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DRUGS & SUPPLEMENTS
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Berlocid
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Berlocid uses
Pharmacological action
Berlocid Pharmaniaga is a synthetic antimicrobial drug with broad spectrum bactericidal action. Berlocid has a bacteriostatic action, which is associated with inhibition of recycling process of PABA and a violation dihydrofolic acid's synthesis in bacterial cells. Trimethoprim inhibits the enzyme that is involved in the metabolism of folic acid converting dihydrofolate to tetrahydrofolate. Thus it is blocked two successive stages of the biosynthesis of purines and therefore nucleic acids that are essential for growth and reproduction of bacteria. High concentrations created in the tissues of the lung, kidney, prostate, cerebrospinal fluid, bile, bones.
Berlocid is active against gram-positive bacteria: Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus spp. (including Streptococcus pneumoniae), Corynebacterium diphtheriae; gram-negative bacteria: Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Escherichia coli, Shigella spp., Salmonella spp., Proteus spp., Enterobacter spp., Klebsiella spp., Yersinia spp., Vibrio cholerae, Haemophilus influenzae; anaerobic asporogenous bacteria - Bacteroides spp. Berlocid is active also against Chlamydia spp.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Treponema spp., Mycoplasma spp., Mycobacterium tuberculosis and also viruses and fungi are resistant to Berlocid.
Pharmacokinetics
After oral administration Berlocid Pharmaniaga is rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Meal slows their absorption. Widely distributed in tissues and body fluids. The binding of trimethoprim to plasma proteins is 50%, Berlocid - 66%. T1/2 of trimethoprim is 8.6-17 hours, Berlocid - 9-11 hours. Trimethoprim is excreted in the urine in unchanged form (50%) and as metabolites. Berlocid also excreted in the urine, mainly unchanged.
Why is Berlocid Pharmaniaga prescribed?
Infectious-inflammatory diseases caused by sensitive to Berlocid microorganisms: respiratory tract infections ; urinary tract infections (including gonococcal urethritis), cystitis, pyelonephritis, prostatitis; gastrointestinal infections (including enteritis, typhoid, paratyphoid, dysentery, cholecystitis, cholangitis); infections of skin and soft tissue (including pyoderma, furunculosis, wound infection), septicemia, brucellosis.
Dosage and administration
Individual. Doses of Berlocid Pharmaniaga are given on the basis of Berlocid. For oral administration for adults and children older than 12 years the average dose is 0.4-2 g every 12 hours (2 times / day), course of treatment - 5-14 days. Orally for children aged 2-5 months - 100 mg 2 times / day; 1-2 years - 100 mg 2 times / day; 3-6 years - 200 mg 2 times / day; 6-12 years at 200-400 mg 2 times / day.
Parenterally administered only in the absence of the possibility of oral administration. IM for adults and children over 12 years - 800 mg every 12 hours; for children aged 6-12 years - 30 mg / kg / day, interval between each dose - 12 hours.
If necessary prescribed IV as drops at 0.8-1.6 g every 12 hours (2 times / day) within 5 days. For children aged 6-12 years are prescribed at 15 mg / kg every 12 hours. Average duration of Berlocid Pharmaniaga injection - 30-60 minutes but no more than 1.5 hours. The course of treatment is average 5 days, then if necessary go to oral administration. The maximum oral daily dose for adults is 3.6 g.
Berlocid Pharmaniaga side effects, adverse reactions
Digestive system: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, glossitis, pseudomembranous colitis, cholestatic hepatitis.
Allergic reactions: skin rash, angioedema, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, Lyell's syndrome.
Hemopoietic system: leukopenia, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, agranulocytosis, megaloblastic anemia.
Urinary system: crystalluria, hematuria, interstitial nephritis.
Local reactions: phlebitis.
Other: purpura, impaired thyroid function.
Berlocid Pharmaniaga contraindications
Expressed disorders of liver and kidney function, blood diseases, deficiency of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, pregnancy, lactation (breastfeeding), hypersensitivity to sulfonamides and trimethoprim.
Using during pregnancy and breastfeeding
Sulfonamides and trimethoprim cross the placenta and excreted in breast milk. They can cause the development of kernicterus and hemolytic anemia in the fetus and newborn. In addition increases the risk of fatty liver in pregnant women. Therefore the use of Berlocid in pregnancy is contraindicated. If necessary using of Berlocid during lactation breastfeeding should be discontinued.
Special instructions
With careful use of Berlocid in patients with a possible deficiency of folic acid, in allergic reactions in anamnesis, bronchial asthma, disorders of liver, kidney, thyroid gland. When long treatment should be systematically study the peripheral blood, the functional state of liver and kidney.
Elderly patients are recommended the appointment of additional folic acid. During Berlocid treatment should be ensured adequate water pressure.
If the kidney function disorders the dose should be reduced and the intervals between doses increased.
The risk of adverse reactions is increased in elderly patients and patients with AIDS.
When parenteral administration of Berlocid Pharmaniaga in patients with renal insufficiency should determine the concentration of Berlocid in blood plasma every 2-3 days before the regular IM injection. In concentration of 150 ug / ml the treatment should be discontinued until the concentration drops to 120 mcg / ml.
Berlocid Pharmaniaga drug interactions
With the simultaneous application of Berlocid effect of anticoagulants of indirect action is greatly enhanced due to slow inactivation of the latter, as well as their release from binding with plasma proteins.
In an application with some sulfonylureas may increase hypoglycemic effect which is associated with an increased concentration of free fraction of Berlocid.
The simultaneous use of Berlocid and methotrexate may increase the toxicity of the latter (in particular to the appearance of pancytopenia) due to its release from binding to plasma proteins.
Influenced butadion, indomethacin, naproxen, salicylates and other NSAIDs may increase the action Berlocid with the development of undesirable effects, since there release of active substances from binding with blood proteins and increase their concentration.
Simultaneous treatment with diuretics and Berlocid increases the risk of thrombocytopenia caused by the latter especially in elderly patients.
In the case of co-administration chloridine with Berlocid Pharmaniaga antimicrobial effect is enhanced because chloridine inhibits the formation of tetrahydrofolic acid required for the synthesis of nucleic acids and proteins. In turn sulfonamides inhibit the formation of dihydrofolic acid, a precursor of tetrahydrofolic acid. This combination is widely used in the treatment of toxoplasmosis.
Absorption of Berlocid at their joint reception with cholestyramine decreases the formation of insoluble complexes, which leads to a decrease in their concentration in the blood.
Berlocid Pharmaniaga in case of emergency / overdose
Symptoms: anorexia, nausea, vomiting, weakness, abdominal pain, headache, drowsiness, hematuria and crystalluria.
Treatment: gastric lavage, fluid management, correction of electrolyte imbalance. If necessary - hemodialysis.
For chronic overdosage is characterized bone marrow suppression (pancytopenia). Treatment and prevention: the appointment of folic acid (5-15 mg daily).
Berlocid pharmaceutical active ingredients containing related brand and generic drugs:
Berlocid available forms, composition, doses:
Berlocid destination | category:
Berlocid Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical codes:
Berlocid pharmaceutical companies:
References
- Dailymed."TRIMETHOPRIM TABLET [TEVA PHARMACEUTICALS USA, INC.]". https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailym... (accessed August 28, 2018).
- Dailymed."SULFAMETHOXAZOLE: DailyMed provides trustworthy information about marketed drugs in the United States. DailyMed is the official provider of FDA label information (package inserts).". https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailym... (accessed August 28, 2018).
- Dailymed."POLYMYXIN B SULFATE; TRIMETHOPRIM SULFATE: DailyMed provides trustworthy information about marketed drugs in the United States. DailyMed is the official provider of FDA label information (package inserts).". https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailym... (accessed August 28, 2018).
Frequently asked Questions
Can i drive or operate heavy machine after consuming Berlocid?Depending on the reaction of the Berlocid after taken, if you are feeling dizziness, drowsiness or any weakness as a reaction on your body, Then consider Berlocid not safe to drive or operate heavy machine after consumption. Meaning that, do not drive or operate heavy duty machines after taking the capsule if the capsule has a strange reaction on your body like dizziness, drowsiness. As prescribed by a pharmacist, it is dangerous to take alcohol while taking medicines as it exposed patients to drowsiness and health risk. Please take note of such effect most especially when taking Primosa capsule. It's advisable to consult your doctor on time for a proper recommendation and medical consultations.
Is Berlocid addictive or habit forming?Medicines are not designed with the mind of creating an addiction or abuse on the health of the users. Addictive Medicine is categorically called Controlled substances by the government. For instance, Schedule H or X in India and schedule II-V in the US are controlled substances.
Please consult the medicine instruction manual on how to use and ensure it is not a controlled substance.In conclusion, self medication is a killer to your health. Consult your doctor for a proper prescription, recommendation, and guidiance.
Review
sdrugs.com conducted a study on Berlocid, and the result of the survey is set out below. It is noteworthy that the product of the survey is based on the perception and impressions of the visitors of the website as well as the views of Berlocid consumers. We, as a result of this, advice that you do not base your therapeutic or medical decisions on this result, but rather consult your certified medical experts for their recommendations.Visitor reports
Visitor reported useful
No survey data has been collected yetVisitor reported side effects
No survey data has been collected yetVisitor reported price estimates
No survey data has been collected yetOne visitor reported frequency of use
How often in a day do you take the medicine?Are you taking the Berlocid drug as prescribed by the doctor?
Few medications can be taken Twice in a day more than prescribed when the doctor's advice mentions the medicine can be taken according to frequency or severity of symptoms. Most times, be very careful and clear about the number of times you are taking the medication. The report of sdrugs.com website users about the frequency of taking the drug Berlocid is mentioned below.
| Visitors | % | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Twice in a day | 1 | 100.0% | |
One visitor reported doses
What is the dose of Berlocid drug you are taking?According to the survey conducted among sdrugs.com website users, the maximum number of people are using the following dose 501mg-1g. Few medications come in only one or two doses. Few are specific for adult dose and child dose. The dose of the medicine given to the patient depends on the severity of the symptom/disease. There can be dose adjustments made by the doctor, based on the progression of the disease. Follow-up is important.
| Visitors | % | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 501mg-1g | 1 | 100.0% | |
One visitor reported time for results
What is the time duration Berlocid drug must be taken for it to be effective or for it to reduce the symptoms?Most chronic conditions need at least some time so the dose and the drug action gets adjusted to the body to get the desired effect. The stastistics say sdrugs.com website users needed 1 week to notice the result from using Berlocid drug. The time needed to show improvement in health condition after using the medicine Berlocid need not be same for all the users. It varies based on other factors.
| Visitors | % | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 week | 1 | 100.0% | |
One visitor reported administration
The drugs are administered in various routes, like oral or injection form. They are administered before food or after food. How are you taking Berlocid drug, before food or after food?Click here to find out how other users of our website are taking it. For any doubts or queries on how and when the medicine is administered, contact your health care provider immediately.
| Visitors | % | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Before food | 1 | 100.0% | |
Four visitors reported age
| Visitors | % | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 16-29 | 2 | 50.0% | |
| 30-45 | 2 | 50.0% | |
Visitor reviews
There are no reviews yet. Be the first to write one! |
The information was verified by Dr. Rachana Salvi, MD Pharmacology