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DRUGS & SUPPLEMENTS
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Amilin
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Amilin uses
Pharmacological action
Amilin is an antibiotic of semisynthetic broad-spectrum penicillin group. This medication has a bactericidal effect by suppressing the synthesis of bacterial cell walls. Amilin is active against aerobic gram-positive bacteria: Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus spp., Enterococcus spp., Listeria monocytogenes; aerobic gram-negative bacteria: Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Neisseria meningitidis, Escherichia coli, Shigella spp., Salmonella spp., Bordetella pertussis, some strains of Haemophilus influenzae. Amilin destroyed by penicillinase. This drug is acid-resistant.
Pharmacokinetics
After oral administration Amilin is well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. This medicine is distributed in most organs and tissues; crosses the placental barrier, poorly penetrates the BBB. When inflammation of the meninges, BBB permeability increases dramatically. 30% of Amilin is metabolized in the liver. This medication is excreted in the urine and bile.
Why is Amilin prescribed?
Infectious-inflammatory diseases caused by organisms susceptible to Amilin: including ear infections, throat, nose, odontogenic infections, bronchopulmonary infections, acute and chronic urinary tract infections, gastrointestinal infections, gynecological infections, meningitis, endocarditis, septicemia, sepsis, rheumatic fever, erysipelas, scarlet fever, infections of skin and soft tissues.
Dosage and administration
The dosing regimen of Amilin is set individually depending on the severity, localization of infection and sensitivity of the pathogen.
For adults for oral administration a single dose of this medication is 250-500 mg, the multiplicity of the reception is 4 times / day. The dose for children weighing up to 20 kg is 12.5-25 mg / kg every 6 hours.
For IV and IM using the single dose for adults is 250-500 mg every 4-6 hours; for children the single dose is 25-50 mg / kg.
The duration of treatment depends on the localization of infection and features of the disease.
The maximum oral daily dose for adults is 4 g, for IM and IV administration - 14 g.
Amilin side effects, adverse reactions
Allergic reactions: urticaria, erythema, angioedema, rhinitis, conjunctivitis, rarely - fever, joint pain, eosinophilia, extremely rare - anaphylactic shock.
Digestive system: nausea, vomiting.
The effects caused by chemotherapeutic action: oral candidiasis, vaginal candidiasis, intestinal dysbiosis, colitis caused by Clostridium difficile.
Amilin contraindications
Infectious mononucleosis, lymphatic leukemia, increased sensitivity to Amilin and other penicillins, abnormal liver function.
Using during pregnancy and breastfeeding
Perhaps the use of Amilin during pregnancy if it may be needed. Amilin is excreted in breast milk in low concentrations. If necessary to use Amilin in the lactation period it should be solved the issue of termination of breastfeeding.
Category effects on the fetus by FDA - B.
Special instructions
In the course of treatment with Amilin there is need the regular control of renal function, liver and peripheral blood picture. Patients with impaired renal function requires correction dosing regimen in accordance with the values of CCr.
When used in high doses in patients with renal insufficiency it may be toxic effects on the CNS.
For using of Amilin in patients with bacteremia it can be bacteriolysis reaction (Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction).
Amilin drug interactions
Simultaneous administration of Amilin with bactericidal antibiotics (including aminoglycosides, cephalosporins, cycloserine, vancomycin, rifampicin) there is manifested synergism; with bacteriostatic antibiotics (including macrolides, chloramphenicol, lincosamides, tetracyclines, sulfonamides) - antagonism.
Amilin enhances the effect of indirect anticoagulants by inhibiting the intestinal microflora, reduces the synthesis of vitamin K and prothrombin index.
Amilin decreases the effect of drugs in the process of metabolism which produce PABA.
Probenecid, diuretics, allopurinol, phenylbutazone, NSAIDs decrease the tubular secretion of Amilin which may be accompanied by an increase in its concentration in blood plasma.
Antacids, glucosamine, laxatives, aminoglycosides slow down and reduce the absorption of Amilin Upha Corporation. Ascorbic acid increases the absorption of Amilin.
Amilin decreases the effectiveness of oral contraceptives.
Amilin in case of emergency / overdose
Symptoms: the toxic effect on the central nervous system (especially in patients with renal insufficiency), nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, impaired water and electrolyte balance (as a consequence of vomiting and diarrhea).
Treatment: gastric lavage, activated charcoal, saline laxatives, a maintain of water and electrolyte balance, symptomatic therapy. This drug is derived by means of hemodialysis.
Amilin pharmaceutical active ingredients containing related brand and generic drugs:
Amilin available forms, composition, doses:
Composition is the list of ingredients which combinedly form a medicine. Both active ingredients and inactive ingredients form the composition. The active ingredient gives the desired therapeutic effect whereas the inactive ingredient helps in making the medicine stable.
Doses are various strengths of the medicine like 10mg, 20mg, 30mg and so on. Each medicine comes in various doses which is decided by the manufacturer, that is, pharmaceutical company. The dose is decided on the severity of the symptom or disease.