Betagram

What are the side effects you encounter while taking this medicine?
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Betagram uses

Betagram consists of Betamethasone Valerate, Gentamicin Sulfate.

Betamethasone Valerate:



Betagram (Betamethasone Valerate) Spray is indicated for the treatment of mild to moderate plaque psoriasis in patients 18 years of age or older.

Betagram (Betamethasone Valerate) Spray is a corticosteroid indicated for the treatment of mild to moderate plaque psoriasis in patients 18 years of age or older. (1)

2 DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION

Shake well before use.

Apply Betagram (Betamethasone Valerate) Spray to the affected skin areas twice daily and rub in gently.

Use Betagram (Betamethasone Valerate) Spray for up to 4 weeks of treatment. Treatment beyond 4 weeks is not recommended.

Discontinue Betagram (Betamethasone Valerate) Spray when control is achieved.

Do not use if atrophy is present at the treatment site.

Do not bandage, cover, or wrap the treated skin area unless directed by a physician.

Avoid use on the face, scalp, axilla, groin, or other intertriginous areas.

Betagram (Betamethasone Valerate) Spray is for topical use only. It is not for oral, ophthalmic, or intravaginal use.

  • Apply to the affected skin areas twice daily. Rub in gently. (2)
  • Use Betagram (Betamethasone Valerate) Spray for up to 4 weeks and not beyond. (2)
  • Discontinue treatment when control is achieved. (2)
  • Do not use if atrophy is present at the treatment site. (2)
  • Do not use with occlusive dressings unless directed by a physician. (2)
  • Avoid use on the face, scalp, axilla, groin, or other intertriginous areas. (2)
  • Not for oral, ophthalmic, or intravaginal use. (2)
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3 DOSAGE FORMS AND STRENGTHS

Spray, 0.05% for topical use. Each gram of Betagram (Betamethasone Valerate) Spray contains 0.643 mg Betagram (Betamethasone Valerate) dipropionate USP (equivalent to 0.5 mg Betagram (Betamethasone Valerate)) in a slightly thickened, white to off-white oil-in-water emulsion.

Spray: 0.05% (equivalent to 0.5 mg betamethasone/g) (3)

4 CONTRAINDICATIONS

None.

  • None. (4)

5 WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS

  • Betagram Spray can produce reversible HPA axis suppression with the potential for glucocorticosteroid insufficiency during or after treatment. (5.1)
  • Cushing's syndrome, hyperglycemia, and unmasking of latent diabetes mellitus can result from systemic absorption of topical corticosteroids. (5.1)
  • Use of topical corticosteroids may require periodic evaluation for HPA axis suppression. (5.1)
  • Modify use if HPA axis suppression develops. (5.1)
  • High potency corticosteroids, large treatment surface areas, prolonged use, use of occlusive dressings, altered skin barrier, liver failure and young age may predispose patients to HPA axis suppression. (5.1)
  • Pediatric patients may be more susceptible to systemic toxicity when treated with topical corticosteroids. (5.1, 8.4)

5.1 Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) Axis Suppression and Other Unwanted Systemic Glucocorticoid Effects

Betagram (Betamethasone Valerate) Spray can produce reversible hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis suppression with the potential for glucocorticosteroid insufficiency. This may occur during or after withdrawal of treatment. Factors that predispose to HPA axis suppression include the use of high-potency corticosteroids, large treatment surface areas, prolonged use, use of occlusive dressings, altered skin barrier, liver failure, and young age.

Evaluation for HPA axis suppression may be done by using the adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) stimulation test.

In a study including 48 evaluable subjects 18 years of age or older with moderate to severe plaque psoriasis, abnormal ACTH stimulation test results suggestive of adrenal suppression were identified in 5 out of 24 (20.8%) subjects after treatment with Betagram (Betamethasone Valerate) Spray twice daily for 15 days. No subject (0 out of 24) had abnormal ACTH stimulation test results after treatment with Betagram (Betamethasone Valerate) Spray twice daily for 29 days .

If HPA axis suppression is documented, gradually withdraw the drug, reduce the frequency of application, or substitute with a less potent corticosteroid. If signs and symptoms of steroid withdrawal occur, supplemental systemic corticosteroids may be required.

Systemic effects of topical corticosteroids may also manifest as Cushing’s syndrome, hyperglycemia, and glucosuria. These events are rare and generally occur after prolonged exposure to larger than recommended doses, particularly with high-potency topical corticosteroids.

Minimize the unwanted risks from endocrine effects by mitigating the risk factors favoring increased systemic bioavailability and by using the product as recommended .

Pediatric patients may be more susceptible to systemic toxicity due to their larger skin surface to body mass ratios. Use of Betagram (Betamethasone Valerate) Spray is not recommended in pediatric patients .

5.2 Allergic Contact Dermatitis

Allergic contact dermatitis with corticosteroids is usually diagnosed by observing failure to heal rather than noting a clinical exacerbation. Corroborate such an observation with appropriate diagnostic patch testing. If irritation develops, discontinue the topical corticosteroid and institute appropriate therapy.

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6 ADVERSE REACTIONS

The most common adverse reactions are application site reactions, including pruritus, burning and/or stinging, pain, and atrophy. (6.1)

To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact Promius Pharma, LLC. at 1-888-966-8766 or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch

6.1 Clinical Trials Experience

Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in clinical practice.

In two randomized, multicenter, prospective vehicle-controlled clinical trials, subjects with moderate plaque psoriasis of the body applied Betagram (Betamethasone Valerate) Spray or vehicle spray twice daily for 4 weeks. A total of 352 subjects applied Betagram (Betamethasone Valerate) Spray and 180 subjects applied vehicle spray.

Adverse reactions that occurred in at least 1% of subjects treated with Betagram (Betamethasone Valerate) Spray for up to 28 days are presented in Table 1.

Betagram (Betamethasone Valerate) Spray b.i.d.

(N=352)

Vehicle Spray b.i.d.

(N=180)

Application site pruritus 6.0% 9.4%
Application site burning

and/or stinging

4.5% 10.0%
Application site pain 2.3% 3.9%
Application site atrophy 1.1% 1.7%

Less common adverse reactions (with occurrence lower than 1% but higher than 0.1%) in subjects treated with Betagram (Betamethasone Valerate) spray were application site reactions including telangiectasia, dermatitis, discoloration, folliculitis and skin rash, in addition to dysgeusia and hyperglycemia. These adverse reactions were not observed in subjects treated with vehicle.

6.2 Postmarketing Experience

Because adverse reactions are reported voluntarily from a population of uncertain size, it is not always possible to reliably estimate their frequency or establish a causal relationship to drug exposure.

Postmarketing reports for local adverse reactions to topical corticosteroids have also included striae, irritation, dryness, acneiform eruptions, hypopigmentation, perioral dermatitis, allergic contact dermatitis, secondary infection, hypertrichosis, and miliaria.

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8 USE IN SPECIFIC POPULATIONS

8.1 Pregnancy

Pregnancy Category C

There are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Betagram Spray should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus.

Betagram (Betamethasone Valerate) dipropionate has been shown to be teratogenic in rabbits when given by the intramuscular route at doses of 0.05 mg/kg. The abnormalities observed included umbilical hernias, cephalocele, and cleft palate.

8.3 Nursing Mothers

Systemically administered corticosteroids appear in human milk and can suppress growth, interfere with endogenous corticosteroid production, or cause other untoward effects. It is not known whether topical administration of corticosteroids can result in sufficient systemic absorption to produce detectable quantities in human milk. Because many drugs are excreted in human milk, caution should be exercised when Betagram (Betamethasone Valerate) Spray is administered to a nursing woman.

8.4 Pediatric Use

Safety and effectiveness of Betagram Spray in patients younger than 18 years of age have not been studied; therefore use in pediatric patients is not recommended. Because of a higher ratio of skin surface area to body mass, pediatric patients are at greater risk of systemic toxicity, including HPA axis suppression and adrenal insufficiency, when treated with topical drugs. [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)]

Rare systemic effects such as Cushing's syndrome, linear growth retardation, delayed weight gain, and intracranial hypertension have been reported in pediatric patients, especially those with prolonged exposure to large doses of high potency topical corticosteroids.

Local adverse reactions including skin atrophy have also been reported with use of topical corticosteroids in pediatric patients.

8.5 Geriatric Use

Clinical studies of Betagram (Betamethasone Valerate) Spray did not include sufficient numbers of subjects who were 65 years of age or older to determine whether they respond differently from younger subjects.

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11 DESCRIPTION

Betagram (Betamethasone Valerate) Spray contains 0.0643% Betagram (Betamethasone Valerate) dipropionate (equivalent to 0.05% Betagram (Betamethasone Valerate)), a synthetic, fluorinated corticosteroid.

The chemical name for Betagram (Betamethasone Valerate) dipropionate is 9-fluoro-11(β), 17, 21-trihydroxy-16(β)-methylpregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione-17,21-dipropionate. The empirical formula is C28H37FO7 and the molecular weight is 504.6. The structural formula is shown below.

Each gram of Betagram (Betamethasone Valerate) Spray contains 0.643 mg of Betagram (Betamethasone Valerate) dipropionate USP (equivalent to 0.5 mg Betagram (Betamethasone Valerate)) in a slightly thickened, white to off-white, oil-in-water, non-sterile emulsion with the following inactive ingredients:, butylated hydroxytoluene, cetostearyl alcohol, hydroxyethyl cellulose, methylparaben, mineral oil, oleyl alcohol, polyoxyl 20 cetostearyl ether, propylparaben, purified water, and sorbitan monostearate. Betagram (Betamethasone Valerate) Spray is co-packaged with a manual spray pump for installation by the pharmacist prior to dispensing to patients.

12 CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY

12.1 Mechanism of Action

Corticosteroids play a role in cellular signaling, immune function, inflammation, and protein regulation; however, the precise mechanism of action of Betagram Spray in psoriasis is unknown.

12.2 Pharmacodynamics

Vasoconstrictor studies performed with Betagram (Betamethasone Valerate) Spray in healthy subjects indicate that it is in the mid-range of potency as compared with other topical corticosteroids; however, similar blanching scores do not necessarily imply therapeutic equivalence.

The potential for HPA axis suppression by Betagram (Betamethasone Valerate) Spray was evaluated in a study randomizing 52 adult subjects with moderate to severe plaque psoriasis. Betagram (Betamethasone Valerate) Spray was applied twice daily for 15 or 29 days, in subjects with psoriasis involving a mean of 29.0% and 26.5% body surface area at baseline across the 2 treatment duration arms, respectively. Forty-eight (48) subjects were evaluated for HPA axis suppression at the end of treatment. The proportion of subjects demonstrating HPA axis suppression was 20.8% (5 out of 24) in subjects treated with Betagram (Betamethasone Valerate) Spray for 15 days. No subjects (0 out of 24) treated with Betagram (Betamethasone Valerate) Spray for 29 days had HPA axis suppression. In this study HPA axis suppression was defined as serum cortisol level ≤18 mcg/dL 30-minutes post-cosyntropin stimulation. In the 4 subjects with available follow-up values, all subjects had normal ACTH stimulation tests at follow-up.

12.3 Pharmacokinetics

The extent of percutaneous absorption of topical corticosteroids is determined by many factors including the vehicle, the integrity of the epidermal barrier, and the use of occlusive dressings.

Topical corticosteroids are absorbed through normal intact skin. Inflammation and/or other disease processes in the skin may increase percutaneous absorption.

Plasma concentrations of Betagram (Betamethasone Valerate) dipropionate, betamethasone-17-propionate, and Betagram (Betamethasone Valerate) were measured at baseline, and before and after the last dose (1, 3, and 6 hours) in the HPA axis suppression trial in subjects with psoriasis [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.2)]. The majority of subjects had no measurable plasma concentration (<5.00 pg/mL) of Betagram (Betamethasone Valerate) dipropionate, while the metabolites, betamethasone-17-propionate and Betagram (Betamethasone Valerate), were detected in the majority of subjects (Table 2). There was high variability in the data but there was a trend toward higher systemic exposure at Day 15 and lower systemic exposure at Day 29.

Analyte (pg/mL) Betagram (Betamethasone Valerate) Spray b.i.d.

(15 days)

Betagram (Betamethasone Valerate) Spray b.i.d.

(29 days)

Betamethasone-17-propionate 120 ± 127 63.9 ± 52.6
Betagram (Betamethasone Valerate) 119 ± 176 57.6 ± 55.9

13 NONCLINICAL TOXICOLOGY

13.1 Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment of Fertility

Long-term animal studies have not been performed to evaluate the carcinogenic potential of Betagram (Betamethasone Valerate) dipropionate.

In a 90-day repeat-dose toxicity study in rats, topical administration of Betagram (Betamethasone Valerate) dipropionate spray formulation at dose concentrations of 0.05% and 0.1% (providing dose levels up to 0.5 mg/kg/day in males and 0.25 mg/kg/day in females) resulted in a toxicity profile consistent with long-term exposure to corticosteroids including reduced body weight gain, adrenal atrophy, and histological changes in bone marrow, thymus and spleen indicative of severe immune suppression. A no observable adverse effect level (NOAEL) could not be determined in this study. Although the clinical relevance of the findings in animals to humans is not clear, sustained glucocorticoid-related immune suppression may increase the risk of infection and possibly the risk of carcinogenesis.

Betagram (Betamethasone Valerate) was negative in the bacterial mutagenicity assay (Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli), and in the mammalian cell mutagenicity assay (CHO/HGPRT). It was positive in the in vitro human lymphocyte chromosome aberration assay, and equivocal in the in vivo mouse bone marrow micronucleus assay.

Studies in rabbits, mice, and rats using intramuscular doses up to 1, 33, and 2 mg/kg, respectively, resulted in dose-related increases in fetal resorptions in rabbits and mice.

14 CLINICAL STUDIES

Two multi-center, randomized, double-blind, vehicle-controlled clinical trials were conducted in subjects aged 18 years and older with moderate plaque psoriasis. In both trials, randomized subjects applied Betagram (Betamethasone Valerate) Spray or vehicle spray to the affected areas twice daily for 28 days. Enrolled subjects had body surface area of involvement between 10% to 20%, and an Investigator Global Assessment (IGA) score of 3 (moderate).

Efficacy was assessed as the proportion of subjects who were considered a treatment success (defined as having an IGA score of 0 or 1 [clear or almost clear] and at least a 2-grade reduction from baseline). Table 3 presents the efficacy results at Day 15 and Day 29.

a Treatment success is defined as an IGA of 0 or 1 (clear or almost clear) and at least a 2-grade reduction

from baseline.

Study 1 Study 2
Betagram (Betamethasone Valerate) Spray

b.i.d.

(N=182)

Vehicle Spray

b.i.d.

(N=95)

Betagram (Betamethasone Valerate) Spray

b.i.d.

(N=174)

Vehicle Spray

b.i.d.

(N=87)

Treatment Success

at Day 15

21.5% 7.4% 19.0% 2.3%
Treatment Success

at Day 29

42.7% 11.7% 34.5% 13.6%

16 HOW SUPPLIED/STORAGE AND HANDLING

16.1 How Supplied/Storage

Betagram Spray is a slightly thickened, white to off-white, non-sterile emulsion supplied in high density polyethylene bottles with a heat induction seal lined polypropylene cap. The drug is supplied in the following volumes:

  • 60 mL (NDC 67857-808-17)
  • 120 mL (NDC 67857-808-04)

Store at controlled room temperature of 20°C to 25°C (68°F to 77°F), excursions permitted to 15°C to 30°C (59°F to 86°F) .

Each unit is co-packaged with a manual spray pump for installation by the pharmacist prior to dispensing.

16.2 Handling/Instructions for the Pharmacist

  • Remove the spray pump from the wrapper.
  • Remove and discard the cap from the bottle.
  • Keeping the bottle upright, insert the spray pump into the bottle and turn clockwise until it is closed tightly.
  • Dispense the bottle with the spray pump inserted.
  • Include the date dispensed in the space provided on the carton.

17 PATIENT COUNSELING INFORMATION

Advise the patient to read the FDA-approved patient labeling (Patient Information and Instructions for Use).

Inform patients of the following:

  • Discontinue therapy when control is achieved, unless directed otherwise by the physician.
  • Do not use for longer than 4 consecutive weeks.
  • Avoid contact with the eyes.
  • Avoid use of Betagram (Betamethasone Valerate) Spray on the face, scalp, underarms, groin or other intertriginous areas, unless directed by the physician.
  • Do not occlude the treatment area with bandage or other covering, unless directed by the physician.
  • Local reactions and skin atrophy are more likely to occur with occlusive use, prolonged use, or use of higher potency corticosteroids.

Manufactured by: DPT Laboratories, Ltd., San Antonio, TX 78215

Distributed by: Promius Pharma, LLC., Princeton, NJ 08540

Betagram (Betamethasone Valerate) is a trademark of Promius Pharma, LLC.

Issued: 02/2016

007465

140728

This Patient Information has been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration Issued: 02/2016
PATIENT INFORMATION

Betagram (Betamethasone Valerate) (ser-ne-vo)

(betamethasone dipropionate)

Spray, 0.05%

Important: Betagram (Betamethasone Valerate) Spray is for use on the skin only. Do not get Betagram (Betamethasone Valerate) Spray near or in your eyes, mouth, or vagina.

What is Betagram (Betamethasone Valerate) Spray?

  • Betagram (Betamethasone Valerate) Spray is a prescription corticosteroid medicine used to treat mild to moderate plaque psoriasis in people 18 years of age and older.

It is not known if Betagram (Betamethasone Valerate) Spray is safe and effective in children under 18 years of age. Betagram (Betamethasone Valerate) Spray is not recommended for use in patients under 18 years of age.


Before you use Betagram (Betamethasone Valerate) Spray, tell your doctor about all of your medical conditions, including if you:

  • are allergic to any of the ingredients in Betagram (Betamethasone Valerate) Spray. See the end of this leaflet for a list of the ingredients in Betagram (Betamethasone Valerate) Spray.
  • have thinning of the skin (atrophy) at the treatment site
  • are pregnant or plan to become pregnant. It is not known if Betagram (Betamethasone Valerate) Spray will harm your unborn baby.
  • are breastfeeding or plan to breastfeed. It is not known if Betagram (Betamethasone Valerate) Spray passes into breast milk.

Tell your doctor about all the medicines you take, including prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal supplements. Especially tell your doctor if you take other corticosteroid medicines by mouth or use other products on your skin that contain corticosteroids.


How should I use Betagram (Betamethasone Valerate) Spray?

See the “Instructions for Use” for detailed information about the right way to apply Betagram (Betamethasone Valerate) Spray.

  • Use Betagram (Betamethasone Valerate) Spray exactly as your doctor tells you to use it.
  • Your doctor should tell you how much Betagram (Betamethasone Valerate) Spray to use and where to apply it.
  • Apply Betagram (Betamethasone Valerate) Spray 2 times a day.
  • Use Betagram (Betamethasone Valerate) Spray for the shortest amount of time needed to treat your plaque psoriasis. Tell your doctor if your skin condition is not getting better after 4 weeks of using Betagram (Betamethasone Valerate) Spray. Do not use Betagram (Betamethasone Valerate) Spray for longer than 4 weeks.
  • Wash your hands after applying Betagram (Betamethasone Valerate) Spray.
  • Do not use Betagram (Betamethasone Valerate) Spray on your face, scalp, underarms (armpits), groin, or areas where your skin may touch or rub together.
  • Do not bandage, cover, or wrap the treated skin area, unless your doctor tells you to.

What are the possible side effects of Betagram (Betamethasone Valerate) Spray?

  • Betagram (Betamethasone Valerate) Spray can pass through your skin. Too much Betagram (Betamethasone Valerate) Spray passing through your skin can cause your adrenal glands to stop working. Your doctor may do blood tests to check for adrenal gland problems.

The most common side effects of Betagram (Betamethasone Valerate) Spray include itching, burning, stinging, pain, and thinning of skin (atrophy) at the treated site.

These are not all the possible side effects of Betagram (Betamethasone Valerate) Spray.

Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.


How should I store Betagram (Betamethasone Valerate) Spray?

  • Store Betagram (Betamethasone Valerate) Spray at room temperature between 68°F to 77°F (20°C to 25°C)
  • Throw away (discard) any unused Betagram (Betamethasone Valerate) Spray after 4 weeks.

Keep Betagram (Betamethasone Valerate) Spray and all medicines out of the reach of children.


General information about the safe and effective use of Betagram (Betamethasone Valerate) Spray.

Medicines are sometimes prescribed for purposes other than those listed in a Patient Information leaflet. Do not use Betagram (Betamethasone Valerate) Spray for a condition for which it was not prescribed. Do not give Betagram (Betamethasone Valerate) Spray to other people even if they have the same symptoms that you have. It may harm them. You can ask your pharmacist or doctor for information about Betagram (Betamethasone Valerate) Spray that is written for health professionals.


What are the ingredients in Betagram (Betamethasone Valerate) Spray?

Active ingredient: Betagram (Betamethasone Valerate) dipropionate

Inactive ingredients: butylated hydroxytoluene, cetostearyl alcohol, hydroxyethyl cellulose, methylparaben, mineral oil, oleyl alcohol, polyoxyl 20 cetostearyl ether, propylparaben, purified water, and sorbitan monostearate

Manufactured by: DPT Laboratories, Ltd., San Antonio, TX 78215

Distributed by: Promius Pharma, LLC., Princeton, NJ 08540

007465

140728


Instructions for Use

Betagram (Betamethasone Valerate) (ser-ne-vo)

(betamethasone dipropionate)

Spray, 0.05%

Important: Betagram (Betamethasone Valerate) Spray is for use on the skin only. Do not get Betagram (Betamethasone Valerate) Spray near or in your eyes, mouth, or vagina.

Read this “Instructions for Use” before you start using Betagram (Betamethasone Valerate) Spray and each time you get a refill. There may be new information. This information does not take the place of talking with your doctor about your medical condition or treatment.

Parts of the Betagram (Betamethasone Valerate) Spray bottle.

Figure A

How to apply Betagram (Betamethasone Valerate) Spray:

Step 1: Shake the Betagram (Betamethasone Valerate) Spray bottle well. Remove the cap from the pump top.

Step 2: Hold the bottle in an upright position while pointing the opening of the pump top in the direction of the affected area. To spray, push down on the pump top. Apply Betagram (Betamethasone Valerate) Spray to the affected area as instructed by your doctor. (See Figure B )

Figure B

Step 3: Spray only enough Betagram (Betamethasone Valerate) Spray to cover the affected area, for example, the elbow (See Figure C ). Rub in Betagram (Betamethasone Valerate) Spray gently.

Figure C

Repeat Steps 2 and 3 to apply Betagram (Betamethasone Valerate) Spray to other affected areas as instructed by your doctor.

Step 4: After applying Betagram (Betamethasone Valerate) Spray, place the cap back onto the pump top. (See Figure D )

Figure D

How should I store Betagram (Betamethasone Valerate) Spray?

  • Store Betagram (Betamethasone Valerate) Spray at room temperature between 68°F to 77°F (20°C to 25°C).
  • Throw away (discard) any unused Betagram (Betamethasone Valerate) Spray after 28 days.

Keep Betagram (Betamethasone Valerate) Spray and all medicines out of the reach of children.

This “Instructions for Use” has been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.

Manufactured by: DPT Laboratories, Ltd., San Antonio, TX 78215

Distributed by: Promius Pharma, LLC., Princeton, NJ 08540

Betagram (Betamethasone Valerate) is a trademark of Promius Pharma, LLC.

Issued: 02/2016

007528

140693

Gentamicin Sulfate:



F-27078915

NADA #141-177, Approved by FDA.

PRODUCT

INFORMATION

VETERINARY

For Otic Use in Dogs Only

CAUTION Federal law restricts this drug to use by or on the order of a licensed veterinarian.

Keep this and all drugs out of the reach of children.

DESCRIPTION Each gram of Betagram (Gentamicin Sulfate) Otic Suspension contains Betagram (Gentamicin Sulfate) sulfate, USP equivalent to 3 mg Betagram (Gentamicin Sulfate) base; mometasone furoate monohydrate equivalent to 1 mg mometasone; and 10 mg clotrimazole, USP in a mineral oilbased system containing a plasticized hydrocarbon gel.

PHARMACOLOGY

Betagram (Gentamicin Sulfate): Betagram (Gentamicin Sulfate) sulfate is an aminoglycoside antibiotic active against a wide variety of gram-negative and grampositive bacteria. In vitro tests have determined that Betagram (Gentamicin Sulfate) is bactericidal and acts by inhibiting normal protein synthesis in susceptible microorganisms. In clinical trials, Betagram (Gentamicin Sulfate) was shown to have a range of activity against the following organisms commonly isolated from infected canine ears:

Pseudomonas spp. (including P. aeruginosa), coagulasepositive staphylococci, Enterococcus faecalis, Proteus mirabilis and beta-hemolytic streptococci.

Mometasone: Mometasone furoate monohydrate is a synthetic adrenocorticoid characterized by a novel (2') furoate 17-ester having chlorine at the 9 and 21 positions, which have shown to possess high topical potency.

Systemic absorption of mometasone furoate ointment was found to be minimal (2%) over 1 week when applied topically to dogs with intact skin. In a 6-month dermal toxicity study using 0.1% mometasone ointment on healthy intact skin in dogs, systemic effects typical of corticosteroid therapy were noted.

The extent of percutaneous absorption of topical corticosteroids is determined by many factors including the integrity of the epidermal barrier. Topical corticosteroids can be absorbed from normal, intact skin. Inflammation can increase percutaneous absorption. Once absorbed through the skin, topical corticosteroids are handled through pharmacokinetic pathways similar to systemically administered corticosteroids.

Clotrimazole: Clotrimazole is a broad-spectrum antifungal agent that is used for the treatment of dermal infections caused by various species of dermatophytes and yeast. The primary action of clotrimazole is against dividing and growing organisms.

In vitro, clotrimazole exhibits fungistatic and fungicidal activity against isolates of Trichophyton rubrum, Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Epidermophyton floccosum, Microsporum canis, Candida spp., and Malassezia pachydermatis. Resistance to clotrimazole is very rare among the fungi that cause superficial mycoses. In an induced otitis externa study using dogs infected with Malassezia pachydermatis, 1% clotrimazole in the vehicle formulation was effective both microbiologically and clinically in terms of reduction of exudate, odor, and swelling.

In studies of the mechanism of action, the minimum fungicidal concentration of clotrimazole caused leakage of intracellular phosphorus compounds into the ambient medium with concomitant breakdown of cellular nucleic acids and accelerated potassium efflux. These events began rapidly and extensively after addition of the drug. Clotrimazole is very poorly absorbed following dermal application.

Gentamicin-Mometasone-Clotrimazole: By virtue of its three active ingredients, Betagram (Gentamicin Sulfate) Otic Suspension has antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antifungal activity. In clinical field trials, Betagram (Gentamicin Sulfate) Otic Suspension was effective in the treatment of otitis externa associated with bacteria and Malassezia pachydermatis. Betagram (Gentamicin Sulfate) Otic Suspension reduced discomfort, redness, swelling, exudate, and odor.

INDICATIONS Betagram (Gentamicin Sulfate) Otic Suspension is indicated for the treatment of otitis externa in dogs caused by susceptible strains of yeast (Malassezia pachydermatis) and bacteria (Pseudomonas spp. [including P. aeruginosa], coagulasepositive staphylococci, Enterococcus faecalis, Proteus mirabilis, and beta-hemolytic streptococci).

CONTRAINDICATIONS If hypersensitivity to any of the components occurs, treatment should be discontinued and appropriate therapy instituted. Concomitant use of drugs known to induce ototoxicity should be avoided. Do not use in dogs with known perforation of eardrums.

WARNINGS The use of these components has been associated with deafness or partial hearing loss in a small number of sensitive dogs (eg, geriatric). The hearing deficit is usually temporary. If hearing or vestibular dysfunction is noted during the course of treatment, discontinue use of Betagram (Gentamicin Sulfate) Otic Suspension immediately and flush the ear canal thoroughly with a nonototoxic solution.

Corticosteroids administered to dogs, rabbits, and rodents during pregnancy have resulted in cleft palate in offspring. Other congenital anomalies including deformed forelegs, phocomelia, and anasarca have been reported in offspring of dogs that received corticosteroids during pregnancy.

Field and experimental data have demonstrated that corticostroids administered orally or parenterally to animals may induce the first stage of parturition if used during the last trimester of pregnancy and may precipitate premature parturition followed by dystocia, fetal death, retained placenta, and metritis.

PRECAUTIONS Before instilling any medication into the ear, examine the external ear canal thoroughly to be certain the tympanic membrane is not ruptured in order to avoid the possibility of transmitting infection to the middle ear as well as damaging the cochlea or vestibular apparatus from prolonged contact.

Administration of recommended doses of Betagram (Gentamicin Sulfate) Otic Suspension beyond 7 days may result in delayed wound healing. If overgrowth of nonsusceptible bacteria or fungi occurs, treatment should be discontinued and appropriate therapy instituted.

Avoid ingestion. Adverse systemic reactions have been observed following the oral ingestion of some topical corticosteroid preparations. Patients should be closely observed for the usual signs of adrenocorticoid overdosage which include sodium retention, potassium loss, fluid retention, weight gain, polydipsia, and/or polyuria. Prolonged use or overdosage may produce adverse immunosuppressive effects.

Use of corticosteroids, depending on dose, duration, and specific steroid, may result in endogenous steroid production inhibition following drug withdrawal. In patients presently receiving or recently withdrawn from corticosteroid treatments, therapy with a rapidly acting corticosteroid should be considered in especially stressful situations.

TOXICOLOGY Field and safety studies with Betagram (Gentamicin Sulfate) Otic Suspension have shown a wide safety margin at the recommended dose level in dogs (see PRECAUTIONS/ADVERSE REACTIONS ).

ADVERSE REACTIONS

Betagram (Gentamicin Sulfate): While aminoglycosides are absorbed poorly from skin, intoxication may occur when aminoglycosides are applied topically for prolonged periods of time to large wounds, burns, or any denuded skin, particularly if there is renal insufficiency. All aminoglycosides have the potential to produce reversible and irreversible vestibular, cochlear, and renal toxicity.

Mometasone: ALP (SAP) and ALT (SGPT) enzyme elevations, weight loss, anorexia, polydipsia, polyuria, neutrophilia, and lymphopenia have occurred following the use of parenteral, high-dose, and/or prolonged or systemic synthetic corticosteroids in dogs. Cushing's syndrome in dogs has been reported in association with prolonged or repeated steroid therapy.

Clotrimazole: The following have been reported occasionally in humans in connection with the use of clotrimazole: erythema, stinging, blistering, peeling, edema, pruritus, urticaria, and general irritation of the skin not present before therapy.

Betagram (Gentamicin Sulfate) Otic Suspension: In field studies following once daily teatment with Betagram (Gentamicin Sulfate) Otic Suspension, ataxia, proprioceptive deficits, and increased water consumption were observed in less than 1% of 164 dogs. In a field study following twice-daily treatment with Betagram (Gentamicin Sulfate) Otic Suspension, inflammation of the pinna and diarrhea were observed in less than 1% of 141 dogs.

DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION

The external ear canal should be thoroughly cleaned and dried before treatment. Verify that the eardrum is intact. For dogs weighing less than 30 lbs, instill 4 drops from the 7.5 g, 15 g, and 30 g bottles (2 drops from the 215 g bottle) of Betagram (Gentamicin Sulfate) Otic Suspension once daily into the ear canal. For dogs weighing 30 lbs or more, instill 8 drops from the 7.5 g, 15 g, and 30 g bottles (4 drops from the 215 g bottle) once daily into the ear canal. Therapy should continue for 7 consecutive days.

HOW SUPPLIED Betagram (Gentamicin Sulfate) Otic Suspension is available in 7.5 g (NDC 14043-120-75), 15 g (NDC 14043-120-15), 30 g (NDC 14043-120-30), and 215 g (NDC 14043-120-21) plastic bottles.

Store between 2° and 25°C (36° and 77°F). Shake well before use.

U.S. Patent No. 6,127,353.

Distributed by

PATTERSON VETERINARY

137 Barnum Road, Devens, MA 01434

www.pattersonvet.com

Made in Canada.

9/15

85239791

Betagram pharmaceutical active ingredients containing related brand and generic drugs:

Active ingredient is the part of the drug or medicine which is biologically active. This portion of the drug is responsible for the main action of the drug which is intended to cure or reduce the symptom or disease. The other portions of the drug which are inactive are called excipients; there role is to act as vehicle or binder. In contrast to active ingredient, the inactive ingredient's role is not significant in the cure or treatment of the disease. There can be one or more active ingredients in a drug.


Betagram available forms, composition, doses:

Form of the medicine is the form in which the medicine is marketed in the market, for example, a medicine X can be in the form of capsule or the form of chewable tablet or the form of tablet. Sometimes same medicine can be available as injection form. Each medicine cannot be in all forms but can be marketed in 1, 2, or 3 forms which the pharmaceutical company decided based on various background research results.
Composition is the list of ingredients which combinedly form a medicine. Both active ingredients and inactive ingredients form the composition. The active ingredient gives the desired therapeutic effect whereas the inactive ingredient helps in making the medicine stable.
Doses are various strengths of the medicine like 10mg, 20mg, 30mg and so on. Each medicine comes in various doses which is decided by the manufacturer, that is, pharmaceutical company. The dose is decided on the severity of the symptom or disease.


Betagram destination | category:

Destination is defined as the organism to which the drug or medicine is targeted. For most of the drugs what we discuss, human is the drug destination.
Drug category can be defined as major classification of the drug. For example, an antihistaminic or an antipyretic or anti anginal or pain killer, anti-inflammatory or so.


Betagram Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical codes:

A medicine is classified depending on the organ or system it acts [Anatomical], based on what result it gives on what disease, symptom [Therapeutical], based on chemical composition [Chemical]. It is called as ATC code. The code is based on Active ingredients of the medicine. A medicine can have different codes as sometimes it acts on different organs for different indications. Same way, different brands with same active ingredients and same indications can have same ATC code.


Betagram pharmaceutical companies:

Pharmaceutical companies are drug manufacturing companies that help in complete development of the drug from the background research to formation, clinical trials, release of the drug into the market and marketing of the drug.
Researchers are the persons who are responsible for the scientific research and is responsible for all the background clinical trials that resulted in the development of the drug.


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References

  1. Dailymed."GENTAMICIN PIGLET (GENTAMICIN SULFATE) INJECTION [SPARHAWK LABORATORIES, INC.]". https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailym... (accessed August 28, 2018).
  2. Dailymed."LUXIQ (BETAMETHASONE VALERATE) AEROSOL, FOAM [PRESTIUM PHARMA, INC.]". https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailym... (accessed August 28, 2018).
  3. Dailymed."GENTAMICIN SULFATE: DailyMed provides trustworthy information about marketed drugs in the United States. DailyMed is the official provider of FDA label information (package inserts).". https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailym... (accessed August 28, 2018).

Frequently asked Questions

Can i drive or operate heavy machine after consuming Betagram?

Depending on the reaction of the Betagram after taken, if you are feeling dizziness, drowsiness or any weakness as a reaction on your body, Then consider Betagram not safe to drive or operate heavy machine after consumption. Meaning that, do not drive or operate heavy duty machines after taking the capsule if the capsule has a strange reaction on your body like dizziness, drowsiness. As prescribed by a pharmacist, it is dangerous to take alcohol while taking medicines as it exposed patients to drowsiness and health risk. Please take note of such effect most especially when taking Primosa capsule. It's advisable to consult your doctor on time for a proper recommendation and medical consultations.

Is Betagram addictive or habit forming?

Medicines are not designed with the mind of creating an addiction or abuse on the health of the users. Addictive Medicine is categorically called Controlled substances by the government. For instance, Schedule H or X in India and schedule II-V in the US are controlled substances.

Please consult the medicine instruction manual on how to use and ensure it is not a controlled substance.In conclusion, self medication is a killer to your health. Consult your doctor for a proper prescription, recommendation, and guidiance.

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Review

sdrugs.com conducted a study on Betagram, and the result of the survey is set out below. It is noteworthy that the product of the survey is based on the perception and impressions of the visitors of the website as well as the views of Betagram consumers. We, as a result of this, advice that you do not base your therapeutic or medical decisions on this result, but rather consult your certified medical experts for their recommendations.

Visitor reports

Visitor reported useful

No survey data has been collected yet

Visitor reported side effects

No survey data has been collected yet

Visitor reported price estimates

No survey data has been collected yet

Visitor reported frequency of use

No survey data has been collected yet

Three visitors reported doses

What is the dose of Betagram drug you are taking?
According to the survey conducted among sdrugs.com website users, the maximum number of people are using the following dose 201-500mg. Few medications come in only one or two doses. Few are specific for adult dose and child dose. The dose of the medicine given to the patient depends on the severity of the symptom/disease. There can be dose adjustments made by the doctor, based on the progression of the disease. Follow-up is important.
Visitors%
201-500mg2
66.7%
1-5mg1
33.3%

Visitor reported time for results

No survey data has been collected yet

Visitor reported administration

No survey data has been collected yet

Two visitors reported age

Visitors%
16-292
100.0%

Visitor reviews


There are no reviews yet. Be the first to write one!


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The information was verified by Dr. Rachana Salvi, MD Pharmacology

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