the period of treatment with Diphenhydramine Xepa-Soul Pattinson should not be exposed to solar radiation should be avoided alcohol.
Used with caution in patients involved in potentially dangerous activities requiring attention and rapid psychomotor reactions.
Precautionary measures
Diphenhydramine Xepa-Soul Pattinson is not recommended for SC injection. Since Diphenhydramine has atropinopodobnym action should be cautious in its use: patients with recent respiratory infection in history, increased intraocular pressure in hyperthyroidism, cardiovascular system, hypotension. Antihistamines drugs can reduce mental alertness as well as in adults and children and also cause agitation and hallucinations, convulsions and death in infants and children, especially in overdose. Precautions apply at age 60 and older because more likely to develop dizziness, sedation and hypotension. During treatment with Diphenhydramine should avoid sun exposure. Should not be used during the drivers of vehicles and people, trade is connected with increased concentration. In the period of treatment should avoid drinking alcoholic beverages.
Diphenhydramine Xepa-Soul Pattinson drug interactions
When Diphenhydramine Xepa-Soul Pattinson applied simultaneously increases the effects of ethanol and drugs that depress the central nervous system.
With simultaneous use of Diphenhydramine Xepa-Soul Pattinson and MAO inhibitors increase the anticholinergic activity of Diphenhydramine.
The antagonistic interaction observed with a joint appointment with psychostimulants.
Reduces the effectiveness of apomorphine as an emetic in the treatment of poisoning. Intensifies anticholinergic effects of drugs with anticholinergic activity.
Diphenhydramine Xepa-Soul Pattinson in case of emergency / overdose
Symptoms: dry mouth, difficulty breathing, persistent mydriasis, flushing, depression or excitement (more common in children), CNS confusion; children - the development of convulsions and death.
Treatment: induction of vomiting, gastric lavage, the prescription of activated charcoal, symptomatic and supportive therapy on a background of careful monitoring of respiration and blood pressure levels.
Diphenhydramine pharmaceutical active ingredients containing related brand and generic drugs:
Diphenhydramine available forms, composition, doses:
Composition is the list of ingredients which combinedly form a medicine. Both active ingredients and inactive ingredients form the composition. The active ingredient gives the desired therapeutic effect whereas the inactive ingredient helps in making the medicine stable.
Doses are various strengths of the medicine like 10mg, 20mg, 30mg and so on. Each medicine comes in various doses which is decided by the manufacturer, that is, pharmaceutical company. The dose is decided on the severity of the symptom or disease.