Benet

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Benet uses


1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE

Benet tablets are a bisphosphonate indicated for:


Limitations of Use

Optimal duration of use has not been determined. For patients at low-risk for fracture, consider drug discontinuation after 3 to 5 years of use. (1.5)

1.1 Postmenopausal Osteoporosis

Benet tablets are indicated for the treatment and prevention of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. In postmenopausal women with osteoporosis, risedronate reduces the incidence of vertebral fractures and a composite endpoint of nonvertebral osteoporosis-related fractures [see Clinical Studies (14.1, 14.2) ].

1.2 Osteoporosis in Men

Benet tablets are indicated for treatment to increase bone mass in men with osteoporosis.

1.3 Glucocorticoid-Induced Osteoporosis

Benet tablets are indicated for the treatment and prevention of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis in men and women who are either initiating or continuing systemic glucocorticoid treatment for chronic diseases. Patients treated with glucocorticoids should receive adequate amounts of calcium and vitamin D.

1.4 Paget’s Disease

Benet tablets are indicated for treatment of Paget’s disease of bone in men and women.

1.5 Important Limitations of Use

The optimal duration of use has not been determined. The safety and effectiveness of Benet tablets for the treatment of osteoporosis are based on clinical data of 3 years duration. All patients on bisphosphonate therapy should have the need for continued therapy re-evaluated on a periodic basis. Patients at low-risk for fracture should be considered for drug discontinuation after 3 to 5 years of use. Patients who discontinue therapy should have their risk for fracture re-evaluated periodically.

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2 DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION

Treatment of Postmenopausal Osteoporosis: 5 mg daily, 35 mg once-a-week, 150 mg once-a-month

Prevention of Postmenopausal Osteoporosis: 5 mg daily, 35 mg once-a-week (2.2)

Men with Osteoporosis: 35 mg once-a-week (2.3)

Glucocorticoid-Induced Osteoporosis: 5 mg daily (2.4)

Paget’s Disease: 30 mg daily for 2 months (2.5)

Instruct patients to:

2.1 Treatment of Postmenopausal Osteoporosis

[See Indications and Usage (1.1).]

The recommended regimen is:

2.2 Prevention of Postmenopausal Osteoporosis

[See Indications and Usage.]

The recommended regimen is:

2.3 Treatment to Increase Bone Mass in Men with Osteoporosis

[See Indications and Usage (1.2).]

The recommended regimen is:

2.4 Treatment and Prevention of Glucocorticoid-Induced Osteoporosis

[See Indications and Usage.]

The recommended regimen is:

2.5 Treatment of Paget’s Disease

[See Indications and Usage (1.4).]

The recommended treatment regimen is 30 mg orally once daily for 2 months. Retreatment may be considered (following post-treatment observation of at least 2 months) if relapse occurs, or if treatment fails to normalize serum alkaline phosphatase. For retreatment, the dose and duration of therapy are the same as for initial treatment. No data are available on more than one course of retreatment.

2.6 Important Administration Instructions

Instruct patients to do the following:

2.7 Recommendations for Calcium and Vitamin D Supplementation

Instruct patients to take supplemental calcium and vitamin D if their dietary intake is inadequate; and to take calcium supplements, antacids, magnesium-based supplements or laxatives, and iron preparations at a different time of the day as they interfere with the absorption of Benet tablets.

2.8 Administration Instructions for Missed Doses

Instruct patients about missing Benet tablet doses as follows:

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3 DOSAGE FORMS AND STRENGTHS


Tablets: 5 mg, 30 mg, 35 mg and 150 mg (3)

4 CONTRAINDICATIONS

Benet tablets are contraindicated in patients with the following conditions:

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5 WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS

5.1 Drug Products with the Same Active Ingredient

Benet tablets contain the same active ingredient found in Atelvia®. A patient being treated with Atelvia® should not receive Benet tablets.

5.2 Upper Gastrointestinal Adverse Reactions

Risedronate, like other bisphosphonates administered orally, may cause local irritation of the upper gastrointestinal mucosa. Because of these possible irritant effects and a potential for worsening of the underlying disease, caution should be used when risedronate is given to patients with active upper gastrointestinal problems [see Contraindications (4), Adverse Reactions (6.1), Information for Patients (17.1) ].

Esophageal adverse experiences, such as esophagitis, esophageal ulcers and esophageal erosions, occasionally with bleeding and rarely followed by esophageal stricture or perforation, have been reported in patients receiving treatment with oral bisphosphonates. In some cases, these have been severe and required hospitalization. Physicians should therefore be alert to any signs or symptoms signaling a possible esophageal reaction and patients should be instructed to discontinue risedronate and seek medical attention if they develop dysphagia, odynophagia, retrosternal pain or new or worsening heartburn.

The risk of severe esophageal adverse experiences appears to be greater in patients who lie down after taking oral bisphosphonates and/or who fail to swallow it with the recommended full glass (6 to 8 ounces) of water, and/or who continue to take oral bisphosphonates after developing symptoms suggestive of esophageal irritation. Therefore, it is very important that the full dosing instructions are provided to, and understood by, the patient [see Dosage and Administration (2) ]. In patients who cannot comply with dosing instructions due to mental disability, therapy with risedronate should be used under appropriate supervision.

There have been postmarketing reports of gastric and duodenal ulcers with oral bisphosphonate use, some severe and with complications, although no increased risk was observed in controlled clinical trials.

5.3 Mineral Metabolism

Hypocalcemia has been reported in patients taking risedronate. Treat hypocalcemia and other disturbances of bone and mineral metabolism before starting risedronate therapy. Instruct patients to take supplemental calcium and vitamin D if their dietary intake is inadequate.

Adequate intake of calcium and vitamin D is important in all patients, especially in patients with Paget’s disease in whom bone turnover is significantly elevated [see Contraindications (4), Adverse Reactions (6.1), Information for Patients (17.1) ].

5.4 Jaw Osteonecrosis

Osteonecrosis of the jaw, which can occur spontaneously, is generally associated with tooth extraction and/or local infection with delayed healing, and has been reported in patients taking bisphosphonates, including risedronate. Known risk factors for osteonecrosis of the jaw include invasive dental procedures (for example, tooth extraction, dental implants, boney surgery), diagnosis of cancer, concomitant therapies (for example, chemotherapy, corticosteroids, angiogenesis inhibitors), poor oral hygiene, and co-morbid disorders (for example, periodontal and/or other pre-existing dental disease, anemia, coagulopathy, infection, ill-fitting dentures). The risk of ONJ may increase with duration of exposure to bisphosphonates.

For patients requiring invasive dental procedures, discontinuation of bisphosphonate treatment may reduce the risk for ONJ. Clinical judgment of the treating physician and/or oral surgeon should guide the management plan of each patient based on individual benefit/risk assessment.

Patients who develop osteonecrosis of the jaw while on bisphosphonate therapy should receive care by an oral surgeon. In these patients, extensive dental surgery to treat ONJ may exacerbate the condition. Discontinuation of bisphosphonate therapy should be considered based on individual benefit/risk assessment [see Adverse Reactions (6.2) ].

5.5 Musculoskeletal Pain

In postmarketing experience, there have been reports of severe and occasionally incapacitating bone, joint, and/or muscle pain in patients taking bisphosphonates [see Adverse Reactions (6.2) ]. The time to onset of symptoms varied from one day to several months after starting the drug. Most patients had relief of symptoms after stopping medication. A subset had recurrence of symptoms when rechallenged with the same drug or another bisphosphonate. Consider discontinuing use if severe symptoms develop.

5.6 Atypical Subtrochanteric and Diaphyseal Femoral Fractures

Atypical, low-energy, or low trauma fractures of the femoral shaft have been reported in bisphosphonate-treated patients. These fractures can occur anywhere in the femoral shaft from just below the lesser trochanter to above the supracondylar flare and are traverse or short oblique in orientation without evidence of comminution. Causality has not been established as these fractures also occur in osteoporotic patients who have not been treated with bisphosphonates.

Atypical femur fractures most commonly occur with minimal or no trauma to the affected area. They may be bilateral and many patients report prodromal pain in the affected area, usually presenting as dull, aching thigh pain, weeks to months before a complete fracture occurs. A number of reports note that patients were also receiving treatment with glucocorticoids at the time of fracture.

Any patient with a history of bisphosphonate exposure who presents with thigh or groin pain should be suspected of having an atypical fracture and should be evaluated to rule out an incomplete femur fracture. Patients presenting with an atypical fracture should also be assessed for symptoms and signs of fracture in the contralateral limb. Interruption of bisphosphonate therapy should be considered, pending a risk/benefit assessment, on an individual basis.

5.7 Renal Impairment

Risedronate is not recommended for use in patients with severe renal impairment (creatinine clearance less than 30 mL/min).

5.8 Glucocorticoid-Induced Osteoporosis

Before initiating risedronate treatment for the treatment and prevention of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis, the sex steroid hormonal status of both men and women should be ascertained and appropriate replacement considered.

5.9 Laboratory Test Interactions

Bisphosphonates are known to interfere with the use of bone-imaging agents. Specific studies with risedronate have not been performed.

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6 ADVERSE REACTIONS

Most common adverse reactions reported in greater than 10% of patients treated with risedronate and with a higher frequency than placebo are: back pain, arthralgia, abdominal pain, and dyspepsia

Hypersensitivity reactions (angioedema, generalized rash, bullous skin reactions, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, and toxic epidermal necrolysis), and eye inflammation (iritis, uveitis) have been reported rarely (6.2)

To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact Mylan Pharmaceuticals, Inc. at 1-877-446-3679 (1-877-4-INFO-RX) or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch.

6.1 Clinical Studies Experience

Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice.

Treatment of Postmenopausal Osteoporosis

Daily Dosing

The safety of Benet 5 mg once daily in the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis was assessed in four randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled multinational trials of 3232 women aged 38 to 85 years with postmenopausal osteoporosis. The duration of the trials was up to 3 years, with 1619 patients exposed to placebo and 1613 patients exposed to Benet 5 mg. Patients with pre-existing gastrointestinal disease and concomitant use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, proton pump inhibitors, and H2 antagonists were included in these clinical trials. All women received 1000 mg of elemental calcium plus vitamin D supplementation up to 500 international units per day if their 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 level was below normal at baseline.

The incidence of all-cause mortality was 2% in the placebo group and 1.7% in the Benet 5 mg daily group. The incidence of serious adverse events was 24.6% in the placebo group and 27.2% in the Benet 5 mg group. The percentage of patients who withdrew from the study due to adverse events was 15.6% in the placebo group and 14.8% in the Benet 5 mg group. The most common adverse reactions reported in greater than 10 percent of subjects were: back pain, arthralgia, abdominal pain and dyspepsia. Table 1 lists adverse events from the Phase 3 postmenopausal osteoporosis trials reported in greater than or equal to 5% of patients. Adverse events are shown without attribution of causality.


Body System


Placebo

N = 1,619

%


5 mg Benet

N = 1,613

%


Body as a Whole

Infection

Back Pain

Accidental Injury

Pain

Abdominal Pain

Flu Syndrome

Headache

Asthenia

Neck Pain

Chest Pain

Allergic Reaction



29.9

26.1

16.8

14

9.9

11.6

10.8

4.5

4.7

5.1

5.9



31.1

28

16.9

14.1

12.2

10.5

9.9

5.4

5.4

5

3.8


Cardiovascular System

Hypertension



9.8



10.5


Digestive System

Constipation

Diarrhea

Dyspepsia

Nausea



12.6

10

10.6

11.2



12.9

10.8

10.8

10.5


Metabolic & Nutritional Disorders

Peripheral Edema



8.8



7.7


Musculoskeletal System

Arthralgia

Arthritis

Traumatic Bone Fracture

Joint Disorder

Myalgia

Bone Pain



22.1

10.1

12.3

5.3

6.2

4.8



23.7

9.6

9.3

7

6.7

5.3


Nervous System

Dizziness

Depression

Insomnia



5.7

6.1

4.6



7.1

6.8

5


Respiratory System

Bronchitis

Sinusitis

Rhinitis

Pharyngitis

Increase Cough



10.4

9.1

5.1

5

6.3



10

8.7

6.2

6

5.9


Skin and Appendages

Rash



7.1



7.9


Special Senses

Cataract



5.7



6.5


Urogenital System

Urinary Tract Infection



10.4



11.1

Gastrointestinal Adverse Events

The incidence of adverse events in the placebo and Benet 5 mg daily groups were: abdominal pain, diarrhea (10% versus 10.8%), dyspepsia (10.6% versus 10.8%) and gastritis (2.3% versus 2.7%). Duodenitis and glossitis have been reported uncommonly in the Benet 5 mg daily group (0.1% to 1%). In patients with active upper gastrointestinal disease at baseline, the incidence of upper gastrointestinal adverse events was similar between the placebo and Benet 5 mg daily groups.

Musculoskeletal Adverse Events

The incidence of adverse events in the placebo and Benet 5 mg daily groups were: back pain (26.1% versus 28%), arthralgia (22.1% versus 23.7%), myalgia (6.2% versus 6.7%) and bone pain (4.8% versus 5.3%).

Laboratory Test Findings

Throughout the Phase 3 studies, transient decreases from baseline in serum calcium and serum phosphate (less than 3%) and compensatory increases in serum PTH levels (less than 30%) were observed within 6 months in patients in osteoporosis clinical trials treated with Benet 5 mg once daily. There were no significant differences in serum calcium, phosphate, or PTH levels between placebo and Benet 5 mg once daily at 3 years. Serum calcium levels below 8 mg/dL were observed in 18 patients, nine (0.5%) in each treatment arm (placebo and Benet 5 mg once daily). Serum phosphorus levels below 2 mg/dL were observed in 14 patients, three (0.2%) treated with placebo and 11 (0.6%) treated with Benet 5 mg once daily. There have been rare reports (less than 0.1%) of abnormal liver function tests.

Endoscopic Findings

In the risedronate clinical trials, endoscopic evaluation was encouraged in any patient with moderate-to-severe gastrointestinal complaints, while maintaining the blind. Endoscopies were performed on equal numbers of patients between the placebo and treated groups [75 (14.5%) placebo; 75 (11.9%) risedronate]. Clinically important findings (perforations, ulcers, or bleeding) among this symptomatic population were similar between groups (51% placebo; 39% risedronate).

Once-a-Week Dosing

The safety of Benet 35 mg once-a-week in the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis was assessed in a one-year, double-blind, multicenter study comparing Benet 5 mg daily and Benet 35 mg once-a-week in postmenopausal women aged 50 to 95 years. The duration of the trials was one year, with 480 patients exposed to Benet 5 mg daily and 485 exposed to Benet 35 mg once-a-week. Patients with pre-existing gastrointestinal disease and concomitant use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, proton pump inhibitors, and H2 antagonists were included in these clinical trials. All women received 1000 mg of elemental calcium plus vitamin D supplementation up to 500 international units per day if their 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 level was below normal at baseline.

The incidence of all-cause mortality was 0.4% in the Benet 5 mg daily group and 1% in the Benet 35 mg once-a-week group. The incidence of serious adverse events was 7.1% in the Benet 5 mg daily group and 8.2% in the Benet 35 mg once-a-week group. The percentage of patients who withdrew from the study due to adverse events was 11.9% in the Benet 5 mg daily group and 11.5% in the Benet 35 mg once-a-week group. The overall safety and tolerability profiles of the two dosing regimens were similar.

Gastrointestinal Adverse Events

The incidence of gastrointestinal adverse events was similar between the Benet 5 mg daily group and the Benet 35 mg once-a-week group: dyspepsia, diarrhea (6.3% versus 4.9%) and abdominal pain (7.3% versus 7.6%).

Musculoskeletal Adverse Events

Arthralgia was reported in 11.5% of patients in the Benet 5 mg daily group and 14.2% of patients in the Benet 35 mg once-a-week group. Myalgia was reported by 4.6% of patients in the Benet 5 mg daily group and 6.2% of patients in the Benet 35 mg once-a-week group.

Laboratory Test Findings

The mean percent changes from baseline at 12 months were similar between the Benet 5 mg daily and Benet 35 mg once-a-week groups, respectively, for serum calcium, phosphate (-3.8% versus -2.6%) and PTH (6.4% versus 4.2%).

Once-a-Month

The safety of Benet 150 mg administered once-a-month for the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis was assessed in a double-blind, multicenter study in postmenopausal women aged 50 to 88 years. The duration of the trial was one year, with 642 patients exposed to Benet 5 mg daily and 650 exposed to Benet 150 mg once-a-month. Patients with pre-existing gastrointestinal disease and concomitant use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, proton pump inhibitors, and H2 antagonists were included in this clinical trial. All women received 1000 mg of elemental calcium plus up to 1000 international units of vitamin D supplementation per day.

The incidence of all-cause mortality was 0.5% for the Benet 5 mg daily group and 0% for the Benet 150 mg once-a-month group. The incidence of serious adverse events was 4.2% in the Benet 5 mg daily group and 6.2% in the Benet 150 mg once-a-month group. The percentage of patients who withdrew from treatment due to adverse events was 9.5% in the Benet 5 mg daily group and 8.6% in the Benet 150 mg once-a-month group. The overall safety and tolerability profiles of the two dosing regimens were similar.

Acute Phase Reactions

Symptoms consistent with acute phase reaction have been reported with bisphosphonate use. The overall incidence of acute phase reaction was 1.1% in the Benet 5 mg daily group and 5.2% in the Benet 150 mg once-a-month group. These incidence rates are based on reporting of any of 33 acute phase reaction-like symptoms within 3 days of the first dose and for a duration of 7 days or less. Fever or influenza-like illness with onset within the same period were reported by 0.2% of patients on Benet 5 mg daily and 1.4% of patients on Benet 150 mg once-a-month.

Gastrointestinal Adverse Events

A greater percentage of patients experienced diarrhea with Benet 150 mg once-a-month compared to 5 mg daily. The Benet 150 mg once-a-month group resulted in a higher incidence of discontinuation due to abdominal pain upper (2.5% versus 1.4%) and diarrhea (0.8% versus 0%) compared to the Benet 5 mg daily regimen. All of these events occurred within a few days of the first dose. The incidence of vomiting that led to discontinuation was the same in both groups (0.3% versus 0.3%).

Ocular Adverse Events

None of the patients treated with Benet 150 mg once-a-month reported ocular inflammation such as uveitis, scleritis, or iritis; two patients treated with Benet 5 mg daily reported iritis.

Laboratory Test Findings

When Benet 5 mg daily and Benet 150 mg once-a-month were compared in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis, the mean percent changes from baseline at 12 months were 0.1% and 0.3% for serum calcium, -2.3% and -2.3% for phosphate, and 8.3% and 4.8% for PTH, respectively. Compared to the Benet 5 mg daily regimen, Benet 150 mg once-a-month resulted in a slightly higher incidence of hypocalcemia at the end of the first month of treatment. Thereafter, the incidence of hypocalcemia with these regimens was similar at approximately 2%.

Prevention of Postmenopausal Osteoporosis

Daily Dosing

The safety of Benet 5 mg daily in the prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis was assessed in two randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials. In one study of postmenopausal women aged 37 to 82 years without osteoporosis, the use of estrogen replacement therapy in both placebo- and risedronate-treated patients was included. The duration of the trial was one year, with 259 exposed to placebo and 261 patients exposed to Benet 5 mg. The second study included postmenopausal women aged 44 to 63 years without osteoporosis. The duration of the trial was one year, with 125 exposed to placebo and 129 patients exposed to Benet 5 mg. All women received 1000 mg of elemental calcium per day.

In the trial with estrogen replacement therapy, the incidence of all-cause mortality was 1.5% for the placebo group and 0.4% for the Benet 5 mg group. The incidence of serious adverse events was 8.9% in the placebo group and 5.4% in the Benet 5 mg group. The percentage of patients who withdrew from treatment due to adverse events was 18.9% in the placebo group and 10.3% in the Benet 5 mg group. Constipation was reported by 1.9% of the placebo group and 6.5% of Benet 5 mg group.

In the second trial, the incidence of all-cause mortality was 0% for both groups. The incidence of serious adverse events was 17.6% in the placebo group and 9.3% in the Benet 5 mg group. The percentage of patients who withdrew from treatment due to adverse events was 6.4% in the placebo group and 5.4% in the Benet 5 mg group. Nausea was reported by 6.4% of patients in the placebo group and 13.2% of patients in the Benet 5 mg group.

Once-a-Week Dosing

There were no deaths in a one-year, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of Benet 35 mg once-a-week for prevention of bone loss in 278 postmenopausal women without osteoporosis. More treated subjects on risedronate reported arthralgia, myalgia (placebo 2.1%; risedronate 5.1%) and nausea (placebo 4.3%; risedronate 7.3%) than subjects on placebo.

Treatment to Increase Bone Mass in Men with Osteoporosis

In a 2-year, double-blind, multicenter study, 284 men with osteoporosis were treated with placebo (N = 93) or Benet 35 mg once-a-week (N = 191). The overall safety and tolerability profile of risedronate in men with osteoporosis was similar to the adverse events reported in the risedronate postmenopausal osteoporosis clinical trials, with the addition of benign prostatic hyperplasia (placebo 3%; Benet 35 mg 5%), nephrolithiasis (placebo 0%; Benet 35 mg 3%) and arrhythmia (placebo 0%; Benet 35 mg 2%).

Treatment and Prevention of Glucocorticoid-Induced Osteoporosis

The safety of Benet 5 mg daily in the treatment and prevention of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis was assessed in two randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled multinational trials of 344 patients [male and female (221)] aged 18 to 85 years who had recently initiated oral glucocorticoid therapy (less than or equal to 3 months, prevention study) or were on long-term oral glucocorticoid therapy (greater than or equal to 6 months, treatment study). The duration of the trials was one year, with 170 patients exposed to placebo and 174 patients exposed to Benet 5 mg daily. Patients in one study received 1000 mg elemental calcium plus 400 international units of vitamin D supplementation per day; patients in the other study received 500 mg calcium supplementation per day.

The incidence of all-cause mortality was 2.9% in the placebo group and 1.1% in the Benet 5 mg daily group. The incidence of serious adverse events was 33.5% in the placebo group and 30.5% in the Benet 5 mg daily group. The percentage of patients who withdrew from the study due to adverse events was 8.8% in the placebo group and 7.5% in the Benet 5 mg daily group. Back pain was reported in 8.8% of patients in the placebo group and 17.8% of patients in the Benet 5 mg daily group. Arthralgia was reported in 14.7% of patients in the placebo group and 24.7% of patients in the Benet 5 mg daily group.

Treatment of Paget’s Disease

Risedronate has been studied in 392 patients with Paget’s disease of bone. As in trials of risedronate for other indications, the adverse experiences reported in the Paget’s disease trials have generally been mild or moderate, have not required discontinuation of treatment and have not appeared to be related to patient age, gender, or race.

The safety of risedronate was assessed in a randomized, double-blind, active-controlled study of 122 patients aged 34 to 85 years. The duration of the trial was 540 days, with 61 patients exposed to risedronate and 61 patients exposed to Didronel®. The adverse event profile was similar for risedronate and Didronel®: 6.6% (4/61) of patients treated with Benet 30 mg daily for 2 months discontinued treatment due to adverse events, compared to 8.2% (5/61) of patients treated with Didronel® 400 mg daily for 6 months. Table 2 lists adverse events reported in greater than or equal to 5% of risedronate-treated patients in Phase 3 Paget's disease trials. Adverse events shown are considered to be possibly or probably causally related in at least one patient.


Body System


30 mg/day

x 2 months

Benet

%

(N = 61)


400 mg/day

x 6 months

DIDRONEL®

%

(N = 61)


Body as a Whole

Flu Syndrome

Chest Pain



9.8

6.6



1.6

3.3


Gastrointestinal

Diarrhea

Abdominal Pain

Nausea

Constipation



19.7

11.5

9.8

6.6



14.8

8.2

9.8

8.2


Metabolic and Nutritional Disorders

Peripheral Edema



8.2



6.6


Musculoskeletal

Arthralgia



32.8



29.5


Nervous

Headache

Dizziness



18

6.6



16.4

4.9


Skin and Appendages

Rash



11.5



8.2

Gastrointestinal Adverse Events

During the first year of the study, the proportion of patients who reported upper gastrointestinal adverse events was similar between the treatment groups; no patients reported severe upper gastrointestinal adverse events. The incidence of diarrhea was 19.7% in the risedronate group and 14.8% in the Didronel® group; none were serious or resulted in withdrawal.

Ocular Adverse Events

Three patients who received Benet 30 mg daily experienced acute iritis in one supportive study. All three patients recovered from their events; however, in one of these patients, the event recurred during risedronate treatment and again during treatment with pamidronate. All patients were effectively treated with topical steroids.

6.2 Postmarketing Experience

Because these adverse reactions are reported voluntarily from a population of uncertain size, it is not always possible to reliably estimate their frequency or establish a causal relationship to drug exposure.

Hypersensitivity Reactions

Hypersensitivity and skin reactions have been reported, including angioedema, generalized rash, bullous skin reactions, Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis.

Gastrointestinal Adverse Events

Events involving upper gastrointestinal irritation, such as esophagitis and esophageal or gastric ulcers, have been reported [see Warnings and Precautions ].

Musculoskeletal Pain

Bone, joint, or muscle pain, described as severe or incapacitating, have been reported rarely [see Warnings and Precautions (5.4) ].

Eye Inflammation

Reactions of eye inflammation including iritis and uveitis have been reported rarely.

Jaw Osteonecrosis

Osteonecrosis of the jaw has been reported rarely [see Warnings and Precautions ].

Pulmonary

Asthma exacerbations.

7 DRUG INTERACTIONS

No specific drug-drug interaction studies were performed. Risedronate is not metabolized and does not induce or inhibit hepatic microsomal drug-metabolizing enzymes.

Calcium, antacids, or oral medications containing divalent cations interfere with the absorption of risedronate (7.1)

7.1 Calcium Supplements/Antacids

Co-administration of risedronate and calcium, antacids, or oral medications containing divalent cations will interfere with the absorption of risedronate.

7.2 Hormone Replacement Therapy

One study of about 500 early postmenopausal women has been conducted to date in which treatment with Benet 5 mg daily plus estrogen replacement therapy was compared to estrogen replacement therapy alone. Exposure to study drugs was approximately 12 to 18 months and the primary endpoint was change in BMD. If considered appropriate, risedronate may be used concomitantly with hormone replacement therapy.

7.3 Aspirin/Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs

Of over 5700 patients enrolled in the risedronate Phase 3 osteoporosis studies, aspirin use was reported by 31% of patients, 24% of whom were regular users. Forty-eight percent of patients reported NSAID use, 21% of whom were regular users. Among regular aspirin or NSAID users, the incidence of upper gastrointestinal adverse experiences in placebo-treated patients (24.8%) was similar to that in risedronate-treated patients (24.5%).

7.4 H2 Blockers and Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs)

Of over 5700 patients enrolled in the risedronate Phase 3 osteoporosis studies, 21% used H2 blockers and/or PPIs. Among these patients, the incidence of upper gastrointestinal adverse experiences in the placebo-treated patients was similar to that in risedronate-treated patients.

8 USE IN SPECIFIC POPULATIONS

Risedronate is not recommended for use in patients with severe renal impairment (5.6, 8.6, 12.3)

Risedronate is not indicated for use in pediatric patients (8.4)

8.1 Pregnancy

Terotogenic Effects. Pregnancy Category C

There are no adequate and well-controlled studies of risedronate in pregnant women. Risedronate should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the mother and fetus.

Bisphosphonates are incorporated into the bone matrix, from which they are gradually released over periods of weeks to years. The amount of bisphosphonate incorporation into adult bone, and hence, the amount available for release back into the systemic circulation, is directly related to the dose and duration of bisphosphonate use. There are no data on fetal risk in humans. However, there is a theoretical risk of fetal harm, predominantly skeletal, if a woman becomes pregnant after completing a course of bisphosphonate therapy. The impact of variables such as time between cessation of bisphosphonate therapy to conception, the particular bisphosphonate used, and the route of administration on this risk has not been studied.

In animal studies, pregnant rats received Benet during organogenesis at doses 1 to 26 times the human dose of 30 mg/day. Survival of neonates was decreased in rats treated during gestation with oral doses approximately 5 times the human dose and body weight was decreased in neonates from dams treated with approximately 26 times the human dose. The number of fetuses exhibiting incomplete ossification of sternebrae or skull from dams treated with approximately 2.5 times the human dose was significantly increased compared to controls. Both incomplete ossification and unossified sternebrae were increased in rats treated with oral doses approximately 5 times the human dose. A low incidence of cleft palate was observed in fetuses from female rats treated with oral doses approximately equal to the human dose. The relevance of this finding to human use of risedronate is unclear.

No significant fetal ossification effects were seen in rabbits treated with oral doses approximately 7 times the human dose (the highest dose tested). However, 1 of 14 litters were aborted and 1 of 14 litters were delivered prematurely.

Similar to other bisphosphonates, treatment during mating and gestation with doses of Benet approximately the same as the 30 mg/day human dose resulted in periparturient hypocalcemia and mortality in pregnant rats allowed to deliver.

Dosing multiples provided above are based on the recommended human dose of 30 mg/day and normalized using body surface area (mg/m2). Actual animal doses were 3.2, 7.1 and 16 mg/kg/day in the rat and 10 mg/kg/day in the rabbit.

8.3 Nursing Mothers

Risedronate was detected in feeding pups exposed to lactating rats for a 24-hour period post-dosing, indicating a small degree of lacteal transfer. It is not known whether risedronate is excreted in human milk. Because many drugs are excreted in human milk and because of the potential for serious adverse reactions in nursing infants from risedronate, a decision should be made whether to discontinue nursing or to discontinue the drug, taking into account the importance of the drug to the mother.

8.4 Pediatric Use

Risedronate is not indicated for use in pediatric patients.

The safety and effectiveness of risedronate was assessed in a one-year, randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled study of 143 pediatric patients with osteogenesis imperfecta (OI). The enrolled population was predominantly patients with mild osteogenesis imperfecta (85% Type-I), aged 4 to less than 16 years, 50% male and 82% Caucasian, with a mean lumbar spine BMD Z-score of -2.08 (2.08 standard deviations below the mean for age-matched controls). Patients received either a 2.5 mg (less than or equal to 30 kg body weight) or 5 mg (greater than 30 kg body weight) daily oral dose. After one year, an increase in lumbar spine BMD in the risedronate group compared to the placebo group was observed. However, treatment with risedronate did not result in a reduction in the risk of fracture in pediatric patients with osteogenesis imperfecta. In risedronate-treated subjects, no mineralization defects were noted in paired bone biopsy specimens obtained at baseline and month 12.

The overall safety profile of risedronate in OI patients treated for up to 12 months was generally similar to that of adults with osteoporosis. However, there was an increased incidence of vomiting compared to placebo. In this study, vomiting was observed in 15% of children treated with risedronate and 6% of patients treated with placebo. Other adverse events reported in greater than or equal to 10% of patients treated with risedronate and with a higher frequency than placebo were: pain in the extremity (21% with risedronate versus 16% with placebo), headache (20% versus 8%), back pain (17% versus 10%), pain (15% versus 10%), upper abdominal pain (11% versus 8%), and bone pain (10% versus 4%).

8.5 Geriatric Use

Of the patients receiving risedronate in postmenopausal osteoporosis studies [see Clinical Studies (14) ], 47% were between 65 and 75 years of age, and 17% were over 75. The corresponding proportions were 26% and 11% in glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis trials, and 40% and 26% in Paget’s disease trials. No overall differences in efficacy between geriatric and younger patients were observed in these studies. In the male osteoporosis trial, 28% of patients receiving risedronate were between 65 and 75 years of age and 9% were over 75. The lumbar spine BMD response for risedronate compared to placebo was 5.6% for subjects less than 65 years and 2.9% for subjects greater than or equal to 65 years. No overall differences in safety between geriatric and younger patients were observed in the risedronate trials, but greater sensitivity of some older individuals cannot be ruled out.

8.6 Renal Impairment

Risedronate is not recommended for use in patients with severe renal impairment because of lack of clinical experience. No dosage adjustment is necessary in patients with a creatinine clearance greater than or equal to 30 mL/min.

8.7 Hepatic Impairment

No studies have been performed to assess risedronate’s safety or efficacy in patients with hepatic impairment. Risedronate is not metabolized in human liver preparations. Dosage adjustment is unlikely to be needed in patients with hepatic impairment.

10 OVERDOSAGE

Decreases in serum calcium and phosphorus following substantial overdose may be expected in some patients. Signs and symptoms of hypocalcemia may also occur in some of these patients. Milk or antacids containing calcium should be given to bind risedronate and reduce absorption of the drug.

In cases of substantial overdose, gastric lavage may be considered to remove unabsorbed drug. Standard procedures that are effective for treating hypocalcemia, including the administration of calcium intravenously, would be expected to restore physiologic amounts of ionized calcium and to relieve signs and symptoms of hypocalcemia.

Lethality after single oral doses was seen in female rats at 903 mg/kg and male rats at 1703 mg/kg. The minimum lethal dose in mice and rabbits was 4000 mg/kg and 1000 mg/kg, respectively. These values represent 320 to 620 times the 30 mg human dose based on surface area (mg/m2).

11 DESCRIPTION

Benet tablets, USP are a pyridinyl bisphosphonate that inhibits osteoclast-mediated bone resorption and modulates bone metabolism. Each Benet tablet for oral administration contains the equivalent of 5 mg, 30 mg, 35 mg or 150 mg of anhydrous Benet in the form of the hemi-pentahydrate. The molecular formula for Benet hemi-pentahydrate is C7H10NO7P2Na - 2.5 H2O. The chemical name of Benet is Sodium trihydrogen [1-hydroxy-2-ethylidene] diphosphonate. The chemical structure of Benet hemi-pentahydrate is the following:

Figure 1 Nonvertebral Osteoporosis-Related Fractures Cumulative Incidence Over 3 Years Combined VERT MN and VERT NA

Effect on Bone Mineral Density

The results of four randomized, placebo-controlled trials in women with postmenopausal osteoporosis (VERT MN, VERT NA, BMD MN, BMD NA) demonstrate that Benet 5 mg daily increases BMD at the spine, hip, and wrist compared to the effects seen with placebo. Table 4 displays the significant increases in BMD seen at the lumbar spine, femoral neck, femoral trochanter, and midshaft radius in these trials compared to placebo. In both VERT studies (VERT MN and VERT NA), Benet 5 mg daily produced increases in lumbar spine BMD that were progressive over the 3 years of treatment, and were statistically significant relative to baseline and to placebo at 6 months and at all later time points.

ND = analysis not done

VERT MN The duration of the studies was 3 years.


VERT NA


BMD MN The duration of the studies was 1.5 to 2 years.


BMD NA


Placebo


5 mg


Placebo


5 mg


Placebo


5 mg


Placebo


5 mg


N = 323


N = 323


N = 599


N = 606


N = 161


N = 148


N = 191


N = 193


Lumbar Spine


1


6.6


0.8


5


0


4


0.2


4.8


Femoral Neck


-1.4


1.6


-1


1.4


-1.1


1.3


0.1


2.4


Femoral Trochanter


-1.9


3.9


-0.5


3


-0.6


2.5


1.3


4


Midshaft Radius


-1.5BMD of the midshaft radius was measured in a subset of centers in VERT MN (placebo, N = 222; 5 mg, N = 214) and VERT NA (placebo, N = 310; 5 mg, N = 306).


0.2


-1.2


0.1


ND


ND


Benet 35 mg once-a-week (N = 485) was shown to be non-inferior to Benet 5 mg daily (N = 480) in a one-year, double-blind, multicenter study of postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. In the primary efficacy analysis of completers, the mean increases from baseline in lumbar spine BMD at one year were 4% (3.7, 4.3; 95% confidence interval [CI]) in the 5 mg daily group (N = 391) and 3.9% (3.6, 4.3; 95% CI) in the 35 mg once-a-week group (N = 387) and the mean difference between 5 mg daily and 35 mg once-a-week was 0.1% (-0.4, 0.6; 95% CI). The results of the intent-to-treat analysis with the last observation carried forward were consistent with the primary efficacy analysis of completers. The two treatment groups were also similar with regard to BMD increases at other skeletal sites.

In a double-blind, multicenter study of postmenopausal women with osteoporosis, treatment with Benet 75 mg two consecutive days per month (N = 616) was shown to be non-inferior to Benet 5 mg daily (N = 613). In the primary efficacy analysis of completers, the mean increases from baseline in lumbar spine BMD at one year were 3.6% (3.3, 3.9; 95% CI) in the 5 mg daily group (N = 527) and 3.4% (3.1, 3.7; 95% CI) in the 75 mg two days per month group (N = 524) with a mean difference between groups being 0.2% (-0.2, 0.6; 95% CI). The results of the intent-to-treat analysis with the last observation carried forward were consistent with the primary efficacy analysis of completers. The two treatment groups were also similar with regard to BMD increases at other skeletal sites.

Benet 150 mg once-a-month (N = 650) was shown to be non-inferior to Benet 5 mg daily (N = 642) in a one-year, double-blind, multicenter study of postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. The primary efficacy analysis was conducted in all randomized patients with baseline and post-baseline lumbar spine BMD values (modified intent-to-treat population) using last observation carried forward. The mean increases from baseline in lumbar spine BMD at one year were 3.4% (3, 3.8; 95% CI) in the 5 mg daily group (N = 561), and 3.5% (3.1, 3.9; 95% CI) in the 150 mg once-a-month group (N = 578) with a mean difference between groups being -0.1% (-0.5, 0.3; 95% CI). The results of the completers analysis were consistent with the primary efficacy analysis. The two treatment groups were also similar with regard to BMD increases at other skeletal sites.

Histology/Histomorphometry

Bone biopsies from 110 postmenopausal women were obtained at endpoint. Patients had received placebo or daily Benet for 2 to 3 years. Histologic evaluation (N = 103) showed no osteomalacia, impaired bone mineralization, or other adverse effects on bone in risedronate-treated women. These findings demonstrate that bone formed during risedronate administration is of normal quality. The histomorphometric parameter mineralizing surface, an index of bone turnover, was assessed based upon baseline and post-treatment biopsy samples from 21 treated with placebo and 23 patients treated with Benet 5 mg. Mineralizing surface decreased moderately in risedronate-treated patients (median percent change: placebo, -21%; Benet 5 mg, -74%), consistent with the known effects of treatment on bone turnover.

Effect on Height

In the two 3-year osteoporosis treatment studies, standing height was measured yearly by stadiometer. Both risedronate and placebo-treated groups lost height during the studies. Patients who received risedronate had a statistically significantly smaller loss of height than those who received placebo. In VERT MN, the median annual height change was -2.4 mm/yr in the placebo group compared to -1.3 mm/yr in the Benet 5 mg daily group. In VERT NA, the median annual height change was -1.1 mm/yr in the placebo group compared to -0.7 mm/yr in the Benet 5 mg daily group.

14.2 Prevention of Osteoporosis in Postmenopausal Women

The safety and effectiveness of Benet 5 mg daily for the prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis were demonstrated in a 2-year, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of 383 postmenopausal women within 3 years of menopause (risedronate sodium 5 mg, N = 129). All patients in this study received supplemental calcium 1000 mg/day. Increases in BMD were observed as early as 3 months following initiation of risedronate treatment. Benet 5 mg daily produced significant mean increases in BMD at the lumbar spine, femoral neck, and trochanter compared to placebo at the end of the study (Figure 2). Benet 5 mg daily was also effective in patients with lower baseline lumbar spine BMD (more than one SD below the premenopausal mean) and in those with normal baseline lumbar spine BMD. Bone mineral density at the distal radius decreased in both risedronate and placebo-treated women following one year of treatment.

The safety and effectiveness of Benet 35 mg once-a-week for the prevention postmenopausal osteoporosis were demonstrated in a one-year, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of 278 patients (risedronate sodium 35 mg, N = 136). All patients were supplemented with 1000 mg elemental calcium and 400 international units vitamin D per day. The primary efficacy measure was the percent change in lumbar spine BMD from baseline after one year of treatment using LOCF (last observation carried forward). Benet 35 mg once-a-week resulted in a statistically significant mean difference from placebo in lumbar spine BMD of + 2.9% (least square mean for placebo - 1.05%; risedronate + 1.83%). Benet 35 mg once-a-week also showed a statistically significant mean difference from placebo in BMD at the total proximal femur of + 1.5% (placebo - 0.53%; risedronate + 1.01%), femoral neck of + 1.2% (placebo - 1%; risedronate + 0.22%) and trochanter of + 1.8% (placebo - 0.74%; risedronate + 1.07%).

Combined Administration with Hormone Replacement Therapy

The effects of combining Benet 5 mg daily with conjugated estrogen 0.625 mg daily (N = 263) were compared to the effects of conjugated estrogen alone (N = 261) in a one-year, randomized, double-blind study of women ages 37 to 82 years, who were on average 14 years postmenopausal. The BMD results for this study are presented in Table 5.

Values shown are mean (± SEM) percent change from baseline.

Estrogen 0.625 mg

N = 261


Benet 5 mg + Estrogen 0.625 mg

N = 263


Lumbar Spine

Femoral Neck

Femoral Trochanter

Midshaft Radius

Distal Radius


4.6 ± 0.20

1.8 ± 0.25

3.2 ± 0.28

0.4 ± 0.14

1.7 ± 0.24


5.2 ± 0.23

2.7 ± 0.25

3.7 ± 0.25

0.7 ± 0.17

1.6 ± 0.28

Histology/Histomorphometry

Bone biopsies from 53 postmenopausal women were obtained at endpoint. Patients had received Benet 5 mg plus estrogen or estrogen-alone once daily for one year. Histologic evaluation demonstrated that the bone of patients treated with risedronate plus estrogen was of normal lamellar structure and normal mineralization. The histomorphometric parameter mineralizing surface, a measure of bone turnover, was assessed based upon baseline and post-treatment biopsy samples from 12 patients treated with risedronate plus estrogen and 12 treated with estrogen-alone. Mineralizing surface decreased in both treatment groups (median percent change: risedronate plus estrogen, -79%; estrogen-alone, -50%), consistent with the known effects of these agents on bone turnover.

Figure 2 Change in BMD from Baseline 2-Year Prevention Study

14.3 Men with Osteoporosis

The effects of Benet 35 mg once-a-week on BMD were examined in a 2-year, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multinational study in 285 men with osteoporosis (risedronate, N = 192). The patients had a mean age of 61 years (range 36 to 84 years) and 95% were Caucasian. At baseline, mean lumbar spine T-score was -3.2 and mean femoral neck T-score was -2.4. All patients in the study had either, 1) a BMD T-score less than or equal to -2 at the femoral neck and less than or equal to -1 at the lumbar spine, or 2) a BMD T-score less than or equal to -1 at the femoral neck and less than or equal to -2.5 at the lumbar spine. All patients were supplemented with calcium 1000 mg/day and vitamin D 400 to 500 international units/day. Benet 35 mg once-a-week produced significant mean increases in BMD at the lumbar spine, femoral neck, trochanter, and total hip compared to placebo after 2 years of treatment (treatment difference: lumbar spine, 4.5%; femoral neck, 1.1%; trochanter, 2.2%; total proximal femur, 1.5%).

14.4 Glucocorticoid-Induced Osteoporosis

Bone Mineral Density

Two one-year, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials in patients who were taking greater than or equal to 7.5 mg/day of prednisone or equivalent demonstrated that Benet 5 mg daily was effective in the prevention and treatment of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis in men and women who were either initiating or continuing glucocorticoid therapy. The efficacy of risedronate therapy for glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis beyond one year has not been studied.

The prevention study enrolled 228 patients (18 to 85 years of age), each of whom had initiated glucocorticoid therapy (mean daily dose of prednisone 21 mg) within the previous 3 months (mean duration of use prior to study 1.8 months) for rheumatic, skin, and pulmonary diseases. The mean lumbar spine BMD was normal at baseline (average T-score 0.7). All patients in this study received supplemental calcium 500 mg/day. By the third month of treatment, and continuing through the year-long treatment, the placebo group experienced losses in BMD at the lumbar spine, femoral neck, and trochanter, while BMD was maintained or increased in the Benet 5 mg group. At each skeletal site there were statistically significant differences between the placebo group and the Benet 5 mg group at all timepoints (Months 3, 6, 9, and 12). The treatment differences increased with continued treatment. Although BMD increased at the distal radius in the Benet 5 mg group compared to the placebo group, the difference was not statistically significant. The differences between placebo and Benet 5 mg after one year were 3.8% at the lumbar spine, 4.1% at the femoral neck, and 4.6% at the trochanter, as shown in Figure 3. The results at these skeletal sites were similar to the overall results when the subgroups of men and postmenopausal women, but not premenopausal women, were analyzed separately. Risedronate was effective at the lumbar spine, femoral neck, and trochanter regardless of age (less than 65 vs. greater than or equal to 65), gender, prior and concomitant glucocorticoid dose, or baseline BMD. Positive treatment effects were also observed in patients taking glucocorticoids for a broad range of rheumatologic disorders, the most common of which were rheumatoid arthritis, temporal arteritis, and polymyalgia rheumatica.

The treatment study of similar design enrolled 290 patients (risedronate sodium 5 mg, N = 100) (19 to 85 years of age) with continuing, long-term (greater than or equal to 6 months) use of glucocorticoids (mean duration of use prior to study 60 months; mean daily dose of prednisone 15 mg) for rheumatic, skin, and pulmonary diseases. The baseline mean lumbar spine BMD was low (1.63 SD below the young healthy population mean), with 28% of the patients more than 2.5 SD below the mean. All patients in this study received supplemental calcium 1000 mg/day and vitamin D 400 international units/day.

After one year of treatment, the BMD of the placebo group was within 1% of baseline levels at the lumbar spine, femoral neck, and trochanter. Benet 5 mg increased BMD at the lumbar spine (2.9%), femoral neck (1.8%), and trochanter (2.4%). The differences between risedronate and placebo were 2.7% at the lumbar spine, 1.9% at the femoral neck, and 1.6% at the trochanter as shown in Figure 4. The differences were statistically significant for the lumbar spine and femoral neck, but not at the femoral trochanter. Risedronate was similarly effective on lumbar spine BMD regardless of age (less than 65 vs. greater than or equal to 65), gender, or pre-study glucocorticoid dose. Positive treatment effects were also observed in patients taking glucocorticoids for a broad range of rheumatologic disorders, the most common of which were rheumatoid arthritis, temporal arteritis, and polymyalgia rheumatica.

Figure 3 Change in BMD from Baseline Patients Recently Initiating Glucocorticoid Therapy Figure 4 Change in BMD from Baseline Patients on Long-Term Glucocorticoid Therapy

Vertebral Fractures

In the prevention study of patients initiating glucocorticoids, the incidence of vertebral fractures at one year was reduced from 17% in the placebo group to 6% in the risedronate group. In the treatment study of patients continuing glucocorticoids, the incidence of vertebral fractures was reduced from 15% in the placebo group to 5% in the risedronate group (Figure 5). The statistically significant reduction in vertebral fracture incidence in the analysis of the combined studies corresponded to an absolute risk reduction of 11% and a relative risk reduction of 70%. All vertebral fractures were diagnosed radiographically; some of these fractures also were associated with symptoms (that is, clinical fractures).

Figure 5 Incidence of Vertebral Fractures in Patients Initiating or Continuing Glucocorticoid Therapy

Histology/Histomorphometry

Bone biopsies from 40 patients on glucocorticoid therapy were obtained at endpoint. Patients had received placebo or daily Benet for one year. Histologic evaluation (N = 33) showed that bone formed during treatment with risedronate was of normal lamellar structure and normal mineralization, with no bone or marrow abnormalities observed. The histomorphometric parameter mineralizing surface, a measure of bone turnover, was assessed based upon baseline and post-treatment biopsy samples from 10 patients treated with Benet 5 mg. Mineralizing surface decreased 24% (median percent change) in these patients. Only a small number of placebo-treated patients had both baseline and post-treatment biopsy samples, precluding a meaningful quantitative assessment.

14.5 Treatment of Paget’s Disease

The efficacy of risedronate was demonstrated in two clinical studies involving 120 men and 65 women. In a double-blind, active-controlled study of patients with moderate-to-severe Paget’s disease (serum alkaline phosphatase levels of at least 2 times the upper limit of normal), patients were treated with Benet 30 mg daily for 2 months or Didronel® (etidronate disodium) 400 mg daily for 6 months. At Day 180, 77% (43/56) of risedronate-treated patients achieved normalization of serum alkaline phosphatase levels, compared to 10.5% (6/57) of patients treated with Didronel® (p less than 0.001). At Day 540, 16 months after discontinuation of therapy, 53% (17/32) of risedronate-treated patients and 14% (4/29) of Didronel®-treated patients with available data remained in biochemical remission.

During the first 180 days of the active-controlled study, 85% (51/60) of risedronate-treated patients demonstrated a greater than or equal to 75% reduction from baseline in serum alkaline phosphatase excess (difference between measured level and midpoint of the normal range) with 2 months of treatment compared to 20% (12/60) in the Didronel®-treated group with 6 months of treatment (p less than 0.001). Changes in serum alkaline phosphatase excess over time (shown in Figure 6) were significant following only 30 days of treatment, with a 36% reduction in serum alkaline phosphatase excess at that time compared to only a 6% reduction seen with Didronel® treatment at the same time point (p less than 0.01).

Response to risedronate therapy was similar in patients with mild to very severe Paget’s disease. Table 6 shows the mean percent reduction from baseline at Day 180 in excess serum alkaline phosphatase in patients with mild, moderate, or severe disease.


Benet 30 mg


Didronel® 400 mg


Subgroup: Baseline Disease Severity (AP)


n


Baseline Serum AP (U/L) Values shown are mean ± SEM; ULN = upper limit of normal.


Mean % Reduction


n


Baseline Serum AP (U/L)


Mean % Reduction


greater than 2, less than 3x ULN

greater than or equal to 3, less than 7x ULN

greater than or equal to 7x ULN


32

14


271.6 ± 5.3


-88.1


22


277.9 ± 7.45


-44.6


475.3 ± 28.8


-87.5


25


480.5 ± 26.44


-35


8


1336.5 ± 134.19


-81.8


6


1331.5 ± 167.58


-47.2


Response to risedronate therapy was similar between patients who had previously received anti-pagetic therapy and those who had not. In the active-controlled study, four patients previously non-responsive to one or more courses of anti-pagetic therapy (calcitonin, Didronel®) responded to treatment with Benet 30 mg daily (defined by at least a 30% change from baseline). Each of these patients achieved at least 90% reduction from baseline in serum alkaline phosphatase excess, with three patients achieving normalization of serum alkaline phosphatase levels.

Histomorphometry of the bone was studied in 14 patients with bone biopsies: nine patients had biopsies from pagetic bone lesions and five patients from non-pagetic bone. Bone biopsy results in non-pagetic bone did not reveal osteomalacia, impairment of bone remodeling, or induction of a significant decline in bone turnover in patients treated with risedronate.

Figure 6 Mean Percent Change from Baseline in Serum Alkaline Phosphatase Excess by Visit

16 HOW SUPPLIED/STORAGE AND HANDLING

Benet Tablets, USP are available containing 5 mg, 30 mg, 35 mg or 150 mg Benet, USP.

The 5 mg tablets are light beige, film-coated, round, unscored tablets debossed with M on one side of the tablet and 44 on the other side. They are available as follows:

NDC 0378-4044-93

bottles of 30 tablets

NDC 0378-4044-05

bottles of 500 tablets

The 30 mg tablets are white, film-coated, round, unscored tablets debossed with M on one side of the tablet and 114 on the other side. They are available as follows:

NDC 0378-4114-93

bottles of 30 tablets

NDC 0378-4114-05

bottles of 500 tablets

The 35 mg tablets are light orange, film-coated, round, unscored tablets debossed with M on one side of the tablet and 714 on the other side. They are available as follows:

NDC 0378-4714-99

unit of use blister card containing 4 tablets

NDC 0378-4714-92

carton of 10 cards each containing 4 tablets

NDC 0378-4714-96

unit of use blister card containing 12 tablets

NDC 0378-4714-78

carton of 10 cards each containing 12 tablets

The 150 mg tablets are light blue, film-coated, round, unscored tablets debossed with M over RE on one side of the tablet and 150 on the other side. They are available as follows:

NDC 0378-4150-32

unit of use blister card containing 1 tablet

NDC 0378-4150-97

carton of 10 cards each containing 1 tablet

NDC 0378-4150-53

unit of use blister card containing 3 tablets

NDC 0378-4150-93

carton of 10 cards each containing 3 tablets

Store at 20° to 25°C (68° to 77°F).

Dispense in a tight, light-resistant container as defined in the USP using a child-resistant closure.

PHARMACIST: Dispense a Medication Guide with each prescription.

17 PATIENT COUNSELING INFORMATION

Instruct patients to read the Medication Guide before starting therapy with Benet tablets and to re-read it each time the prescription is renewed.

Instruct patients that Atelvia® and Benet tablets contain the same active ingredient and if they are taking Atelvia®, they should not take Benet tablets [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1) ].

Instruct patients to pay particular attention to the dosing instructions as clinical benefits may be compromised by failure to take the drug according to instructions. Specifically, Benet tablets should be taken at least 30 minutes before the first food or drink of the day other than water.

Instruct patients to take Benet tablets while in an upright position (sitting or standing) with a full glass of plain water (6 to 8 ounces) to facilitate delivery to the stomach, and thus reduce the potential for esophageal irritation.

Instruct patients not to lie down for 30 minutes after taking the medication [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1) ].

Instruct patients not to chew or suck on the tablet because of a potential for oropharyngeal irritation.

Instruct patients that if they develop symptoms of esophageal disease (such as difficulty or pain upon swallowing, retrosternal pain or severe persistent or worsening heartburn) they should consult their physician before continuing Benet tablets.

Instruct patients about missing Benet tablet doses as follows:


Instruct patients to take supplemental calcium and vitamin D if dietary intake is inadequate [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3) ]. Weight-bearing exercise should be considered along with the modification of certain behavioral factors, such as excessive cigarette smoking, and/or alcohol consumption, if these factors exist.

Instruct patients to take calcium supplements or calcium-, aluminum-, and magnesium-containing medications at a different time of the day than Benet tablets as these medications may interfere with the absorption of Benet tablets.

Remind patients to give all of their healthcare providers an accurate medication history. Instruct patients to tell all of their healthcare providers that they are taking Benet tablets. Patients should be instructed that any time they have a medical problem they think may be from Benet tablets, they should talk to their doctor.

MEDICATION GUIDE

Benet TABLETS, USP

(ris″ e droe′ nate soe′ dee um)

5 mg, 30 mg, 35 mg and 150 mg

Read the Medication Guide that comes with Benet tablets before you start taking it and each time you get a refill. There may be new information. This Medication Guide does not take the place of talking with your doctor about your medical condition or your treatment. Talk to your doctor if you have any questions about Benet tablets, there may be new information about it.

What is the most important information I should know about Benet tablets?

Benet tablets can cause serious side effects including:


Call your doctor right away if you have any of these side effects.

What are Benet tablets?

Benet tablets are a prescription medicine used to:


It is not known how long Benet tablets work for the treatment and prevention of osteoporosis. You should see your doctor regularly to determine if Benet tablets are still right for you.

Benet tablets are not for use in children.

Who should not take Benet tablets?

Do not take Benet tablets if you:


What should I tell my doctor before taking Benet tablets?

Before you start Benet tablets, be sure to talk to your doctor if you:


Especially tell your doctor if you take:


Tell your doctor about all the medicines you take, including prescription and non-prescription medicines, vitamins and herbal supplements. Certain medicines may affect how Benet tablets work.

Know the medicines you take. Keep a list of them and show it to your doctor and pharmacist each time you get a new medicine.

How should I take Benet tablets?


After swallowing the Benet tablet, wait at least 30 minutes:


Do not lie down for at least 30 minutes after you take Benet tablets and after you eat your first food of the day.

If you miss a dose of Benet tablets, do not take it later in the day. Take your missed dose the next morning and then return to your normal schedule. Do not take two doses at the same time.

If you miss more than two doses of Benet tablets in a month, call your doctor for instructions.

If you take too many Benet tablets, call your doctor. Do not try to vomit. Do not lie down.

What are the possible side effects of Benet tablets?

Benet tablets may cause serious side effects:


The most common side effects of Benet tablets are:


You may get allergic reactions, such as hives, swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat.

Tell your doctor if you have any side effect that bothers you or that does not go away.

These are not all the possible side effects of Benet tablets. For more information, ask your doctor or pharmacist.

Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.

How should I store Benet tablets?


Safely throw away medicine that is out of date or no longer needed.

Keep Benet tablets and all medicines out of the reach of children.

General information about the safe and effective use of Benet tablets.

Medicines are sometimes prescribed for purposes other than those listed in a Medication Guide. Do not use Benet tablets for a condition for which it was not prescribed. Do not give Benet tablets to other people, even if they have the same symptoms you have. It may harm them.

This Medication Guide summarizes the most important information about Benet tablets. If you would like more information, talk with your doctor. You can ask your doctor or pharmacist for information about Benet tablets that is written for health professionals.

For more information, call Mylan Pharmaceuticals Inc. at 1-877-446-3679 (1-877-4-INFO-RX).

What are the ingredients in Benet tablets, USP?

Active ingredient: Benet, USP

Inactive ingredients in all dose strengths: colloidal silicon dioxide, crospovidone, hypromellose, magnesium stearate, mannitol, microcrystalline cellulose, polydextrose, polyethylene glycol and titanium dioxide

Inactive ingredients specific to a dose strength: 5 mg-FD&C Blue No. 2 Aluminum Lake, FD&C Yellow No. 6 Aluminum Lake and triacetin; 30 mg-triacetin; 35 mg-red iron oxide, triacetin and yellow iron oxide; 150 mg-FD&C Blue No. 2 Aluminum Lake and FD&C Yellow No. 6 Aluminum Lake.

This Medication Guide has been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.

The brands listed are trademarks of their respective owners.

Mylan Pharmaceuticals Inc.

Morgantown, WV 26505 U.S.A.

REVISED DECEMBER 2015

RISE:R5mh

Benet pharmaceutical active ingredients containing related brand and generic drugs:

Active ingredient is the part of the drug or medicine which is biologically active. This portion of the drug is responsible for the main action of the drug which is intended to cure or reduce the symptom or disease. The other portions of the drug which are inactive are called excipients; there role is to act as vehicle or binder. In contrast to active ingredient, the inactive ingredient's role is not significant in the cure or treatment of the disease. There can be one or more active ingredients in a drug.


Benet available forms, composition, doses:

Form of the medicine is the form in which the medicine is marketed in the market, for example, a medicine X can be in the form of capsule or the form of chewable tablet or the form of tablet. Sometimes same medicine can be available as injection form. Each medicine cannot be in all forms but can be marketed in 1, 2, or 3 forms which the pharmaceutical company decided based on various background research results.
Composition is the list of ingredients which combinedly form a medicine. Both active ingredients and inactive ingredients form the composition. The active ingredient gives the desired therapeutic effect whereas the inactive ingredient helps in making the medicine stable.
Doses are various strengths of the medicine like 10mg, 20mg, 30mg and so on. Each medicine comes in various doses which is decided by the manufacturer, that is, pharmaceutical company. The dose is decided on the severity of the symptom or disease.


Benet destination | category:

Destination is defined as the organism to which the drug or medicine is targeted. For most of the drugs what we discuss, human is the drug destination.
Drug category can be defined as major classification of the drug. For example, an antihistaminic or an antipyretic or anti anginal or pain killer, anti-inflammatory or so.


Benet Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical codes:

A medicine is classified depending on the organ or system it acts [Anatomical], based on what result it gives on what disease, symptom [Therapeutical], based on chemical composition [Chemical]. It is called as ATC code. The code is based on Active ingredients of the medicine. A medicine can have different codes as sometimes it acts on different organs for different indications. Same way, different brands with same active ingredients and same indications can have same ATC code.


Benet pharmaceutical companies:

Pharmaceutical companies are drug manufacturing companies that help in complete development of the drug from the background research to formation, clinical trials, release of the drug into the market and marketing of the drug.
Researchers are the persons who are responsible for the scientific research and is responsible for all the background clinical trials that resulted in the development of the drug.


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References

  1. Dailymed."RISEDRONATE SODIUM TABLET, FILM COATED [MYLAN PHARMACEUTICALS INC.]". https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailym... (accessed August 28, 2018).
  2. Dailymed."RISEDRONATE SODIUM: DailyMed provides trustworthy information about marketed drugs in the United States. DailyMed is the official provider of FDA label information (package inserts).". https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailym... (accessed August 28, 2018).
  3. "Risedronate". https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/co... (accessed August 28, 2018).

Frequently asked Questions

Can i drive or operate heavy machine after consuming Benet?

Depending on the reaction of the Benet after taken, if you are feeling dizziness, drowsiness or any weakness as a reaction on your body, Then consider Benet not safe to drive or operate heavy machine after consumption. Meaning that, do not drive or operate heavy duty machines after taking the capsule if the capsule has a strange reaction on your body like dizziness, drowsiness. As prescribed by a pharmacist, it is dangerous to take alcohol while taking medicines as it exposed patients to drowsiness and health risk. Please take note of such effect most especially when taking Primosa capsule. It's advisable to consult your doctor on time for a proper recommendation and medical consultations.

Is Benet addictive or habit forming?

Medicines are not designed with the mind of creating an addiction or abuse on the health of the users. Addictive Medicine is categorically called Controlled substances by the government. For instance, Schedule H or X in India and schedule II-V in the US are controlled substances.

Please consult the medicine instruction manual on how to use and ensure it is not a controlled substance.In conclusion, self medication is a killer to your health. Consult your doctor for a proper prescription, recommendation, and guidiance.

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Review

sdrugs.com conducted a study on Benet, and the result of the survey is set out below. It is noteworthy that the product of the survey is based on the perception and impressions of the visitors of the website as well as the views of Benet consumers. We, as a result of this, advice that you do not base your therapeutic or medical decisions on this result, but rather consult your certified medical experts for their recommendations.

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The information was verified by Dr. Rachana Salvi, MD Pharmacology

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