|
|||
|
DRUGS & SUPPLEMENTS
|
Cyanocobalamin
How is the drug helping you? |
Cyanocobalamin uses
Pharmacological action
Cyanocobalamin refers to a group of water-soluble vitamins. It has high biological activity. Cyanocobalamin is necessary for normal hematopoiesis. Involved in the processes of transmethylation, hydrogen transport, synthesis of methionine, nucleic acids, choline, creatine. Contributes to the accumulation in erythrocytes of compounds containing sulfhydryl groups. Has a beneficial effect on liver function and the nervous system. Activates the coagulation of blood in high doses causes an increase in the activity of thromboplastin and prothrombin.
Pharmacokinetics
After oral administration Cyanocobalamin absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Metabolized in the tissues, becoming a co-enzyme form - adenosylcobalamin which is the active form of cyanocobalamin. Excreted in bile and urine.
Why is Cyanocobalamin prescribed?
Anemia due to B12-deficiency conditions; in the complex therapy for iron and posthemorrhagic anemia; aplastic anemia caused by toxic substances and drugs; liver disease ; funicular myelosis; polyneuritis, radiculitis, neuralgia, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; children cerebral palsy, Down syndrome, peripheral nerve injury; skin diseases (psoriasis, photodermatosis, herpetiformis dermatitis, neurodermatitis); to prevent and treat symptoms of deficiency of Cyanocobalamin (including the application of biguanide, PASA, vitamin C in high doses); radiation sickness.
Dosage and administration
Cyanocobalamin is used as injections SC, IV, IM, intralumbar, and also oral. With anemia associated with Cyanocobalamin deficiency is introduced on 100-200 mcg in 2 days. In anemia with symptoms of funicular myelosis and megalocytic anemia with diseases of the nervous system - 400-500 micrograms in the first 7 days daily, then 1 time every 5-7 days. In the period of remission in the absence of events funicular myelosis maintenance dose - 100 mcg 2 times a month, in the presence of neurological symptoms - at 200-400 mcg 2-4 times a month. In acute post-hemorrhagic anemia and iron anemia by 30-100 mcg 2-3 times a week. When aplastic anemia (especially in children) - 100 micrograms before clinical improvement. When nutritional anemia in infants and preterm - 30 mcg / day during 15 days.
In diseases of the central and peripheral nervous system and neurological diseases with a pain syndrome is administered in increasing doses - 200-500 mcg, with the improvement in the state - 100 mcg / day. The course of treatment with Cyanocobalamin is 2 weeks. In traumatic lesions of peripheral nervous system - at 200-400 mcg every other day for 40-45 days.
When hepatitis and cirrhosis - 30-60 mcg / day or 100 mg every other day for 25-40 days.
Dystrophy in young children, Down syndrome and cerebral palsy - by 15-30 mcg every other day.
When funicular myelosis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis can be introduced into the spinal canal at 15-30 mcg, gradually increasing the dose of 200-250 micrograms.
In radiation sickness, diabetic neuropathy, sprue - by 60-100 mcg daily for 20-30 days.
When deficiency of Cyanocobalamin to prevent - IV or IM for 1 mg 1 time a month; for treatment - IV or IM for 1 mg daily for 1-2 weeks, the maintenance dose is 1-2 mg IV or IM from 1 per week, up to 1 per month. Duration of treatment is determined individually.
Cyanocobalamin side effects, adverse reactions
CNS: rarely - a state of arousal.
Cardiovascular system: rarely - pain in the heart, tachycardia.
Allergic reactions: rarely - urticaria.
Cyanocobalamin contraindications
Thromboembolism, erythremia, erythrocytosis, increased sensitivity to cyanocobalamin.
Cyanocobalamin using during pregnancy and breastfeeding
Cyanocobalamin can be used in pregnancy according to prescriptions.
Special instructions
When stenocardia should be used with caution in a single dose of Cyanocobalamin 100 mcg. During treatment should regularly monitor the blood picture and coagulation. It is unacceptable to enter in the same syringe with cyanocobalamin solutions of thiamine and pyridoxine.
Cyanocobalamin drug interactions
In an application of Cyanocobalamin with hormonal contraceptives for oral administration may decrease the concentration of cyanocobalamin in plasma.
In an application with anticonvulsant drugs decreased cyanocobalamin absorption from the gut.
In an Cyanocobalamin application with neomycin, aminosalicylic acid, colchicine, cimetidine, ranitidine, drugs potassium decreased cyanocobalamin absorption from the gut.
Cyanocobalamin may exacerbate allergic reactions caused by thiamine.
When parenteral application of chloramphenicol may decrease the hematopoietic effects of cyanocobalamin with anemia.
Pharmaceutical incompatibility
Contained in the molecule of cyanocobalamin cobalt ion contributes to the destruction of ascorbic acid, thiamine bromide, riboflavin in one solution.
Cyanocobalamin pharmaceutical active ingredients containing related brand and generic drugs:
Cyanocobalamin available forms, composition, doses:
Composition is the list of ingredients which combinedly form a medicine. Both active ingredients and inactive ingredients form the composition. The active ingredient gives the desired therapeutic effect whereas the inactive ingredient helps in making the medicine stable.
Doses are various strengths of the medicine like 10mg, 20mg, 30mg and so on. Each medicine comes in various doses which is decided by the manufacturer, that is, pharmaceutical company. The dose is decided on the severity of the symptom or disease.